Carbon emissions embodied in China–Australia trade: A scenario analysis based on input–output analysis and panel regression models

Cities are a major source of carbon emissions and should play an important role in reducing carbon emissions. This study applies the method of multi-scale input–output analysis (MSIO) to analyze the consumption-based carbon emissions of Tianjin in 2012. This method can estimate the carbon emissions embodied in imported products. The results reveal that the production-based carbon emissions of Tianjin were 1.52 × 108 tonnes CO2 in 2012, which had increased over 50% since 2007. Meanwhile, the consumption-based carbon emissions of Tianjin city were 2.55 × 108 tonnes CO2, 1.71 times higher than those in 2007 and 1.67 times the amount of production-based carbon emissions in 2012. Regarding the total embodied carbon emissions involved in the Tianjin economy in 2012, about 6% were from foreign countries, over 60% were from other regions of China, and only one-third were territorial-based or production-based carbon emissions. Correspondingly, Tianjin respectively exported 11% and 34% of the total embodied carbon emissions to foreign countries and other regions in China, while over half were embodied in the local final demand. Tianjin was a carbon budget importer in domestic trade and an exporter in international trade in both 2007 and 2012. However, when both domestic and international trades are considered, Tianjin had shifted from a carbon budget exporter in 2007 to an importer in 2012. Since 2007, the carbon nexus between Tianjin and other regions in China had become much closer (carbon emissions embodied in domestic trade increased 103.47%), but the connection with foreign countries became looser (carbon emissions embodied in international trade decreased 21.96%). Compared to Beijing in 2012, it is evident that there were less carbon emission transfer issues for Tianjin city.

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Quantifying city-scale carbon emissions of the construction sector based on multi-regional input-output analysis

Resources Conservation and Recycling ◽

10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.05.013 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 149 ◽

pp. 75-85 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Cathy C.W. Hung ◽

Shu-Chien Hsu ◽

Kuang-Ly Cheng

Keyword(s):

Carbon Emissions ◽

Construction Sector ◽

Input Output ◽

Output Analysis ◽

Input Output Analysis

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Assessing the carbon footprint of tourism businesses using Environmentally Extended Input-Output analysis

10.31235/osf.io/49h5q ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Csilla Demeter ◽

Pei-Chun Lin ◽

Ya-Yen Sun ◽

Sara Dolnicar

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle Assessment ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Carbon Emissions ◽

Traditional Approach ◽

Tourism Industry ◽

Input Output ◽

Output Analysis ◽

Input Output Analysis ◽

Data Analyst ◽

User Friendly

The tourism industry contributes eight percent to global carbon emissions, directly and indirectly. Indirect carbon emissions are often neglected because they are difficult to calculate. The traditional approach to calculating indirect emissions – Life Cycle Assessment – is expensive and requires an expert data analyst. We introduce an alternative approach, the Environmentally Extended Input-Output Analysis. We show how this approach – currently used at macro-level to estimate carbon emissions at national or regional level – can be applied to the business level using carbon emissions generated by one hotel room clean as an example. Our comparative analysis shows that Environmentally Extended Input-Output Analysis leads to similar results as Life Cycle Assessment, while being substantially cheaper and more user-friendly. Environmentally Extended Input-Output Analysis, we conclude, enables tourism businesses to estimate the indirect carbon emissions of their operations, which is the key to identifying target areas for improvement.

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