Storage capacity explains fluid intelligence but executive control does not

Intelligence ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Chuderski ◽  
Maciej Taraday ◽  
Edward Nęcka ◽  
Tomasz Smoleń
Keyword(s):  
Executive Control ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Storage Capacity

scholarly journals Capacity, Control, or Both – Which Aspects of Working Memory Contribute to Children’s General Fluid Intelligence?

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Nęcka ◽  
Agata Lulewicz
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Working Memory Capacity ◽  
Capacity Control ◽  
Prepotent Response ◽  
Raven's Progressive Matrices

Abstract Starting from the assumption that working memory capacity is an important predictor of general fluid intelligence, we asked which aspects of working memory account for this relationship. Two theoretical stances are discussed. The first one posits that the important explanatory factor is storage capacity, roughly defined as the number of chunks possible to hold in the focus of attention. The second one claims that intelligence is explained by the efficiency of executive control, for instance, by prepotent response inhibition. We investigated 96 children at the age between 10 and 13. They completed a version of the n-back task that allows assessment of both storage capacity and inhibitory control. They also completed Raven’s Progressive Matrices as the fluid intelligence test and the Test for Creative Thinking - Drawing Production, for control purposes. We found that Raven’s scores correlated negatively with the number of unnecessary responses to irrelevant stimuli but they did not correlate with the number of signal detections. We conclude that children’s fluid intelligence depends on inhibitory control, with no relationship with storage capacity.

Behavioral and brain dynamics of executive control in relation to children's fluid intelligence

Intelligence ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 101513
Author(s):  
Josué Rico-Picó ◽  
Ángela Hoyo ◽  
Sonia Guerra ◽  
Ángela Conejero ◽  
M. Rosario Rueda
Keyword(s):  
Executive Control ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Brain Dynamics

Active Bilingualism in Aging: Balanced Bilingualism Usage and Less Frequent Language Switching Relate to Better Conflict Monitoring and Goal Maintenance Ability

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (9) ◽  
pp. e231-e241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara G H Chan ◽  
Wei Quin Yow ◽  
Adam Oei
Keyword(s):  
Older Adult ◽  
Task Switching ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Conflict Monitoring ◽  
Language Switching ◽  
Goal Maintenance

Abstract Objectives Experience-related neuroplasticity suggests that bilinguals who actively manage their two languages would develop more efficient neural organization at brain regions related to language control, which also overlap with areas involved in executive control. Our aim was to examine how active bilingualism—manifested as the regular balanced use of two languages and language switching—may be related to the different domains of executive control in highly proficient healthy older adult bilinguals, controlling for age, processing speed, and fluid intelligence. Methods Participants were 76 community-dwelling older adults who reported being physically and mentally healthy and showed no signs of cognitive impairment. They completed a self-report questionnaire on their language background, two computer measures for previously identified covariates (processing speed as measured by two-choice reaction time (RT) task and fluid intelligence as measured by the Raven’s Progressive Matrices), as well as a battery of computerized executive control tasks (Color-shape Task Switching, Stroop, Flanker, and Spatial 2-back task). Results Regression analyses showed that, even after controlling for age, processing speed, and fluid intelligence, more balanced bilingualism usage and less frequent language switching predicted higher goal maintenance (nonswitch trials RT in Color-shape Task Switching) and conflict monitoring abilities (global RT in Color-shape Task Switching and Flanker task). Discussion Results suggest that active bilingualism may provide benefits to maintaining specific executive control abilities in older adult bilinguals against the natural age-related declines.

scholarly journals Is executive control related to working memory capacity and fluid intelligence?

2019 ◽  
Vol 148 (8) ◽  
pp. 1335-1372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alodie Rey-Mermet ◽  
Miriam Gade ◽  
Alessandra S. Souza ◽  
Claudia C. von Bastian ◽  
Klaus Oberauer
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Working Memory Capacity ◽  
Memory Capacity

scholarly journals Fluid Intelligence as a Mediator of the Relationship between Executive Control and Balanced Time Perspective

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Zajenkowski ◽  
Maciej Stolarski ◽  
Joanna Witowska ◽  
Oliwia Maciantowicz ◽  
Paweł Łowicki
Keyword(s):  
Executive Control ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Balanced Time Perspective ◽  
The Relationship

Executive control processes of working memory predict attentional blink magnitude over and above storage capacity

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen M. Arnell ◽  
Kirk A. Stokes ◽  
Mary H. MacLean ◽  
Carleen Gicante
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Attentional Blink ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Attentional Blink Magnitude ◽  
Control Processes

An account of the relationship between fluid intelligence and complex learning in considering storage capacity and executive attention

Intelligence ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 537-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tengfei Wang ◽  
Xuezhu Ren ◽  
Michael Altmeyer ◽  
Karl Schweizer
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Executive Attention ◽  
Complex Learning ◽  
The Relationship

Global Increase in Task-related Fronto-parietal Activity after Focal Frontal Lobe Lesion

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1542-1552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Woolgar ◽  
Daniel Bor ◽  
John Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Behavioral Performance ◽  
Critical Question ◽  
System A ◽  
Frontal Lobe Damage ◽  
Global Increase ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
Frontal Lobe Lesion

A critical question for neuropsychology is how complex brain networks react to damage. Here, we address this question for the well-known executive control or multiple-demand (MD) system, a fronto-parietal network showing increased activity with many different kinds of cognitive demand, including standard tests of fluid intelligence. Using fMRI, we ask how focal frontal lobe damage affects MD activity during a standard fluid intelligence task. Despite poor behavioral performance, frontal patients showed increased fronto-parietal activity relative to controls. The activation difference was not accounted for by difference in IQ. Moreover, rather than specific focus on perilesional or contralesional cortex, additional recruitment was distributed throughout the MD regions and surrounding cortex and included parietal MD regions distant from the injury. The data suggest that, following local frontal lobe damage, there is a global compensatory recruitment of an adaptive and integrated fronto-parietal network.

scholarly journals Is short-term storage correlated with fluid intelligence? Strategy use explains the apparent relationship between ‘number of remembered items’ and fluid intelligence

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeljana Babic ◽  
Mark Schurgin ◽  
Timothy F. Brady
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Structured Representations ◽  
Short Term Storage ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Term Storage

Working memory is a core cognitive system that actively maintains information in an accessible state to support a variety of everyday tasks. Crucially, working memory performance has frequently been shown to strongly correlate with fluid intelligence. Traditionally when these correlations have been observed, the working memory tasks involved required a high degree of manipulation and executive function, as opposed to solely utilizing short-term storage capacity. However, recent work has claimed that simple storage capacity is also correlated with fluid intelligence, and that this is driven by a particularly special and dissociable component of capacity, the ‘number of items represented’ (rather than the precision of those representations). These results have been used to argue that investigating the underlying mechanisms of capacity limitations may be critical to understanding aspects of fluid intelligence. Here we demonstrate that such correlations do not arise solely or primarily from simple storage capacity (nor a single dissociable component of capacity), but are driven by the availability of strategic encoding of different kinds of visual representations. Specifically, a working memory task that decreased the utility of storing and making use of spatial ensemble information, while holding constant the number of items to be remembered and the exact changes participants needed to detect, significantly reduced the correlation between working memory performance and fluid intelligence. Thus, despite being probed on the same items, with the same foils, at the same set size, only working memory displays that allowed for the strategic use of both item and ensemble representations correlated with fluid intelligence. These results provide evidence against the hypothesis that simple storage alone is related to fluid intelligence. They also demonstrate that participants make use of more complex and structured representations rather than solely individual item representation, and that strategic utilization of these representations is what correlates strongly with fluid intelligence.

scholarly journals Successful Learning: Relationship Between Fluid Intelligence and Working Memory

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-74
Author(s):  
I.E. Rzhanova ◽  
O.S. Alekseeva ◽  
Yu.A. Burdukova
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Memory Training ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
The Relationship

The article provides an overview of modern works devoted to the study of the relationship between fluid intelligence and working memory. Recently, the world of psychological science has been actively discussing the topic of fluid intelligence and its impact on the academic achievements in childhood. One of the main cognitive characteristics most clearly associated with fluid intelligence is working memory. Working memory is a complex integrative function, in the implementation of which short-term and long-term memory, as well as executive control of attention, are involved. Until now, the debatable question remains, which of the components of working memory is most closely related to fluid intelligence. A number of studies conclude that the role of short-term memory is predominant, while in others executive control is called the most important component. A special place in the study of the relationship between working memory and fluid intelligence is occupied by scientific works which raise the question of the possibilities of improvement of fluid intelligence using working memory training series. In a number of training experiments, it was possible to obtain an improvement in the participants' fluid intelligence indicators after a series of working memory trainings.

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