P4-171: DEMENTIA PATIENTS ARE MORE SEDENTARY AND LESS PHYSICALLY ACTIVE THAN AGE- AND SEX-MATCHED COGNITIVELY HEALTHY OLDER ADULTS

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (7S_Part_28) ◽  
pp. P1504-P1505
Author(s):  
Esther G.A. Karssemeijer ◽  
Yvonne A.W. Hartman ◽  
Lisanne E.A.M. van Diepen ◽  
Marcel G.M. Olde Rikkert ◽  
Dick H.J. Thijssen
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
Age And Sex

Processing gender stereotypes in dementia patients and older healthy adults: a self-paced reading study

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (s2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Müller-Feldmeth ◽  
Katharina Ahnefeld ◽  
Adriana Hanulíková
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Sentence Processing ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
Age Related

AbstractWe used self-paced reading to examine whether stereotypical associations of verbs with women or men as prototypical agents (e.g. the craftsman knits a sweater) are activated during sentence processing in dementia patients and healthy older adults. Effects of stereotypical knowledge on language processing have frequently been observed in young adults, but little is known about age-related changes in the activation and integration of stereotypical information. While syntactic processing may remain intact, semantic capacities are often affected in dementia. Since inferences based on gender stereotypes draw on social and world knowledge, access to stereotype information may also be affected in dementia patients. Results from dementia patients (n = 9, average age 86.6) and healthy older adults (n = 14, average age 79.5) showed slower reading times and less accuracy in comprehension scores for dementia patients compared to the control group. While activation of stereotypical associations of verbs was visible in both groups, they differed with respect to the time-course of processing. The effect of stereotypes on comprehension accuracy was visible for healthy adults only. The evidence from reading times suggests that older adults with and without dementia engage stereotypical inferences during reading, which is in line with research on young adults.

scholarly journals Are there associations with age and sex in walking stability in healthy older adults?

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daan van Kooten ◽  
Florentina Hettinga ◽  
Kim Duffy ◽  
Jo Jackson ◽  
Matthew J.D. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Age And Sex

scholarly journals A Systematic Review on the Cognitive Benefits and Neurophysiological Correlates of Exergaming in Healthy Older Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Stojan ◽  
Claudia Voelcker-Rehage
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Cognitive Outcomes ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Video Gaming ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Cognitive Benefits

Human aging is associated with structural and functional brain deteriorations and a corresponding cognitive decline. Exergaming (i.e., physically active video-gaming) has been supposed to attenuate age-related brain deteriorations and may even improve cognitive functions in healthy older adults. Effects of exergaming, however, vary largely across studies. Moreover, the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms by which exergaming may affect cognitive and brain function are still poorly understood. Therefore, we systematically reviewed the effects of exergame interventions on cognitive outcomes and neurophysiological correlates in healthy older adults (>60 years). After screening 2709 studies (Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Pubmed, Scopus), we found 15 eligible studies, four of which comprised neurophysiological measures. Most studies reported within group improvements in exergamers and favorable interaction effects compared to passive controls. Fewer studies found superior effects of exergaming over physically active control groups and, if so, solely for executive functions. Regarding individual cognitive domains, results showed no consistence. Positive effects on neurophysiological outcomes were present in all respective studies. In summary, exergaming seems to be equally or slightly more effective than other physical interventions on cognitive functions in healthy older adults. Tailored interventions using well-considered exergames and intervention designs, however, may result in more distinct effects on cognitive functions.

Anxiety Reduction Through Close Communication with Robotic Media in Dementia Patients and Healthy Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-42
Author(s):  
Ryuji Yamazaki ◽  
Hiroko Kase ◽  
Shuichi Nishio ◽  
Hiroshi Ishiguro ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Anxiety Reduction ◽  
Media Effect ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
The Media ◽  
Assessment Scales

The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the recent research on android robotic media with a focus on its effects on older adults and to present a discussion on the implications of the experimental results. Social isolation of older adults is a leading issue in healthcare. Patients with dementia experience symptoms, such as agitation, which can result in increasing care burden. Android robotic media have been shown to provide a feeling of safety and communication support to older adults. In previous case studies, an increase in prosocial behaviors was observed in participants with dementia; however, the media effects needed to be measured by assessment scales. The current results indicate the effects of robotic media on dementia symptoms, especially the decrease in patients’ anxiety. As demonstrated in another experiment, anxiety reduction can also be expected in healthy older adults; however, certain conditions may be required for both healthy older adults and those with dementia. Key factors for the media effect, namely, dementia type, user’s personality, and personalized dialogue are taken into consideration for the further development of robotic systems. Additionally, we further discuss the significance of long-term data collection, especially from the early life stages because teleoperation or autonomous systems are expected to utilize information that can affect the effect of robotic media.

scholarly journals Age and Sex Distributions of Age-Related Biomarker Values in Healthy Older Adults from the Long Life Family Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. e189-e194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Sebastiani ◽  
Bharat Thyagarajan ◽  
Fangui Sun ◽  
Lawrence S. Honig ◽  
Nicole Schupf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Family Study ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Long Life ◽  
Age And Sex

Neuropsychological networks in cognitively healthy older adults and dementia patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Angel Nevado ◽  
David Del Rio ◽  
Javier Pacios-Garcia ◽  
Fernando Maestú
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Dementia Patients

scholarly journals Physically active lifestyle is associated with attenuation of hippocampal dysfunction in healthy older adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamir Eisenstein ◽  
Nir Giladi ◽  
Talma Hendler ◽  
Ofer Havakuk ◽  
Yulia Lerner
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Memory Encoding ◽  
Hippocampal Function ◽  
Active Lifestyle ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Hippocampal Dysfunction ◽  
Cognitively Intact

Alterations in hippocampal function have been shown in older adults, expressed as changes in hippocampal activity and connectivity. While hippocampal activation during memory demands have been demonstrated to decrease with age, some older individuals present increased activity, or hyperactivity, of the hippocampus which is associated with increased neuropathology and poorer memory function. In addition, lower functional coherence between the hippocampus and core hubs of the default mode network (DMN), namely the posteromedial and medial prefrontal cortices, as well as increased local intrahippocampal connectivity, were also demonstrated in cognitively intact older adults. Aerobic exercise has been shown to elicit neuroprotective effects on hippocampal structure and vasculature in aging, and improvements in maximal aerobic capacity (MAC) have been suggested to mediate these exercise-related effects. However, how these lifestyle factors relate to hippocampal function is not clear. Fifty-two cognitively intact older adults (age 65-80) have been recruited and divided into physically active (n=29) or non-active (n=23) groups based on their aerobic activity lifestyle habits. Participants underwent resting-state as well as task-based fMRI experiments which included an associative memory encoding paradigm followed by a post-scan memory recognition test. In addition, forty-four participants also performed cardiopulmonary exercise tests to evaluate MAC. While both groups demonstrated increased anterior hippocampal activation during memory encoding, physically active lifestyle was associated with significantly lower activity level and higher memory performance in the recognition task. In addition, the physically active group also demonstrated higher functional connectivity of the anterior and posterior hippocampi with the core hubs of the DMN, and lower local intra-hippocampal connectivity within and between hemispheres. MAC was negatively associated with hippocampal activation level and demonstrated positive correlation with hippocampal-DMN connectivity. According to these findings, aerobically active lifestyle may be associated with attenuation of hippocampal dysfunction in cognitively healthy older adults.

Older Adults’ Objectively Monitored Walking Behaviors and the Factors that Shape Them

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
Catrine Tudor-Locke ◽  
Stephanie Broyles
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Collective Knowledge ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Active Lifestyle ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Individual Program ◽  
Apparently Healthy

The focus of a physically active lifestyle for older adults is to preserve functional mobility and delay losses associated with decrepitude in later years. Since ambulation is of utmost importance to older adults’ mobility, the purpose of this nonexhaustive review is to consider older adults’ walking behaviors objectively captured as steps/day and the factors that shape them. Summarized evidence currently indicates that apparently healthy older adults accumulate between 2,000–9,000 steps/day and that older adults living with disabilities and/or chronic conditions average approximately 1,200–8,800 steps/day. The scientific body of objectively monitored knowledge focused on potential individual, program, and contextual factors that shape older adults’ walking behaviors expressed as steps/day (i.e., their ability to and practice of getting “out and about”) is infantile at this time. We provide a simple research agenda to spark scholarly efforts to address research gaps and opportunities in the collective knowledge base.

scholarly journals Differences in muscle thickness and echo intensity between stroke survivors and age- and sex-matched healthy older adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-194
Author(s):  
Hiroki MONJO ◽  
Yoshihiro FUKUMOTO ◽  
Tsuyoshi ASAI ◽  
Hiroki KUBO ◽  
Kensuke OHSHIMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Echo Intensity ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Age And Sex

scholarly journals Age- and sex-matched comparison of diet quality in patients with heart failure to similarly aged healthy older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
JungHee Kang ◽  
Debra K. Moser ◽  
Martha J. Biddle ◽  
GYeon Oh ◽  
Terry A. Lennie
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiency ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Patients With Heart Failure ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract The aims of this study were to (1) compare diet quality between patients with heart failure (HF) and age- and sex-matched community-dwelling healthy older adults and (2) determine whether having HF was associated with a lower Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) score and risk of micronutrient deficiency. The HEI-2015 and macro- and micronutrient intakes of patients with HF were compared with healthy older adults (N 102; 55–92 years old; 53 % female). A paired t-test or Wilcoxon singed-rank test, McNemar's test, and conditional logistic regression were used to assess the association between diet quality and HF status. Median values for HEI-2015 and the number of micronutrient deficiency were used to dichotomise into groups in the conditional logistic regression. There was no significant between-group difference in the HEI-2015 total score (P 0⋅059), whereas the whole grain component was lower in patients with HF than in healthy older adults (3⋅1 ± 3⋅5 v. 4⋅5 ± 3⋅1, P 0⋅037; respectively). Total caloric intake was lower in patients with HF than in healthy older adults (1683 ± 595 v. 2104 ± 670 kcal; P < 0⋅001). Patients with HF had a higher average number of micronutrient deficiencies than healthy older adults (4[2, 6] v. 1[0, 4], respectively, P < 0⋅001). Patients with HF had four times higher odds of being in a high micronutrient deficiency group than healthy older adults, controlling for socio-demographics and body mass index (adjusted odds ratio [95 % confidence interval]: 4⋅04[1⋅06, 15⋅41]). Our findings demonstrate that diet quality measured by nutritional intake identifies patients with HF with lower caloric intake and higher micronutrient deficiencies compared with age- and sex-matched healthy older adults.

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