P1-480: Influence of aggregation of vascular risk factors on neuropsychological performance and white matter lesions in early Alzheimer's disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. S267-S267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Tay ◽  
Wee Shiong Lim ◽  
Peng Chew Mark Chan ◽  
Mei Sian Chong ◽  
Yih Yian Sitoh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
White Matter ◽  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
Vascular Risk Factors ◽  
Neuropsychological Performance ◽  
Vascular Risk ◽  
Early Alzheimer’S Disease

Vascular risk factors and the effect of white matter lesions on extrapyramidal signs in Alzheimer's disease

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 780-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moon Ho Park ◽  
Joo Young Min ◽  
Do-Young Kwon ◽  
Seung Hwan Lee ◽  
Hae Ri Na ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
White Matter ◽  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
Postural Instability ◽  
Vascular Risk Factors ◽  
Vascular Risk ◽  
Postural Instability Gait Difficulty ◽  
Extrapyramidal Signs

ABSTRACTBackground: Extrapyramidal signs (EPSs), which are important characteristics of Parkinson's disease (PD), occur frequently in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although AD and PD share common clinical features such as EPSs, these diseases vary with respect to vascular risk factors. The presence of vascular risk factors increases the risk of AD; however, these factors have been known to be inversely associated with PD. We aimed to assess the effect of vascular risk factors and white matter lesions (WMLs) on EPSs in AD.Methods: We recruited 1,187 AD patients and 333 controls with neither cognitive impairment nor EPSs. All participants underwent detailed clinical evaluations which included assessments of vascular risk factors, cognitive function, and EPSs, as well as WMLs on brain MRIs. EPS subtypes were classified into tremor-dominant, postural instability gait difficulty, or indeterminate; WMLs subtypes were classified into periventricular WML (pvWML) or deep WML (dWML).Results: EPSs were present in 17.9% of subjects with AD and were significantly associated with vascular risk factors such as age, male gender, diabetes mellitus, and WMLs. Additionally, a multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that EPSs in AD were associated with pvWML (odds ratio (OR), 1.61–2.52), not with dWML. With respect to EPS subtypes, the majority (78.4%) of EPSs in AD were postural instability gait difficulty, which was also associated with WMLs (OR 1.84–2.41), pvWML (OR 2.09–3.14), and dWML (OR 1.83–3.42).Conclusions: EPSs in AD are associated with selected vascular risk factors as well as WMLs.

scholarly journals IMAGING VASCULAR DISEASE AND AMYLOID IN THE AGING BRAIN: IMPLICATIONS FOR TREATMENT

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
S. Villeneuve ◽  
W.J. Jagust
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
Vascular Risk Factors ◽  
Amyloid Pet ◽  
Vascular Risk ◽  
Amyloid Burden

Vascular risk factors (e.g. hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes) are well known risk factors for Alzheimer’ disease. These vascular risk factors lead to vascular brain injuries, which also increase the likelihood of dementia. The advent of amyloid PET imaging has helped establish that vascular risk factors also lead to Alzheimer’s disease via pathways that are independent from vascular brain injuries, at least, when vascular brain injuries are measured as white matter lesions and infarcts. While vascular brain injuries (white matter lesions and infarcts) do not seem to influence amyloid pathology, some evidence from amyloid imaging suggests that increased vascular risk is related to increased amyloid burden. Furthermore, while vascular brain injuries and amyloid have an additive and independent impact on brain integrity, vascular risk factors might potentiate the impact of amyloid on cortical thickness on brain regions vulnerable to Alzheimer’s disease. New research should further explore and confirm, or refute, possible interactions between amyloid and vascular risk factors on brain integrity and cognition. Neuroimaging tools used to assess vascular brain integrity should also be expanded. Measuring cortical blood flow or damage to the capillary system might, for instance, give insight about how vascular risk factors can be associated to amyloid burden and impact. These findings also stress the need for monitoring vascular risk factors in midlife as a strategy for Alzheimer’s disease prevention.

scholarly journals Potentially Modifiable Risk Factors in the Development of Alzheimer’s Disease

US Neurology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Forstmeier ◽  
Andreas Maercker ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Vascular Risk Factors ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Vascular Risk

This article summarises empirical findings on major potentially modifiable risk factors in the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), drawing on data from longitudinal epidemiological studies on the incidence of AD or any-cause dementia. Risk factors investigated to date include cognitive ability, motivational ability, emotional health, physical activity, social activity and social network, vascular risk factors and nutrition. The authors find most empirical support for two main clusters of risk factors that also represent potential targets for prevention. First, an active and stimulating lifestyle including cognitive, social, and physical activities reduces the risk of AD. Second, the absence of vascular risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterol and obesity reduces the risk of AD. More prevention trials are warranted to investigate the preventative effects of an active and stimulating lifestyle on the one hand, and vascular health on the other, in delaying the onset of AD or slowing its progression.

scholarly journals Neuropsychological Deficit Profiles, Vascular Risk Factors, and Neuropathological Findings in Hispanic Older Adults with Autopsy-Confirmed Alzheimer’s Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 291-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gali H. Weissberger ◽  
Tamar H. Gollan ◽  
Mark W. Bondi ◽  
Daniel A. Nation ◽  
Lawrence A. Hansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Vascular Risk Factors ◽  
Vascular Risk ◽  
Neuropsychological Deficit

scholarly journals A Warning Index Used in Prescreening for Alzheimer’s Disease, Based on Self-Reported Cognitive Deficits and Vascular Risk Factors for Dementia in Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshioki Matsuzawa ◽  
Toshihiro Takata ◽  
Koichi Yokono ◽  
Hiroo Ueda ◽  
Kensuke Moriwaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Vascular Risk Factors ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Vascular Risk ◽  
Characteristic Analysis

Background/Aims. Diabetes might increase the risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). For detecting dementia, it is typical to obtain informants’ perceptions of cognitive deficits, but such interviews are usually difficult in routine care. We aimed to develop a model for predicting mild to moderate AD using a self-reported questionnaire and by evaluating vascular risk factors for dementia in elderly subjects with diabetes.Methods. We recruited 286 diabetic and 155 nondiabetic elderly subjects. There were 25 patients with AD and 261 cognitively normal individuals versus 30 with AD and 125 normal subjects, respectively. Each participant answered subjective questions on memory deficits and daily functioning. Information on vascular risk factors was obtained from clinical charts, and multivariate logistic regression was used to develop a model for predicting AD.Results. The predicted probabilities used in screening for AD in diabetic subjects constituted age, education, lower diastolic blood pressure, subjective complaints of memory dysfunction noticeable by others, and impaired medication, shopping, and travel outside a familiar locality. Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed a satisfactory discrimination for AD specific for diabetic elderly subjects, with 95.2% sensitivity and 90.6% specificity.Conclusion. This is the first useful index that can prescreen for AD in elderly subjects with diabetes.

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