scholarly journals Hand gesture performance is impaired in major depressive disorder: a matter of working memory performance?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Pavlidou ◽  
Petra V. Viher ◽  
Hanta Bachofner ◽  
Florian Weiss ◽  
Katharina Stegmayer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Hand Gesture ◽  
Major Depressive

Decreased integration of the frontoparietal network during a working memory task in major depressive disorder

2020 ◽  
pp. 000486742097828
Author(s):  
Wenjian Tan ◽  
Zhening Liu ◽  
Chang Xi ◽  
Mengjie Deng ◽  
Yicheng Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Frontoparietal Network ◽  
Global Efficiency

Background: Working memory deficits are a common feature in major depressive disorder and are associated with poor functional outcomes. Intact working memory performance requires the recruitment of large-scale brain networks. However, it is unknown how the disrupted recruitment of distributed regions belonging to these large-scale networks at the whole-brain level brings about working memory impairment seen in major depressive disorder. Methods: We used graph theory to examine the functional connectomic metrics (local and global efficiency) at the whole-brain and large-scale network levels in 38 patients with major depressive disorder and 41 healthy controls during a working memory task. Altered connectomic metrics were studied in a moderation model relating to clinical symptoms and working memory accuracy in patients, and a machine learning method was employed to assess whether these metrics carry enough illness-specific information to discriminate patients from controls. Results: Global efficiency of the frontoparietal network was reduced in major depressive disorder (false discovery rate corrected, p = 0.014); this reduction predicted worse working memory performance in patients with less severe illness burden indexed by Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (β =–0.43, p = 0.035, t =–2.2, 95% confidence interval = [–0.043,–0.002]). We achieved a classification accuracy and area under the curve of 73.42% and 0.734, respectively, to discriminate patients from controls based on connectomic metrics, and the global efficiency of the frontoparietal network contributed most to the diagnostic classification. Conclusions: We report a putative mechanistic link between the global efficiency of the frontoparietal network and impaired n-back performance in major depressive disorder. This relationship is more pronounced at lower levels of symptom burden, indicating the possibility of multiple pathways to cognitive deficits in severe major depressive disorder.

scholarly journals Hot and cold cognitive disturbances in antidepressant-free patients with major depressive disorder: a NeuroPharm study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
V. H. Dam ◽  
D. S. Stenbæk ◽  
K. Köhler-Forsberg ◽  
C. Ip ◽  
B. Ozenne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cognitive Profiles ◽  
Depression Severity ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Cognitive Disturbances

Abstract Background Cognitive disturbances are common and disabling features of major depressive disorder (MDD). Previous studies provide limited insight into the co-occurrence of hot (emotion-dependent) and cold (emotion-independent) cognitive disturbances in MDD. Therefore, we here map both hot and cold cognition in depressed patients compared to healthy individuals. Methods We collected neuropsychological data from 92 antidepressant-free MDD patients and 103 healthy controls. All participants completed a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery assessing hot cognition including emotion processing, affective verbal memory and social cognition as well as cold cognition including verbal and working memory and reaction time. Results The depressed patients showed small to moderate negative affective biases on emotion processing outcomes, moderate increases in ratings of guilt and shame and moderate deficits in verbal and working memory as well as moderately slowed reaction time compared to healthy controls. We observed no correlations between individual cognitive tasks and depression severity in the depressed patients. Lastly, an exploratory cluster analysis suggested the presence of three cognitive profiles in MDD: one characterised predominantly by disturbed hot cognitive functions, one characterised predominantly by disturbed cold cognitive functions and one characterised by global impairment across all cognitive domains. Notably, the three cognitive profiles differed in depression severity. Conclusion We identified a pattern of small to moderate disturbances in both hot and cold cognition in MDD. While none of the individual cognitive outcomes mapped onto depression severity, cognitive profile clusters did. Overall cognition-based stratification tools may be useful in precision medicine approaches to MDD.

scholarly journals Emotional working memory in patients with major depressive disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 1734-1746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi Li ◽  
Lei Feng ◽  
Xingwang Liu ◽  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Bingbing Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Memory Effect ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Emotional Pictures ◽  
Mood Congruent Memory

Objective This study was performed to examine the working memory (WM) encoding and retrieval abilities in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and determine whether a mood-congruent memory effect is present. Methods The modified Sternberg WM paradigm with positive, negative, and neutral emotional pictures was used to investigate the WM abilities of 26 patients with MDD and 26 healthy controls (HCs). Results No significant difference in picture WM was found between the MDD and HC groups; however, the accuracy of picture position WM was significantly lower and the response time was significantly longer in the MDD than HC group, regardless of the picture or position WM. Additionally, in the MDD group, the accuracy of negative picture/position WM was significantly higher than that of positive picture/position WM. Conclusions These results suggest that in patients with MDD, spatial WM impairment was more severe than object WM. In addition, these patients’ WM retrieval was impaired, resulting in a decrease in WM retrieval ability, which may be an important cause of the slow thought in patients with MDD. Moreover, patients with depression have a mood-congruent memory effect, which may be an important factor in the occurrence and maintenance of depression.

scholarly journals Prefrontal hyperactivation during working memory task in untreated individuals with major depressive disorder

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Matsuo ◽  
D C Glahn ◽  
M A M Peluso ◽  
J P Hatch ◽  
E S Monkul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Untreated Individuals

A review of factors that moderate autobiographical memory performance in patients with major depressive disorder

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 1122-1144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. King ◽  
Arlene G. MacDougall ◽  
Shelley M. Ferris ◽  
Brian Levine ◽  
Glenda M. MacQueen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Major Depressive

scholarly journals A-087 Socioeconomic Status Moderates the Neurocognitive Implications of Major Depressive Disorder Among People Living with HIV

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 880-880
Author(s):  
Fidaleo K ◽  
Byrd D ◽  
Rivera Mindt M ◽  
Aghvinian M ◽  
Savin M ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Urine Toxicology ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Objective While low socioeconomic status (SES) and major depression are highly co-occurring among people living with HIV (PLWH), there is a paucity of literature examining how these factors may influence neurocognition. Thus, this study aimed to identify the interactive effects of SES and lifetime major depressive disorder (MDD) within a diverse sample of PLWH. Method A sample of 119 PLWH (47 with lifetime MDD, 72 without MDD) underwent a comprehensive neurocognitive battery, neuromedical examination, psychiatric/substance use evaluations, and urine toxicology. The Hollingshead Four Factor Index of Social Status served as a proxy for SES. A lifetime MDD diagnosis was determined using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. After adjusting for covariates (i.e., illicit opiate positive urine toxicology), a series of least squares regression analyses tested the interactive effects of SES and MDD upon seven demographically-adjusted neurocognitive domain T-scores. Results The interactive effects of SES and MDD were significantly associated with the domain of attention/working memory (F(4, 109) = 4.34, p = .003, R2 = .14), such that PLWH and lifetime MDD performed better as SES increased (β = .38, SE = .12, p = .002). SES did not influence performance in attention/working memory among those without MDD. Significant interactive effects were not observed in other domains. Conclusions Those with higher SES and lifetime MDD performed better across tests of attention/working memory, suggesting heightened access to various resources associated with higher SES could be providing neurocognitive benefits to PLWH and MDD. Future directions should examine this interaction longitudinally and evaluate differences in the severity/duration of MDD.

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