Dynamics of diffusive layering and chemocline formation in Lake Kivu and brine pools

2019 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 103520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Finn Hirslund
Keyword(s):  
Lake Kivu ◽  
Brine Pools

Questioning territories and identities in the precolonial (nineteenth-century) Lake Kivu region

Africa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-515
Author(s):  
Gillian Mathys
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Lake Kivu ◽  
Territorial Claims ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

AbstractThroughout Africa, contemporary boundaries are deemed ‘artificial’ because they were external impositions breaking apart supposedly homogeneous ethnic units. This article argues that the problem with the colonial borders was not only that they arbitrarily dissected African societies with European interests in mind, but also that they profoundly changed the way in which territoriality and authority functioned in this region, and therefore they affected identity. The presumption that territories could be constructed in which ‘culture’ and ‘political power’ neatly coincided was influenced by European ideas about space and identity, and privileged the perceptions and territorial claims of those ruling the most powerful centres in the nineteenth century. Thus, this article questions assumptions that continue to influence contemporary views of the Lake Kivu region. It shows that local understandings of the relationship between space and identity differed fundamentally from state-centred perspectives, whether in precolonial centralized states or colonial states.

Microbial Diversity and Biotechnological Potential of Microorganisms Thriving in the Deep-Sea Brine Pools

Extremophiles ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 19-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Barozzi ◽  
Francesca Mapelli ◽  
Grégoire Michoud ◽  
Elena Crotti ◽  
Giuseppe Merlino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Biotechnological Potential ◽  
Brine Pools

Kings and Clans: Ijwi Island and the Lake Kivu Rift, 1780-1840

1993 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 640
Author(s):  
Edward I. Steinhart ◽  
David Newbury
Keyword(s):  
Lake Kivu

Origin of methane in Lake Kivu (East-Central Africa)

1988 ◽  
Vol 71 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 257-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Schoell ◽  
K. Tietze ◽  
S.M. Schoberth
Keyword(s):  
Central Africa ◽  
East Central ◽  
Lake Kivu

Sea bottom characteristics and geochemistry of oil and gas seeps in the Gulf of Mexico

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-60
Author(s):  
John Decker ◽  
Philip Teas ◽  
Daniel Orange ◽  
Bernie B. Bernard
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Gas Hydrates ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Geochemical Analysis ◽  
Mud Volcanoes ◽  
Sea Bottom ◽  
High Backscatter ◽  
Oil Extract ◽  
Brine Pools ◽  
Gas Seeps

From 2015 to 2018, TGS conducted a comprehensive multiclient oil and gas seep hunting survey in the Gulf of Mexico. The basis for identifying seeps on the sea bottom was a high-resolution Multi-Beam Echo Sounder survey, mapping approximately 880,000 km2 of the sea bottom deeper than 750 m water depth, at a bathymetric resolution of 15 m and a backscatter resolution of 5 m. We have identified more than 5000 potential oil and/or gas seeps, and of those, we cored approximately 1500 for hydrocarbon geochemical analysis. The sea bottom features best related to hydrocarbon seepage in the GoM are high backscatter circular features with or without bathymetric expression, high backscatter features with “flow” appearance, mud volcanoes, pock marks, brine pools, “popcorn” texture, faults, and anticlinal crests. We also tracked gas plumes in the water column back to the sea bottom to provide an additional criterion for hydrocarbon seepage. Cores from sea bottom targets recovered liquid oil, tar, and gas hydrates. Oil extract and gas analyses of samples from most target types produced values substantially higher than background in oil and gas.

The Red Sea Metalliferous Sediments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Clara Modenesi ◽  
J. Carlos Santamarina
Keyword(s):  
Red Sea ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Complete Characterization ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Soil Behavior ◽  
Sediment Formation ◽  
Brine Pools

<p>The demand for metals and raw materials continues to increase as onshore deposits become more depleted. Our oceans contain large unexplored areas that may contain new resources in the form of Mn-nodules, Co-rich crusts, and massive sulfides. A complete characterization and assessment of these deposits are fundamental for the evaluation of resource extraction, separation, and disposal processes.</p><p>The Red Sea holds unique examples of sediment accumulations formed under distinctive environmental conditions. The Atlantis II deep is located in the central part of the Red Sea at 2 km depth and on top of the spreading axis. This deep accumulates sediments that result predominantly from the discharge of hydrothermal fluids into hot and stratified brine pools. The changes in environmental conditions and the hydro-chemical conditions in the brine pool control sediment formation. The accumulations are enriched with metals, such as Ag, Au, Cu, Co, and Zn. The sediments in this deep hold a record of the formation history and their brine pools tell a story about on-going processes.</p><p>On-going research at the Energy Geo-Engineering Laboratory EGEL, KAUST includes (1) Geotechnical index properties (liquid limit, grain size distribution, and specific surface) and consolidation tests to infer engineering properties, (2) Sediment classification based on the Revised Soil Classification System, (3) Geochemistry and mineralogy using XRD, ICP-OES and (4) Microstructure and texture with SEM imaging. An advanced sediment characterization of these fine-grained metalliferous deposits gives a comprehensive understanding of the soil behavior.</p>

Nutrient Cycling in Lake Kivu

Lake Kivu ◽  
2012 ◽  
pp. 31-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natacha Pasche ◽  
Fabrice A. Muvundja ◽  
Martin Schmid ◽  
Alfred Wüest ◽  
Beat Müller
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Cycling ◽  
Lake Kivu
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