scholarly journals Chemical ultraviolet absorbers topically applied in a skin barrier mimetic formulation remain in the outer stratum corneum of porcine skin

2016 ◽  
Vol 510 (1) ◽  
pp. 250-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Haque ◽  
J.M. Crowther ◽  
M.E. Lane ◽  
D.J. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Porcine Skin ◽  
Ultraviolet Absorbers

Changes in corneocyte element concentrations occur in skin inner stratum corneum

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-147
Author(s):  
R. R. Warner
Keyword(s):  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Element Concentration ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Brick Wall ◽  
Inorganic Elements ◽  
Dry Skin ◽  
Skin Biopsies ◽  
Intercellular Lipid

Keratinocytes undergo maturation during their transit through the viable layers of skin, and then abruptly transform into flattened, anuclear corneocytes that constitute the cellular component of the skin barrier, the stratum corneum (SC). The SC is generally considered to be homogeneous in its structure and barrier properties, and is often shown schematically as a featureless brick wall, the “bricks” being the corneocytes, the “mortar” being intercellular lipid. Previously we showed the outer SC was not homogeneous in its composition, but contained steep gradients of the physiological inorganic elements Na, K and Cl, likely originating from sweat salts. Here we show the innermost corneocytes in human skin are also heterogeneous in composition, undergoing systematic changes in intracellular element concentration during transit into the interior of the SC.Human skin biopsies were taken from the lower leg of individuals with both “good” and “dry” skin and plunge-frozen in a stirred, cooled isopentane/propane mixture.

Microneedle-Assisted Percutaneous Transport of Magnesium Sulfate

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-147
Author(s):  
Karna B. Ghimirey ◽  
Kevin Ita
Keyword(s):  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
Magnesium Sulfate ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Magnesium Concentration ◽  
Porcine Skin ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Student’S T

Objective: In vitro diffusion experiments were performed to assess the permeation of magnesium sulfate across pig skin. Method: The mean thickness of the dermatomed porcine skin was 648 ± 12 µm. Magnesium concentration was measured using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy. Transdermal flux of magnesium sulfate across MN-treated and untreated porcine skin was obtained from the slope of the steady-state linear portion of cumulative amount versus time curve. Results: Statistical analysis of the results was done with Student’s t-test. The transdermal flux of magnesium sulfate across microneedle-treated porcine skin was 134.19 ± 2.4 µg/cm2/h and transdermal flux across untreated porcine skin was 4.64 ± 0.05 µg/cm2/h. Confocal microscopy was used to visualize the microchannels created by a solid microneedle roller (500 µm). Conclusion: From our confocal microscopy studies, it was evident that the 500 μm long microneedles disrupted the stratum corneum and created microchannels measuring 191 ± 37 µm. The increase in transdermal flux across the microneedle-treated skin was statistically significant compared to that of controls, i.e., without the application of microneedles. With the application of microneedles, the transdermal flux of magnesium permeated over 12 h was approximately 33-fold higher in comparison to passive diffusion across an intact stratum corneum.

Role of Centella asiatica and ceramide in skin barrier improvement: a double blind clinical trial of Indonesian batik workers

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 589-593
Author(s):  
Sylvia Anggraeni ◽  
Menul Ayu Umborowati ◽  
Damayanti Damayanti ◽  
Anang Endaryanto ◽  
Cita Rosita Sigit Prakoeswa
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Transepidermal Water Loss ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Stratum Corneum Hydration ◽  
Double Blind Clinical Trial

Abstract Objectives Batik dyes contain irritant chemicals that increase the risk of skin barrier disruption. This study aims to determine the effect of Centella asiatica and ceramide in transepidermal water loss (TEWL), hydration of the stratum corneum and skin acidity (pH). Methods This was a double blind clinical trial of 30 Indonesian batik workers who suffered from skin dryness, but had no clinical manifestation of contact dermatitis. Subjects were given cream containing C. asiatica or ceramide that formulated and randomly labeled by manufacturer (PT Paragon Technology and Innovation). Both subjects and researchers were blinded to the type of the cream. Cream was applied to the hands and arms twice a day. Biological function of the skin (TEWL, stratum corneum hydration level, and skin acidity) was examined by Cutometer dual MP-580. Baseline was recorded in the first examination, followed by second and third examinations at two and four weeks after treatment. Results After four weeks treatment, there were significant improvement of C. asiatica application in evaluation of corneometer palmar (p=0.007; CI 95%), corneometer dorsum (p=0.001; CI 95%), and skin acidity dorsum (p=0.017; CI 95%). Ceramide application also gave significant improvement of corneometer palmar (0.038; CI 95%), skin acidity palmar (p=0.001; CI 95%), TEWL dorsum (p=0.023; CI 95%), corneometer dorsum (p=0.002; CI 95%) and skin acidity dorsum (p=0.011; CI 95%). There were no significant differences of C. asiatica effectiveness compared to ceramide in skin barrier improvement. Conclusions C. asiatica and ceramide can improve skin barrier hydration in order to prevent the risk of contact dermatitis in batik workers.

Beneficial effects of oral supplementation with ferulic acid, a plant phenolic compound, on the human skin barrier in healthy men

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Atsushi Suzuki ◽  
Tomoko Nomura ◽  
Hiroko Jokura ◽  
Naoya Kitamura ◽  
Akihiko Fujii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Nervous Activity ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Transepidermal Water Loss ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous Activity ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Stratum Corneum Hydration ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous

Abstract. Ferulic acid (FA) is a phytochemical compound with various physiologic functions. To clarify the effect of FA intake on skin barrier function (SBF), we conducted a placebo-controlled double-blind pilot trial. Sixteen healthy subjects were divided into 2 groups (n = 8) and ingested capsules containing either FA (200 mg) or placebo daily for 2 weeks. Two measures of SBF, transepidermal water loss and stratum corneum hydration, were assessed before and 2 weeks after the start of the study. Autonomic nervous activity, which is suggested to be related to SBF, was also measured. Compared with the values obtained before the start of the study, FA intake significantly reduced transepidermal water loss (from 6.1 ± 1.1 to 4.8 ± 1.0 g/m2/h, p = 0.005) and increased stratum corneum hydration (from 30.1 ± 7.6 to 32.3 ± 8.1 a.u., p = 0.027) after 2 weeks. In addition, the amount change in sympathetic nervous activity was significantly reduced after ingesting the FA capsules compared with the placebo capsules (−0.7 ± 1.6 vs. 1.1 ± 1.4, p = 0.035). These findings suggest that FA supplementation decreases sympathetic nervous activity and strengthens SBF in healthy men.

scholarly journals Novel Design Approaches in the Fabrication of Polymeric Microarray Patches via Micromoulding

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inken Ramöller ◽  
Emma McAlister ◽  
Abigail Bogan ◽  
Ana Cordeiro ◽  
Ryan Donnelly
Keyword(s):  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Systemic Delivery ◽  
Porcine Skin ◽  
Density Maps ◽  
In Vitro Permeation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Permeation Studies ◽  
Novel Design

The focus on novel systems for transdermal delivery of therapeutic agents has increased considerably over recent years, as this administration route comes with many advantages. Polymeric microarray patches (MAPs) are minimally invasive devices that enable systemic delivery of a wide range of drugs by overcoming the outer skin barrier. Conventionally, MAPs fabricated by micromoulding have a low needle density. In this study, the performance of hydrogel-forming MAPs cast using novel industrially manufactured micromoulds with a high needle density (600 needles/0.75 cm2) was compared to that of MAPs obtained using conventional moulds with a lower density (196 needles/0.89 cm2). Surrounding holders for micromoulds were designed for time-efficient fabrication of MAPs. The influence of needle densities on mechanical strength, insertion efficiency and in vitro permeation of ibuprofen sodium (IBU) was analysed. Insertion of both MAPs into an artificial skin model and neonatal porcine skin was comparable. No significant difference was observed in permeation studies of IBU (p > 0.05), with a delivery of 8.7 ± 1.7 mg for low-density and 9.5 ± 0.1 mg for high-density MAPs within 24 h. This highlights the potential of these novel micromoulds for manufacturing polymeric MAPs with a higher needle density for future applications.

Changes in skin barrier during treatment with systemic alitretinoin: focus on skin susceptibility and stratum corneum ceramides

2010 ◽  
Vol 302 (9) ◽  
pp. 653-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob Mutanu Jungersted ◽  
Julie K. Høgh ◽  
Lars I. Hellgren ◽  
Gregor B. E. Jemec ◽  
Tove Agner
Keyword(s):  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
Skin Barrier

scholarly journals Effect of Modulated Alternating and Direct Current Iontophoresis on Transdermal Delivery of Lidocaine Hydrochloride

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaurav Bhatia ◽  
Ajay K. Banga
Keyword(s):  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transdermal Delivery ◽  
Alternating Current ◽  
Lidocaine Hydrochloride ◽  
Tape Stripping ◽  
Porcine Skin ◽  
Skin Receptor ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Iontophoretic Delivery

The objective of this study was to investigate the iontophoretic delivery of lidocaine hydrochloride through porcine skin and to compare the effects of modulated alternating and direct current iontophoresis. Continuous and modulated iontophoresis was applied for one hour and two hours (0-1 h and 4-5th h) using a 1% w/v solution of lidocaine hydrochloride. Tape stripping was done to quantify the amount of drug permeated into stratum corneum and skin extraction studies were performed to determine the amount of drug in stripped skin. Receptor was sampled and analyzed over predefined time periods. The amount of lidocaine delivered across porcine skin after modulated direct current iontophoresis for 2 h was1069.87±120.03 μg/sq·cm compared to744.81±125.41 μg/sq·cm after modulated alternating current iontophoresis for 2 h. Modulated direct current iontophoresis also enhanced lidocaine delivery by twelvefold compared to passive delivery as91.27±18.71 μg/sq·cm of lidocaine was delivered after passive delivery. Modulated iontophoresis enhanced the delivery of lidocaine hydrochloride across porcine skin compared to the passive delivery. Modulated alternating current iontophoresis for duration of 2 h at frequency of 1 kHz was found to be comparable to the continuous direct current iontophoresis for 1 h.

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