Error-related oscillatory activity is modulated by novelty seeking in the reward condition

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
J. Mojsa-Kaja ◽  
E. Beldzik ◽  
A. Domagalik ◽  
M. Gawlowska ◽  
T. Marek
Keyword(s):  
Reward Condition ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Novelty Seeking

Sensory and Cognitive Components of Auditory Processing in Individuals With Tinnitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 834-842
Author(s):  
Harini Vasudevan ◽  
Hari Prakash Palaniswamy ◽  
Ramaswamy Balakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Auditory Selective Attention ◽  
Cognitive Components ◽  
Mode Function ◽  
Related Potentials

Purpose The main purpose of the study is to explore the auditory selective attention abilities (using event-related potentials) and the neuronal oscillatory activity in the default mode network sites (using electroencephalogram [EEG]) in individuals with tinnitus. Method Auditory selective attention was measured using P300, and the resting state EEG was assessed using the default mode function analysis. Ten individuals with continuous and bothersome tinnitus along with 10 age- and gender-matched control participants underwent event-related potential testing and 5 min of EEG recording (at wakeful rest). Results Individuals with tinnitus were observed to have larger N1 and P3 amplitudes along with prolonged P3 latency. The default mode function analysis revealed no significant oscillatory differences between the groups. Conclusion The current study shows changes in both the early sensory and late cognitive components of auditory processing. The change in the P3 component is suggestive of selective auditory attention deficit, and the sensory component (N1) suggests an altered bottom-up processing in individuals with tinnitus.

Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-/Hyperaktivitätsstörung des Erwachsenenalters und Persönlichkeitsstörungen

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (01/02) ◽  
pp. 31-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Alm ◽  
E. Sobanski
Keyword(s):  
Novelty Seeking

ZusammenfassungDer Zusammenhang zwischen der ADHS des Erwachsenenalters mit Persönlichkeitsstörungen und Persönlichkeitsstruktur wurde noch wenig untersucht. Verfügbare Untersuchungsergebnisse belegen einen Zusammenhang mit spezifischen Persönlichkeitsdimensionen, in erster Linie affektiver Labilität, geringer Selbstverfügbarkeit, passiv-vermeidendem Verhalten bzw. “Novelty seeking” sowie von Cluster-Bund -C-Persönlichkeitsstörungen und der ADHS des Erwachsenenalters, wobei eine differenzielle Assoziation mit Aufmerksamkeitsstörungen und hyperaktiv-impulsivem Verhalten bzw. den Subtypen der ADHS besteht.

Intraoperative localization of spatially and spectrally distinct resting-state networks in Parkinson’s disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 132 (4) ◽  
pp. 1234-1242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Belardinelli ◽  
Ramin Azodi-Avval ◽  
Erick Ortiz ◽  
Georgios Naros ◽  
Florian Grimm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Network Effects ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Dynamic Imaging ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Network Information ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Electrophysiological Recordings ◽  
Intraoperative Localization

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is an effective treatment for symptomatic Parkinson’s disease (PD); the clinical benefit may not only mirror modulation of local STN activity but also reflect consecutive network effects on cortical oscillatory activity. Moreover, STN-DBS selectively suppresses spatially and spectrally distinct patterns of synchronous oscillatory activity within cortical-subcortical loops. These STN-cortical circuits have been described in PD patients using magnetoencephalography after surgery. This network information, however, is currently not available during surgery to inform the implantation strategy.The authors recorded spontaneous brain activity in 3 awake patients with PD (mean age 67 ± 14 years; mean disease duration 13 ± 7 years) during implantation of DBS electrodes into the STN after overnight withdrawal of dopaminergic medication. Intraoperative propofol was discontinued at least 30 minutes prior to the electrophysiological recordings. The authors used a novel approach for performing simultaneous recordings of STN local field potentials (LFPs) and multichannel electroencephalography (EEG) at rest. Coherent oscillations between LFP and EEG sensors were computed, and subsequent dynamic imaging of coherent sources was performed.The authors identified coherent activity in the upper beta range (21–35 Hz) between the STN and the ipsilateral mesial (pre)motor area. Coherence in the theta range (4–6 Hz) was detected in the ipsilateral prefrontal area.These findings demonstrate the feasibility of detecting frequency-specific and spatially distinct synchronization between the STN and cortex during DBS surgery. Mapping the STN with this technique may disentangle different functional loops relevant for refined targeting during DBS implantation.

EEG correlates of cognitive functions and neuropsychiatric disorders: A review of oscillatory activity and neural synchrony abnormalities

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meysam Amidfar ◽  
Yong-Ku Kim
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Brain Oscillations ◽  
Emotional Symptoms ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Diseases ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorders

Background: A large body of evidence suggested that disruption of neural rhythms and synchronization of brain oscillations are correlated with variety of cognitive and perceptual processes. Cognitive deficits are common features of psychiatric disorders that complicate treatment of the motivational, affective and emotional symptoms. Objective: Electrophysiological correlates of cognitive functions will contribute to understanding of neural circuits controlling cognition, the causes of their perturbation in psychiatric disorders and developing novel targets for treatment of cognitive impairments. Methods: This review includes description of brain oscillations in Alzheimer’s disease, bipolar disorder, attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder, major depression, obsessive compulsive disorders, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia and autism. Results: The review clearly shows that the reviewed neuropsychiatric diseases are associated with fundamental changes in both spectral power and coherence of EEG oscillations. Conclusion: In this article we examined nature of brain oscillations, association of brain rhythms with cognitive functions and relationship between EEG oscillations and neuropsychiatric diseases. Accordingly, EEG oscillations can most likely be used as biomarkers in psychiatric disorders.

scholarly journals Electrophysiological aftereffects of high-frequency transcranial random noise stimulation (hf-tRNS): an EEG investigation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo Ghin ◽  
Louise O’Hare ◽  
Andrea Pavan
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Random Noise ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Motion Direction ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Direction Discrimination ◽  
Transcranial Random Noise Stimulation

AbstractThere is evidence that high-frequency transcranial random noise stimulation (hf-tRNS) is effective in improving behavioural performance in several visual tasks. However, so far there has been limited research into the spatial and temporal characteristics of hf-tRNS-induced facilitatory effects. In the present study, electroencephalogram (EEG) was used to investigate the spatial and temporal dynamics of cortical activity modulated by offline hf-tRNS on performance on a motion direction discrimination task. We used EEG to measure the amplitude of motion-related VEPs over the parieto-occipital cortex, as well as oscillatory power spectral density (PSD) at rest. A time–frequency decomposition analysis was also performed to investigate the shift in event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP) in response to the motion stimuli between the pre- and post-stimulation period. The results showed that the accuracy of the motion direction discrimination task was not modulated by offline hf-tRNS. Although the motion task was able to elicit motion-dependent VEP components (P1, N2, and P2), none of them showed any significant change between pre- and post-stimulation. We also found a time-dependent increase of the PSD in alpha and beta bands regardless of the stimulation protocol. Finally, time–frequency analysis showed a modulation of ERSP power in the hf-tRNS condition for gamma activity when compared to pre-stimulation periods and Sham stimulation. Overall, these results show that offline hf-tRNS may induce moderate aftereffects in brain oscillatory activity.

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