P4-241: Early-to mid-life formal training in music is associated with improved late-life semantic and episodic memory among cognitively normal older adults

AbstractThe recently developed Everyday Cognition scales (ECog) measure multiple cognitively relevant functional domains (e.g., Everyday Memory, Everyday Language, Everyday Visuospatial abilities, and three everyday executive domains). The present study further evaluated the validity of the ECog by examining its relationship with objective measures of neuropsychological function, and neurobiological markers of disease as reflected by structural neuroimaging. Participants included 474 older adults (244 normals, 142 with MCI, 88 with dementia). The neuropsychological domains measured were episodic memory, semantic memory, spatial ability, and executive functioning. Brain MRI volumes included total brain (BV), hippocampus (HC) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Neuropsychological measures of episodic memory and executive function were most consistently related to the ECog domains; spatial abilities had a specific relationship to the Everyday Visuospatial ECog domain. HC and BV volumes were related to most ECog domains, while DLPFC volume was independently related to two everyday executive domains (Everyday Planning and Everyday Organization). The pattern of associations varied somewhat as a function of diagnosis. Episodic memory and HC had more consistent associations with the ECog domains in older adults with MCI/dementia than in cognitively normal elderly. (JINS, 2013,19, 1–12)

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Structural and functional connectivity uniquely contribute to explained variance in episodic memory performance in cognitively normal older adults

Alzheimer s & Dementia ◽

10.1002/alz.056324 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (S1) ◽

Author(s):

Kylie H. Alm ◽

Anja Soldan ◽

Corinne Pettigrew ◽

Andreia Faria ◽

Xirui Hou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Functional Connectivity ◽

Episodic Memory ◽

Memory Performance ◽

Cognitively Normal ◽

Explained Variance

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P3-495: VERBAL EPISODIC MEMORY IS PREFERENTIALLY RELATED TO WHITE MATTER INTEGRITY IN COGNITIVELY NORMAL OLDER ADULTS: THE VANDERBILT MEMORY & AGING PROJECT

Alzheimer s & Dementia ◽

10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.1859 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 14 (7S_Part_24) ◽

pp. P1311-P1312

Author(s):

Katherine A. Gifford ◽

Maxim Turchan ◽

Dandan Liu ◽

Timothy J. Hohman ◽

Kimberly R. Pechman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

White Matter ◽

Episodic Memory ◽

White Matter Integrity ◽

Cognitively Normal ◽

Verbal Episodic Memory

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Positive Psychosocial Factors and Cognitive Decline in Ethnically Diverse Older Adults

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society ◽

10.1017/s1355617720000648 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Laura B. Zahodne ◽

Neika Sharifian ◽

Ann Zarina Kraal ◽

Ketlyne Sol ◽

Afsara B. Zaheed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Episodic Memory ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Ethnic Groups ◽

Psychosocial Factors ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Late Life ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Standard Deviation Increase

Abstract Objectives: Previous cross-sectional studies have documented associations between positive psychosocial factors, such as self-efficacy and emotional support, and late-life cognition. Further, the magnitudes of concurrent associations may differ across racial and ethnic groups that differ in Alzheimer’s disease risk. The goals of this longitudinal study were to characterize prospective associations between positive psychosocial factors and cognitive decline and explicitly test for differential impact across race and ethnicity. Methods: 578 older adults (42% non-Hispanic Black, 31% non-Hispanic White, and 28% Hispanic) in the Washington Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project completed cognitive and psychosocial measures from the NIH Toolbox and standard neuropsychological tests over 2.4 years. Latent difference scores were used to model associations between positive psychosocial factors and cognitive decline controlling for baseline cognition, sociodemographics, depressive symptoms, physical health, and other positive psychosocial factors. Multiple-group modeling was used to test interactions between the positive psychosocial factors and race/ethnicity. Results: Higher NIH Toolbox Friendship scores predicted less episodic memory decline. One standard deviation increase in friendship corresponded to 6 fewer years of memory aging. This association did not significantly differ across racial/ethnic groups. Conclusions: This longitudinal study provides support for the potential importance of friendships for subsequent episodic memory trajectories among older adults from three ethnic groups. Further study into culturally informed interventions is needed to investigate whether and how friend networks may be targeted to promote cognitive health in late life.

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[P3-380]: CHANGES IN WHITE MATTER INTEGRITY AND CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW IN THE EPISODIC MEMORY NETWORK IN COGNITIVELY NORMAL OLDER ADULTS WITH β-AMYLOID PATHOLOGY

Alzheimer s & Dementia ◽

10.1016/j.jalz.2017.06.1596 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 13 (7S_Part_23) ◽

pp. P1105-P1105

Author(s):

Ann E. Levitanus ◽

Hwamee Oh

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

White Matter ◽

Episodic Memory ◽

White Matter Integrity ◽

Cognitively Normal ◽

Amyloid Pathology ◽

Memory Network ◽

Β Amyloid

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Hippocampal and cortical mechanisms at retrieval explain variability in episodic remembering in older adults

eLife ◽

10.7554/elife.55335 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Alexandra N Trelle ◽

Valerie A Carr ◽

Scott A Guerin ◽

Monica K Thieu ◽

Manasi Jayakumar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Episodic Memory ◽

Memory Decline ◽

Cognitively Normal ◽

Pattern Completion ◽

Age Related ◽

Hippocampal Activity ◽

Fundamental Process ◽

Individual Memory ◽

The Relationship

Age-related episodic memory decline is characterized by striking heterogeneity across individuals. Hippocampal pattern completion is a fundamental process supporting episodic memory. Yet, the degree to which this mechanism is impaired with age, and contributes to variability in episodic memory, remains unclear. We combine univariate and multivariate analyses of fMRI data from a large cohort of cognitively normal older adults (N=100) to measure hippocampal activity and cortical reinstatement during retrieval of trial-unique associations. Trial-wise analyses revealed that (a) hippocampal activity scaled with reinstatement strength, (b) cortical reinstatement partially mediated the relationship between hippocampal activity and associative retrieval, (c) older age weakened cortical reinstatement and its relationship to memory behaviour. Moreover, individual differences in the strength of hippocampal activity and cortical reinstatement explained unique variance in performance across multiple assays of episodic memory. These results indicate that fMRI indices of hippocampal pattern completion explain within- and across-individual memory variability in older adults.

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Hippocampal and cortical mechanisms at retrieval explain variability in episodic remembering in older adults

10.1101/2020.02.11.940668 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Alexandra N. Trelle ◽

Valerie A. Carr ◽

Scott A. Guerin ◽

Monica K. Thieu ◽

Manasi Jayakumar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Episodic Memory ◽

Multivariate Analyses ◽

Memory Decline ◽

Cognitively Normal ◽

Pattern Completion ◽

Age Related ◽

Hippocampal Activity ◽

Fundamental Process ◽

Individual Memory

Age-related episodic memory decline is characterized by striking heterogeneity across individuals. Hippocampal pattern completion is a fundamental process supporting episodic memory. Yet, the degree to which this mechanism is impaired with age, and contributes to variability in episodic memory, remains unclear. We combine univariate and multivariate analyses of fMRI data from a large cohort of cognitively normal older adults (N=100; 60-82 yrs) to measure hippocampal activity and cortical reinstatement during retrieval of trial-unique associations. Trial-wise analyses revealed that hippocampal activity predicted cortical reinstatement strength, and these two metrics of pattern completion independently predicted retrieval success. However, increased age weakened cortical reinstatement and its relationship to memory behaviour. Critically, individual differences in the strength of hippocampal activity and cortical reinstatement explained unique variance in performance across multiple assays of episodic memory. These results indicate that fMRI indices of hippocampal pattern completion explain within- and across-individual memory variability in older adults.

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Recognition Memory Dysfunction Relates to Hippocampal Subfield Volume: A Study of Cognitively Normal and Mildly Impaired Older Adults

The Journals of Gerontology Series B ◽

10.1093/geronb/gbx181 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 74 (7) ◽

pp. 1132-1141 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Ilana J Bennett ◽

Shauna M Stark ◽

Craig E L Stark

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Recognition Memory ◽

Episodic Memory ◽

Dentate Gyrus ◽

Memory Performance ◽

Temporal Cortex ◽

Memory Dysfunction ◽

Cognitively Normal ◽

Hippocampal Subfields ◽

And Function

Abstract Objectives The current study examined recognition memory dysfunction and its neuroanatomical substrates in cognitively normal older adults and those diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods Participants completed the Mnemonic Similarity Task, which provides simultaneous measures of recognition memory and mnemonic discrimination. They also underwent structural neuroimaging to assess volume of medial temporal cortex and hippocampal subfields. Results As expected, individuals diagnosed with MCI had significantly worse recognition memory performance and reduced volume across medial temporal cortex and hippocampal subfields relative to cognitively normal older adults. After controlling for diagnostic group differences, however, recognition memory was significantly related to whole hippocampus volume, and to volume of the dentate gyrus/CA3 subfield in particular. Recognition memory was also related to mnemonic discrimination, a fundamental component of episodic memory that has previously been linked to dentate gyrus/CA3 structure and function. Discussion Results reveal that hippocampal subfield volume is sensitive to individual differences in recognition memory in older adults independent of clinical diagnosis. This supports the notion that episodic memory declines along a continuum within this age group, not just between diagnostic groups.

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