169. Sexual and Gender Minority Homeless Youth and Their Sexual Relationships: A Systematic Review of Recent Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. S86
Author(s):  
Finneran K. Muzzey ◽  
J. Dennis Fortenberry ◽  
Megan K. Maas ◽  
Kendal Holtrop ◽  
Heather McCauley
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Homeless Youth ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Sexual Relationships ◽  
Gender Minority ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minority ◽  
And Gender

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Sexual and Gender Minority Youth in the Justice System: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 999-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa R. Jonnson ◽  
Brian M. Bird ◽  
Shanna M. Y. Li ◽  
Jodi L. Viljoen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Minority Stress ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Minority Youth ◽  
Gender Minority ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minority ◽  
And Gender

Theoretical models, such as the minority stress model, suggest that sexual and gender minority (SGM) youth may be overrepresented in the justice system. However, few studies have examined rates of SGM youth in the system, and even fewer have compared them with rates of these youth in the broader community. To obtain a more accurate estimate, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 31,258 youths and compared rates of SGM youth in the justice system with those in the community. Contrary to claims that SGM youth are overrepresented generally, this review suggests that sexual minority girls, specifically, are disproportionally involved in the justice system. Rates of involvement appeared to differ across ethnic subgroups of sexual minority youth, and evidence is inconclusive regarding the prevalence of gender minority youth in the system. Implications of these findings for researchers and justice system professionals are discussed.

Victimization and Resilience Among Sexual and Gender Minority Homeless Youth Engaging in Survival Sex

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626051989843
Author(s):  
Edward J. Alessi ◽  
Brett Greenfield ◽  
Dean Manning ◽  
Meredith Dank
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Homeless Youth ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
Diverse Group ◽  
Gender Minority ◽  
Survival Sex ◽  
Intersecting Identities ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minority ◽  
And Gender

This study examined how a diverse group of sexual and gender minority (SGM) homeless youth described and understood their victimization experiences occurring before they were homeless and those occurring after they were homeless and engaging in survival sex. In addition, the study explored how these youths manifested resilience when living on the street. The sample consisted of 283 racially/ethnically diverse youth between the ages of 15 and 26 years ( M = 19.6, SD = 1.28) living in a large U.S. city. Participants identified their gender as male (47%), female (36%), transgender (15%), or queer and other (3%) and their sexual orientation as bisexual (37%), gay (23%), lesbian (15%), heterosexual (13%), or queer and other (13%). Thirty-seven percent identified as Black, 30% as multiracial, 22% as Latino/a, 5% as White, and 5% as another race. Content and thematic analyses were used to conduct a secondary analysis of qualitative data. Four themes were identified: unsafe and unsupported at home; barriers to housing and employment stability; ongoing victimization and lack of protection; and unexpected opportunities for resilience. Findings demonstrated that participants experienced victimization related not only to their SGM identities but also to chaotic home environments. Once homeless and engaging in survival sex, youth experienced barriers to securing employment and housing as well as victimization by police and clients. These experiences frequently involved prejudice related to their intersecting identities. Despite encountering numerous challenges, participants described surviving on the streets by living openly and forming relationships with other youth. Implications for practice and policy are discussed.

scholarly journals A systematic review of stigma in sexual and gender minority health interventions

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1200-1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric K Layland ◽  
Joseph A Carter ◽  
Nicholas S Perry ◽  
Jorge Cienfuegos-Szalay ◽  
Kimberly M Nelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minorities ◽  
Gender Minority ◽  
Gender Minorities ◽  
Intervention Efficacy ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minority ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Stigma against sexual and gender minorities is a major driver of health disparities. Psychological and behavioral interventions that do not address the stigma experienced by sexual and gender minorities may be less efficacious. We conducted a systematic review of existing psychological and behavioral health interventions for sexual and gender minorities to investigate how interventions target sexual and gender minority stigma and consider how stigma could affect intervention efficacy. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. Eligible studies were peer reviewed and published in English between January 2003 and July 2019 and reported empirical results of behavioral or psychological interventions implemented among sexual and gender minorities. All interventions addressed stigma. We identified 37 eligible interventions. Most interventions targeted sexual minority men. Interventions were frequently developed or adapted for implementation among sexual and gender minorities and addressed multiple levels and types of stigma. Interventions most frequently targeted proximal stressors, including internalized and anticipated stigma. HIV and mental health were the most commonly targeted health outcomes. A limited number of studies investigated the moderating or mediating effects of stigma on intervention efficacy. The application of an intersectional framework was frequently absent and rarely amounted to addressing sources of stigma beyond sexual and gender minority identities. A growing number of interventions address sexual and gender minority stigma in an effort to prevent deleterious health effects. Future research is needed to assess whether stigma modifies the effectiveness of existing psychological and behavioral interventions among sexual and gender minorities. Further, the application of intersectional frameworks is needed to more comprehensively intervene on multiple, intersecting sources of stigma faced by the diverse sexual and gender minority community.

Overweight and obesity in sexual and gender minority adolescents: A systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 1350-1366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Claire Grammer ◽  
Meghan E. Byrne ◽  
Arielle T. Pearlman ◽  
David A. Klein ◽  
Natasha A. Schvey
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Gender Minority ◽  
Minority Adolescents ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minority ◽  
And Gender

Psychotherapeutic depression interventions adapted for sexual and gender minority youth: A systematic review of an emerging literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 380-411
Author(s):  
Alan Z. Sheinfil ◽  
Jacklyn D. Foley ◽  
Jeremy Ramos ◽  
Kevin M. Antshel ◽  
Sarah E. Woolf-King
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Minority Youth ◽  
Gender Minority ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minority ◽  
And Gender

Describing the Nature and Correlates of Health Service Providers’ Competency Working With Sexual and Gender Minority Patients: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 152483992094321
Author(s):  
Corrine N. Wilsey ◽  
Robert J. Cramer ◽  
James M. Macchia ◽  
Frank D. Golom
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Skill Sets ◽  
Gender Minority ◽  
Health Service Providers ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minority ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Meta Analyses

Disparities in the health services delivered to sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals are widespread across health service disciplines. Many health service providers do not have the knowledge, comfort, or skills necessary to provide health services to SGM individuals. The objective of the current systematic review was to review the correlates of competency (defined as knowledge, attitude, and skill) that health service providers possess for working with SGM individuals. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses was utilized to guide search and reporting strategies. PsycInfo/PsycArticles, PubMed/Medline, and Google Scholar databases were searched to find studies that addressed health service providers’ competency working with SGM individuals. There were 31 studies included in the review. Approximately half of the studies utilized the full definition of competency (knowledge, attitude, and skill). The most common competency assessed was knowledge, and the least common was skill. The majority of the studies addressed health service providers in the social sciences. Health service education needs to emphasize competency working with SGM individuals. Of particular importance is developing skill sets, as many providers reported that they did not have the skills necessary to provide culturally competent health services to SGM individuals.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of the Discrimination Against Sexual and Gender Minority in Health Care Settings

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cemile Hurrem Balik Ayhan ◽  
Hülya Bilgin ◽  
Ozgu Tekin Uluman ◽  
Ozge Sukut ◽  
Sevil Yilmaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Health Care Settings ◽  
Gender Minority ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minority ◽  
And Gender

The present systematic review aimed to determine discrimination experiences of sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals and attitudes toward SGM among health care staff in health care settings. Following PRISMA guidelines, the review was conducted in 3 databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Science Direct) using keywords of sexual and gender minority, including “gay,” “lesbian,” “bisexual,” “transgender,” “LGB,” “LGBT,” “health care discrimination,” “stigma,” “homophobia,” “transphobia,” and “attitudes of healthcare professionals” from May to September 2016. Predetermined inclusion criteria were selected. Thirty quantitative studies were eligible for inclusion in this review. Discriminative behaviors experienced by SGM individuals were stigma, denial or refusal of health care, and verbal or physical abuse. Knowledge and educational levels, beliefs, and religion of health care providers affected their attitudes toward SGM patients and their homophobia level. These findings revealed that health care providers needed more education about SGM issues, and SGM-friendly policies should be created for improving health care for SGM individuals.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document