Metabolic disorders associated with early menopause in the female population of Eastern Siberia: results of a cross-sectional study

Background. Menopause is an independent predictor of the development of metabolic syndrome, in the pathogenesis of which insulin resistance plays a leading role. Early menopause occurs in 5 % of women and, according to several studies, is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is one of the leading causes of death. The features of the course of metabolic syndrome in women with early menopause have not been sufficiently studied.The aim: to establish the prevalence of early menopause and its metabolic complications in the female population of Eastern Siberia.Materials and methods. The study population included 2695 women aged 18 to 80 years, who underwent the annual medical examination. The period of the study was March 2016 – December 2019. Among the surveyed women of 41–45 years old, a group of patients with early menopause (n = 18) and controls (n = 25) were identified. The diagnosis was made according to the STRAW criteria. The study used clinical, instrumental and laboratory research methods, including the assessment of hormonal and biochemical parameters, as well as the assessment of questionnaire data and statistical analysis.Results. The examined women with early menopause have an increase in BMI, waist volume, arterial hypertension, and an increase in the level of triglycerides and gonadotropic hormones. These changes potentially underlie the relationship between menopause and cardio-metabolic disease.Conclusion. These findings indicate the need to monitor the hormonal and metabolic parameters in this category of women to ensure timely prevention and correction of long-term complications associated with early menopause.

Efektivitas Konsumsi Bahan Olahan Kedelai terhadap Usia Menopause

The increasing number of menopause in an area is triggered by the number of women experiencing early menopause. This can be minimized if women often consume foods that contain isoflavones that we can find in soybeans. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of consumption of processed soy materials on menopause age in Gorontalo City Health Center. The type of research is Analytical Survey with a cross-sectional approach which was carried out from June 2016 to July 2016 The number of respondents was 50 people, who were interviewed using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). This study used a purposive sampling technique. The results of the study were based on the chi-square test analysis with a significance degree of = 0.05 with the result that there was an effectiveness of processed soybean ingredients with menopause age in Gorontalo City Health Center, with the acquisition of the Sig value. (2-sided) is 0.000 with a value of = 0.05 = (0.000 < 0.05%). The conclusion obtained is that the consumption of processed soybean ingredients is effective with menopause age in Gorontalo City Health Center.

Hubungan Usia Menarche dengan Usia Menopause

Menopause and menarche are very natural events and definitely happen to a woman. The theory states that the age of menarche is related to the age at menopause. But the existing phenomenon is that currently many women experience menopause at a slower pace, even though several decades ago they experienced a lot of slow menarche, so it should be possible to predict when they experience early menopause. Therefore, researchers are interested in examining the relationship between the age of menarche and the age of menopause. This type of research is analytic observational, with cross sectional design, the population used is all women who have menopause as many as 200 people. The sampling technique used simple random sampling, obtained a sample size of 67 respondents. Data collection uses primary data with a check list instrument. Data analysis used the Spearman rank test, with a significance value of 5% (0.05). The results of this study showed that 14 respondents (20.9%) experienced menarche tarda and normal menopause, 17 menarche with normal menopause, 10 menarche tarda early menopause (14 9%). The results of the Spearman rank analysis of the relationship between the age of menarche and the age of menopause, the rho value is -0.388 with a tcount of 3.394 (t table = 1.998). Ho is rejected if tcount ≥ ttable. This means 3,394> 1,998. This shows that there is a relationship with a negative correlation. It is concluded that there is a relationship between the age of menarche and the age of menopause with a negative correlation. Where if someone experiences precocious menarche age, there is a tendency to experience menopause at an older age and vice versa if someone experiences menarche tarda then they tend to experience early menopause. The age of menopause is influenced by many factors, including psychological factors, heredity, number of children, age at birth, use of contraception, socioeconomic conditions, chronic disease, age of menarche. And it turns out that the age of menarche is still related to the age of menopause. This can be used as an input for a woman to prepare herself for menopause.

An Autoethnographic Performance: The Researcher’s Story of Hysterectomy and Menopause as Act of Resistance and Activism

One year after beginning a large-scale research inquiry into how young people construct their identities I became ill and subsequently underwent abdominal surgery which triggered an early menopause. The process which was experienced as creatively bruising called to be written as “Artful Autoethnography” using visual images and poetry to tell a “vulnerable, evocative and therapeutic” story of illness, menopause, and their subject positions in intersecting relations of power. The process which was experienced as disempowering called to be performed as an act of resistance and activism. This performance ethnography is in line with the call for qualitative inquirers to move beyond strict methodological boundaries. In particular, the voice of activism in this performance is in the space between data (human voice and visual art pieces) and theory. To this end, and in resisting stratifying institutional/medical discourse, the performance attempts to create a space for a merger of ethnography and activism in public/private life.

RISK FACTORS FOR EARLY NATURAL MENOPAUSE: EVIDENCE FROM THE 1958 AND 1970 BRITISH BIRTH COHORTS

Using data from two generations of British women followed from birth through childhood and into adulthood, we investigate risk factors for the onset of natural menopause before the age of 45 (known as early menopause). We focus on key stages during the life course to understand when risk factors are particularly harmful. We find that earlier cessation of menstruation is influenced by circumstances at birth. Women born in lower social class families, whose mother smoked during the pregnancy or who were short-term breastfed (one month or less) were more likely to undergo menopause before 45. Early menopause is also associated with poorer cognitive ability and smoking in childhood. Adult health behaviour also matters. Smoking is positively correlated with early menopause, while regular exercise (one to several times a week) and moderate frequency of alcohol drinking (one to three times a month) in women's early thirties are associated with a reduced risk of early menopause. The occurrence of gynaecological problems by women's early thirties is also linked to early menopause. We note that some of these factors (e.g. health behaviours) are modifiable and thus the risks may be preventable.