scholarly journals Impact of improved seed and inorganic fertilizer on maize yield and welfare: Evidence from Eastern Ethiopia

2022 ◽  
pp. 100266
Author(s):  
Musa Hasen Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Maize Yield ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia

scholarly journals Adoption of Conservation Practices: Its Impact on Input Use and Performance in the Northern Region of Ghana

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Mavis Boimah ◽  
Akwasi Mensah-Bonsu ◽  
Yaw Osei-Asare ◽  
Daniel B. Sarpong
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Average Treatment Effect ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Switching Regression ◽  
Average Treatment ◽  
The Impact

Conservation Agriculture (CA) is promoted worldwide on the basis of its contribution to economic, social, and environmental sustainability of agricultural production. In Ghana, despite the increasing interest in the promotion of CA and its practices, its rate of adoption is still low, mainly due to the conflicting evidences regarding its effectiveness. This paper contributes to the numerous debates by examining the impact of CA practices on hired labour, rates of inorganic fertilizers applied by adopters, maize yield, and profit of adopters. Using a cross-sectional data, a multinomial endogenous switching regression (MESR) model was employed to compute the Average Treatment Effect (ATE) and Average Treatment Effect on Treated (ATET) for yield, hired labour, inorganic fertilizer rate, and profit of adopters of CA practices. The study reveals that CA practices impact positively on hired labour employed on the farm, but have a negative impact on profits of adopters. No impact whatsoever of adoption of CA practices is observed on maize yield and also inorganic fertilizer application rates. Technical assistance, and training of farmers on strategies that minimize costs of production must be intensified to raise profits of adopters.

scholarly journals Lime, manure and Inorganic Fertilizer Effects on Soil Chemical Properties, Maize Yield and Profitability in Acidic Soils in Central Highlands of Kenya

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-51
Author(s):  
W. Winnie Kimiti ◽  
M. W. Mucheru-Muna ◽  
J. N. Mugwe ◽  
K. F. Ngetich ◽  
M. N. Kiboi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Acidic Soils ◽  
Maize Grain Yield ◽  
Maize Grain

In Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), acidic soil covers 29% of the total area. About 13% of the Kenyan total land area has acidic soils, widely distributed in croplands of the central and western Kenyan regions. The high soil acidity, coupled with soil nutrient depletion, negatively affects crop productivity in the region. We conducted an on-farm experiment to determine the effect of lime, manure, and phosphatic fertilizer application, either solely or combined, on soil chemical properties, maize yield, and profitability in acidic soils of Tharaka Nithi County, Kenya. The treatments were different rates of manure, lime, and P fertilizer. The experiment was designed as a randomized complete block design replicated ten times in farmer’s fields. Soil sampling was done at a depth of 0-20 cm prior to the start of the experiment, after crop harvest of SR2016 and LR2017 seasons. The samples were analyzed in the laboratory following standard methods. Results showed that lime significantly increased soil pH by 10.6% during the SR2016 and by 17.7% during the LR2017. Similarly, treatments with lime reduced exchangeable acidity and increased soil available P. Treatments with inorganic fertilizers had significantly higher maize grain yield in comparison with treatments with the sole application of lime, manure, and lime + manure. Lime + fertilizer + manure treatment gave the highest average maize grain yield (5.1 t ha−1), while control gave the lowest (1.5 t ha−1) during the LR2017 season. Economic returns were low due to the prevailing low rainfall experienced during the study period during the SR2016 season. Lime combined with inorganic fertilizer treatment recorded the highest returns (128.75 USD ha-1) followed by sole inorganic fertilizer (105.94 USD ha-1) during the LR2017 season. The study recommends a combination of both lime and inorganic fertilizer for enhanced maize production and profitability in Tharaka-Nithi County, Kenya.

FERTILIZATION STRATEGIES IN CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE SYSTEMS WITH MAIZE–LEGUME COVER CROP ROTATIONS IN SOUTHERN AFRICA

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. MUPANGWA ◽  
C. THIERFELDER ◽  
A. NGWIRA
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Residual Soil ◽  
Velvet Bean ◽  
Maize Production

SUMMARYMultilocation experiments were established to determine the best strategy for using inorganic fertilizer in conservation agriculture (CA) systems that use green manure cover crops, namely sunhemp, velvet bean and cowpea grown in rotation with maize. The objectives of the study were to determine (i) the effect of half and full rates of basal fertilizer on maize and legume biomass yields, (ii) the residual effects of unfertilized, half and fully fertilized green manure legumes on maize grown after the legumes, and (iii) the residual effect of unfertilized, half and fully fertilized green manure legumes combined with basal and topdressing fertilizer on maize yields. Experimental design was a randomized complete block with basal fertilizer as a treatment in the green manure legumes phase. Previously, in the maize phase, green manure legume species were the main treatment with basal fertilizer as a subtreatment (sunhemp, velvet bean and cowpea: 0, 75, 150 kg ha−1and 0, 50, 100 kg ha−1, respectively). Nitrogen was applied in the maize phase at 0, 23, 46, 69 kg N ha−1as a sub-subtreatment in Malawi. Results showed that inorganic fertilizer is the most effective when applied to the maize, not green manure legumes. Biomass of green manure legumes, sunnhemp 8084 kg ha−1, velvet bean 7678 kg ha−1and cowpea 4520 kg ha−1, was not significantly affected by application of basal fertilizer. Maize production increased after the application of green manure legumes with maize-after-maize, maize-after-velvet bean, maize-after-sunnhemp and maize-after-cowpea, yielding 3804, 5440, 5446 and 5339 kg ha−1, respectively. Nitrogen increased maize yield regardless of the previously used green manure legumes species. Our results suggest that farmers should apply fertilizer to maize and grow green manure legumes on residual soil in CA systems. Despite growing green manure legumes, smallholders should apply nitrogen topdressing to maize grown using the green manure legumes in some agro-ecologies.

scholarly journals Effect of Integrated Farmyard Manure and NP Fertilizers Use on Hybrid Maize Yield and Soil Properties in Western Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
Bekele Gemechu
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hybrid Maize ◽  
Western Ethiopia

A study was carried out to assess the effect of integrated Farmyard Manure (FYM) and inorganic NP fertilizers use on yield and soil properties in Bako-Tibe district of Oromia, western Ethiopia.  Five treatments  (i.e., 110 kg N ha-1 + 46 kg P2O5 ha-1 (T1), 12 ton FYM ha-1 (T2) , 55 kg N ha-1 + 23 kg P2O5 ha-1 + 6 ton FYM ha-1(T3),  27.5kg N ha-1  + 11.5 kg P2O5 ha-1 + 6 ton FYM ha-1(T4) and the control (T5)) were used in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with five replications using  five farmers’ fields. Yield and yield related parameters were analyzed using SAS statistical software version 9.0. Economic analysis was performed to compare treatments advantages.  The treatment with half the recommended NP (55 kg N ha-1 + 23 kg P2O5 ha-1 + 6 ton FYM ha-1) showed superior plant growth performance as compared to other treatments. Pure use of inorganic NP resulted in high Na, K, Ca and P composition of grain while pure FYM use resulted in high content of Mg and Ca composition. The level of P in grain decreased with the increasing of FYM.  Soil fertility parameters considered showed no significance difference (P: 0.05) among the treatments. The mean difference values indicated that use of pure inorganic fertilizer increased soil PH, exchangeable Na, and available S. Use of pure farmyard manure resulted in an increase in the soil exchangeable Na, K, Mg, total Nitrogen, and available K and S. The use of half of the recommended inorganic fertilizer and FYM can enhance soil fertility in addition to yield improvement.  

PRODUCTIVITY AND PROFITABILITY OF MAIZE + GROUNDNUT ROTATIONS COMPARED WITH CONTINUOUS MAIZE ON SMALLHOLDER FARMS IN ZIMBABWE

2001 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. WADDINGTON ◽  
J. KARIGWINDI
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Smallholder Farms ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Continuous Maize ◽  
Maize Grain ◽  
On Farm

Experiments to assess the yield and economic performance of a maize-groundnut rotation compared with continuous maize (both when inorganic fertilizer was applied to maize and when not), were conducted under management by smallholder farmers in Zimbabwe over six years. The experiment was planted on-station near Harare and at six smallholder sites in northeast Zimbabwe, predominantly on sandy soils. Fertilizer rates and practices were those used by farmers, as described in surveys. On-farm grain yields from continuous maize without fertilizer were generally in the range 0.5–0.8 t ha−1 over five years. Maize yield responses to inorganic fertilizer on smallholder farms were highly variable, but moderate (up to 29 kg grain per kg N) with adequate rainfall. With no inorganic fertilizer applied to maize, the on-station groundnut crop (producing 0.260–0.355 t ha−1 shelled grain) almost doubled the grain yield of the following maize crop (in 1995–96), increasing output from 2.46 t ha−1 to 4.61 t ha−1. Where inorganic fertilizer was applied to maize, the rotation produced even more additional maize grain (an increase of 2.93 t ha−1). Up to 0.50 t ha−1 extra grain was obtained in the second year of maize following groundnut (1996–97). With inorganic fertilizer, groundnut improved the grain yield of following maize crops at only two of five on-farm sites. Without fertilizer, the groundnut rotation increased maize grain yields at five on-farm sites by an average of only 0.28 t ha−1. For the on-station groundnut and two subsequent years with maize, discounted net benefits (DNBs) over cash costs (seed and fertilizer) were greater for the rotation than for continuous maize, irrespective of whether or not inorganic fertilizer was applied. When labour costs were added, continuous maize plus fertilizer showed better returns than did the rotation, while the returns for the rotation and continuous maize without fertilizer were almost the same. On-farm the rotation was far less profitable. At only two sites, DNBs over cash costs were higher for the rotation whereas DNBs over all costs (including labour valued at a local casual-worker wage) were always negative or close to zero. At three sites, it was far more profitable to grow continuous maize, especially with fertilizer. These findings of low groundnut yield, marginal to zero profitability, and high labour cost of groundnut-maize rotations, support and explain the general trend by smallholder farmers to reduce groundnut area in Zimbabwe.

scholarly journals Study on the use of sludge farming of catfish as organic fertilizer and evaluate its effectiveness in agriculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. First
Author(s):  
Huyen Khon Nguyen ◽  
Le Thanh Hai ◽  
Tung Van Tra ◽  
Nguyen Viet Thang ◽  
Tran Thi Hieu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Soil Aggregate Stability ◽  
Waste Sludge ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The purpose of this study is to reuse fishpond sediment to produce organic fertilizer for planting maize. The sludge was mixed with rice husk and Composted under aerobic conditions. The effectiveness of Compost on planting maizes was assessed by adding to maizes with and without combination chemical fertilizers as different dosages as recommendations. The amounts of Compost adding for maizes were 10 and 20 tons/ha. Maize growth, characteristics of corn, and soil physical and chemical parameters such as bulk density, soil aggregate stability, the volume of moisture, and useful moisture of soil were measured and evaluated. The results showed that the quality of organic fertilizer produced from waste sludge met Vietnamese standard (QCVN:2018/BNNPTNT) for adding to crops. Applying organic fertilizer with the quantity of 20 tons/ha to combine with the recommendation of inorganic fertilizer amount for planting maizes increased the yield. Moreover, 20 ton/ha of organic fertilizer coupling with 50% of chemical fertilizer amount as a recommendation for planting maize also enhanced the yield to compare with the control (only using inorganic fertilizer as a recommendation). The maize yield of applying 20 tons/ha of organic fertilizer was higher than the maize yield of 10 tons/ha of organic fertilizer. Using organic fertilizer produced by fishpond sediment did improve not only the soil quality but also protected the canals and increased household income.

scholarly journals Effect of Application of Compost With Inorganic Fertilizer on Population of Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacteria and Maize Yield in Dry Land

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
P Purwanto ◽  
Yulia Nuraini ◽  
Nurul Istiqomah
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
A Value ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing ◽  
Total P

The aim of this study was to explore the effect of a combination of manure and inorganic fertilizer (NPK and Urea) on the population of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and the yield of maize. The study was carried out from June to October 2018 in the Kemantren Village, Alas Kulak Hamlet, Jabung District, Malang Regency. This study used a randomized block design consisting of 8 treatment levels and repeated three times. The results of the analysis of variance showed that the application of a combination of compost, fertilizer (NPK and Urea) gave significantly different results to the population of phosphate solubilizing bacteria C-organic, P-total, P-available, dry shelled weight and stover weight. The treatment of 2 t ha-1 compost + 100 kg ha-1 NPK + 50 kg gave the highest yield for the population of phosphate solubilizing bacteria with a value of 61×104 CFU.g-1. Maize production yields obtained treatment of 2 t ha-1 of compost + 400kg.ha-1NPK + 200 kg.ha-1 Urea reached a value of 8.65 t ha-1.

scholarly journals The Effect of Composting Campus Litter Granules and Inorganic Fertilizers on the Improvement of Soil Physical Properties and Corn Yield (Zea mays L.) In Inceptisol

Agrologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maimuna La Habi ◽  
A.Marthin Kalay
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Volume Weight

The addition of organic matter is done to overcome the problems that occur in acid soils such as inceptisols. The aim of the research was to develop organic fertilizer enriched in granular form from campus litter compost to improve soil physical properties and maize yield in Inceptisols. The treatments consisted of: no fertilizer (KGSK1), 8 t ha-1 granule compost (KGSK2), inorganic fertilizer (Urea, SP-36, and KCl) recommended dose (KGSK3), inorganic fertilizer + 8 t ha- granule compost (KGSK4 ), x dose of inorganic fertilizer + compost granule (8 t ha-1) (KGSK5), 2 times dose of inorganic fertilizer + compost granule 8 t ha-1 (KGSK6), x dose of inorganic fertilizer + compost granule 12 t ha- 1 (KGSK7) and 2 times the dose of inorganic fertilizer + compost 4 t ha (KGSK8). The study was designed using a randomized block design with three replications. The results of the study found that the provision of enriched campus litter granules, either applied singly or in combination with inorganic fertilizers, had a significant effect on improving soil physical properties, namely soil volume weight, soil specific gravity, soil porosity, fast drainage pores, slow drainage pores, water pores. available, and unavailable pore water were 0.90 g cm-3, 2.30 g cm-3, 7.77%, 23.54%, 8.83%, 11.62%, and 249.17%, and the yield of dry shelled corn was 7.85 tons ha- 1.Keywords: Granular compost, Corn, Inceptisol, inorganic fertilizer 

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Inorganic Fertilizer and Biofertilizer Application on Maize Yield and Fertilizer Use Efficiency on Inceptisol from West Java

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Jati Purwani ◽  
Nurjaya Nurjaya
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Fertilizer Use Efficiency ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Recommended Level

The study about the effectiveness of inorganic fertilizer and bio-fertilizer application on maize yield and fertilizer use efficiency has been carried out in the greenhouse using Inceptisol from Dukuh Village, Cibungbulang District, Bogor Regency. Inorganic fertilizers used were Urea, SP36 and KCl, the biofertilizer used consisted of Azospirillum sp., Azotobacter sp., Bacillus sp., and Lactobacillus sp.. The study was arranged in a Randomized Block Design consisting of seven treatments and six replications. The treatments consisted of various dosages of inorganic fertilizers combined with bio-fertilizer, namely 1) Control (without fertilizer), 2) 100% recommended NPK level, 3) Biofertilizer, 4) 25% recommended NPK level+Biofertilizer, 5) 50% recommended NPK level+Biofertilizer, 6) 75% recommended NPK level + Biofertilizer, 7) 100% recommended NPK level + Biofertilizer. The results showed that the application of inorganic NPK ferttilizers and biofertilizer on maize cultivation on Inceptisol from Dukuh Village, Cibungbulang District, Bogor Regency resulted in an increase of maize yield compared to the recommended level of inorganic fertilizers (100% NPK). The treatment of NPK (50% recommended level)+Biofertilizer resulted in the highest biomass dry weight, yield of corn and value of RAE (Relative Agronomic Effectiveness). The shoot dry weight was 138.09 g pot-1, corn yield was 190.87 g pot-1, and RAE value was 113.44%. The optimum doses of NPK fertilizers were 200 kg Urea ha-1, 60 kg SP-36 ha-1 and 45 kg KCl ha-1 combined with 4 L ha-1 biofertilizer.

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