Bone mineral density, hand grip strength, smoking status and physical activity in Polish young men

We thought that grip strength in patients with IDDM would be associated with hand BMD of patients and we thought that patients with IDDM have lower hand BMD than normal subjects.Therefore in this study, the evaluation of the relationship between hand grip strength and hand bone mineral density in healthy children and in children with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus was studied. The hand grip strength, hand and axial bone mineral density of patients were also compared to age-matched healthy controls. We studied 31 consecutive outpatients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus defined in accordance to the World Health Organization criteria, who attended to the diabetic outpatient clinic. Thirty two healthy children were included as control group. There were no differences in the age, body mass index, bone age, serum Ca and P levels between the diabetic patients and the controls (p > 0.05). There were no significant differences between the groups in hand grip strength, total hand and axial bone mineral density (p > 0.05). There were significant correlations between hand grip strength and hand bone mineral density r = 0.824, p = 0.000), axial bone mineral density (r = 0.714, p = 0.000), bone age (r = 0.830, p = 0.000) and duration of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus in the diabetic group (r = 0.463, p = 0.009). When linear multiple regression analysis was performed hand grip strength and bone age were independent predictors of hand BMD (p < 0.05). We found that hand grip strength significantly correlated with the hand and axial bone mineral density in patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. We suggest that strengthening exercises should be encouraged to increase bone mineral density in these patients.

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Evaluation of Relationships between Menopause Onset Age and Bone Mineral Density and Muscle Strength in Women from South-Western Poland

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2020/5410253 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Jarosław Fugiel ◽

Zofia Ignasiak ◽

Anna Skrzek ◽

Teresa Sławińska

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Onset Age ◽

Test Results ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Early Menopause ◽

Hand Grip ◽

Menopausal Women

Introduction. The onset of the menopause entails numerous changes, both physical and mental, in the functioning of the bodies of women. Moreover, the early menopause increases the risk of occurrence of many civilization-related diseases. Major factors contributing to health deficits include lowered bone mineral density and sarcopenia, which can result in serious functional limitations and the acceleration of ageing processes in the body. The aim of this study was to determine how the menopause onset age is linked with bone mineral density and the strength of selected muscles of the limbs and the trunk. Material and Methods. 756 women aged 50-80 years were subjected to tests. The subjects were divided into three groups: (I) from 50 to 59 years, (II) from 60 to 69 years, and (III) from 70 to 79 years. Each of the women specified the age when her final menstrual period occurred. On this basis, groups of women with (1) the early menopause—before the 50th year of life—and (2) with the late menopause—after the 50th year of life—were distinguished. Bone mineral density (BMD), dominant hand grip strength, knee extensor and flexor strength, and functional upper and lower body muscle strength were determined in each of the women. Results. The test results indicate differences in levels of muscle strength and BMD between the 50-year-old early- and late-menopausal women. The late-menopausal women score better motor ability test results and higher BMD values. The differences decrease in the groups of 60-year-old women, whereas the 70-year-old early- and late-menopausal women score similar results. Conclusions. A higher percentage of women with a lowered bone mass and a lower strength level was found in the group of early-menopausal subjects. The rate of decline in hand grip strength, the functional efficiency of the upper and lower limbs, and BMD is faster in the late-menopausal women, whereby the two groups of 70-year-old women score similar test results.

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Physical Activity in Adolescence Has a Positive Effect on Bone Mineral Density in Young Men

Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.3961/jpmph.2013.46.2.89 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 89-95 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Jinhyun Kim ◽

Moonki Jung ◽

Yeon-pyo Hong ◽

Jung-Duck Park ◽

Byung-Sun Choi

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Young Men ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Positive Effect

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Bone Mineral Density, Body Composition, Physical Activity Level, Muscle Strength and Smoking Status in Adults Men After Spinal Cord Injuries

10.21203/rs.3.rs-557612/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anna Kopiczko ◽

Joanna Cieplińska

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Spinal Cord ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Physical Activity Level ◽

Spinal Cord Injuries ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Activity Level ◽

Mineral Density

Abstract Background In this cross-sectional study we aimed to investigate the association of physical activity level, muscle strength, body composition and smoking status with bone mineral density in adults men after spinal cord injuries. Methods The study covered 50 men after spinal cord injuries aged 35.6 ± 4.9 years (25 wheelchair rugby players and 25 without sports training). Bone mineral density was measured by densitometry. Body Mass Index and body fat percentage was calculated. Fat mass and fat-free mass were estimated from somatic. An interview method using the Global Adult Tobacco Survey. Muscle strength- maximal hand grip strength was measured using a Jamar dynamometer. Results The active men after SCI were significantly higher bone parameters BMD prox, BMC dis and prox, and T-score prox (large effect). Of all the variables analysed, the strongest relationships with bone parameters were consistently found for PA, FM, and age. The strength of bone status relationships with PA is mostly higher than that of the relationships with FM except BMD dis (F = 4.4 v. 12.4). The BMC parameter proved to be the most reliable (for both dis and prox) and the highest values of R^2 corr were found, ranging at 7–8% of the analysed set of traits exhausting the variance of this parameter. HGS and AS in years proved to be relevant only for BMD dis. Age when injury occurred (years) proved to be relevant only for T-score prox. Nonsmoking activity men after SCI had the most advantageous values of means BMD in forearm. Conclusion Despite its high injury rates, rugby can be considered a sport that has a beneficial effect on BMD. Physical activity level in the form of 5 and more years wheelchair rugby training has been shown to be the strongest factor affecting bone health. Active smoking especially in rugby players influenced lower averaged BMD values.

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