An overview of the current status of national reporting systems for adverse reactions to dental materials

Abstract Crime statistics provide innate knowledge on different types of crimes, their jurisdictions, current status and future predictive trends in society. This research paper is based on the review of data available in the national open access publication of crime data in the country. It focuses on arson offences in India for the last decade from 2009 to 2018. It is important to study national crime statistics to enhance policing and criminological studies in different trends encountered through research. Explaining the trends of a crime in a country can help in establishing better policies, reporting systems, investigative methods and ultimately, a better criminal justice system. While Criminology studies have been generally focused on behavior, causes, etc. associated with violent crimes like offences against the body, violence against women, offences against children; this paper is aimed at discussing trends with respect to arson, a lesser known offence in our country.

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Sulfites—A Food and Drug Administration Review of Recalls and Reported Adverse Events

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x-67.8.1806 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 67 (8) ◽

pp. 1806-1811 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

BABGALEH TIMBO ◽

KATHLEEN M. KOEHLER ◽

CECILIA WOLYNIAK ◽

KARL C. KLONTZ

Keyword(s):

Drug Administration ◽

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Adverse Reactions ◽

Food And Drug Administration ◽

Study Data ◽

Current Status ◽

Food Labels ◽

Passive Surveillance ◽

The Public ◽

Passive Surveillance System

Sulfite-sensitive individuals can experience adverse reactions after consuming foods containing sulfiting agents (sulfites), and some of these reactions may be severe. In the 1980s and 1990s, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) acted to reduce the likelihood that sulfite-sensitive individuals would unknowingly consume foods containing sulfites. The FDA prohibited the use of sulfites on fruits and vegetables (except potatoes) to be served or presented fresh to the public and required that the presence of detectable levels of sulfites be declared on food labels, even when these sulfites are used as a processing aid or are a component of another ingredient in the food. In the present study, data from FDA recall records and adverse event reports were used to examine the current status of problems of sensitivity to sulfites in foods. From 1996 through 1999, the FDA processed a total of 59 recalls of foods containing undeclared sulfites; these 59 recalls involved 93 different food products. Fifty (55%) of the recalled products were classified as class I, a designation indicating that a consumer reasonably could have ingested ≥10 mg of undeclared sulfites on a single occasion, a level that could potentially cause a serious adverse reaction in a susceptible person. From 1996 through mid-1999, the FDA received a total of 34 reports of adverse reactions allegedly due to eating foods containing undeclared sulfites. The average of 10 reports per year, although derived from a passive surveillance system, was lower than the average of 111 reports per year that the FDA received from 1980 to 1987, a decrease that may have resulted in part from FDA regulatory action.

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Material Tissue Interaction—From Toxicity to Tissue Regeneration

Operative Dentistry ◽

10.2341/15-249-bl ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 117-131 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

G Schmalz ◽

M Widbiller ◽

KM Galler

Keyword(s):

Tissue Regeneration ◽

Adverse Reactions ◽

Dental Materials ◽

Test Methods ◽

Tissue Interaction ◽

Modifying Factors ◽

Wide Range ◽

Emerging Risk ◽

Dental Profession ◽

Argumentative Competence

SUMMARY The topic of material tissue interaction has gained increasing interest over recent decades from both the dental profession and the public. The primary goal initially was to avoid adverse reactions after the application of dental materials. New laboratory test methods have been developed, and currently premarket testing programs, which attempt to guarantee a basic level of patient safety, are legally required worldwide. The dentist is responsible for selecting the correct indication as well as the proper handling of any newly emerging risk. Apart from this phenomenon-oriented “inert materials concept,” the “analytical concept” focuses primarily on analyzing the reasons for adverse reactions, and identifying their associated modifying factors, in order to prevent them or to develop new and more biocompatible materials. The “concept of bioactivity” involves addressing the possibility of positively influencing tissue by materials application, such as the generation of tertiary dentin or antibacterial effects. Finally, tissue regeneration may be supported and promoted by the use of various suitable materials (matrices/scaffolds) into which stem cells can migrate or be seeded, leading to cell differentiation and the generation of new tissue. These new dental materials must also fulfill additional requirements such as controlled degradability in order to be suitable for clinical use. Clearly, the field of material tissue interaction is complex and comprises a wide range of issues. To be successful as dentists in the future, practitioners should remain informed of these important new developments and have the argumentative competence to both properly advise and treat their patients.

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Human coronaviruses and therapeutic drug discovery

Infectious Diseases of Poverty ◽

10.1186/s40249-021-00812-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lan-Gui Song ◽

Qing-Xing Xie ◽

Hui-Lin Lao ◽

Zhi-Yue Lv

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trials ◽

Drug Discovery ◽

Drug Development ◽

Adverse Reactions ◽

Current Status ◽

Therapeutic Drug ◽

Pharmacological Effects ◽

Comprehensive Understanding ◽

Human Coronaviruses ◽

Made In

Abstract Background Coronaviruses (CoVs) are distributed worldwide and have various susceptible hosts; CoVs infecting humans are called human coronaviruses (HCoVs). Although HCoV-specific drugs are still lacking, many potent targets for drug discovery are being explored, and many vigorously designed clinical trials are being carried out in an orderly manner. The aim of this review was to gain a comprehensive understanding of the current status of drug development against HCoVs, particularly severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Main text A scoping review was conducted by electronically searching research studies, reviews, and clinical trials in PubMed and the CNKI. Studies on HCoVs and therapeutic drug discovery published between January 2000 and October 2020 and in English or Chinese were included, and the information was summarized. Of the 3248 studies identified, 159 publication were finally included. Advances in drug development against HCoV, especially SARS-CoV-2, are summarized under three categories: antiviral drugs aimed at inhibiting the HCoV proliferation process, drugs acting on the host's immune system, and drugs derived from plants with potent activity. Furthermore, clinical trials of drugs targeting SARS-CoV-2 are summarized. Conclusions During the spread of COVID-19 outbreak, great efforts have been made in therapeutic drug discovery against the virus, although the pharmacological effects and adverse reactions of some drugs under study are still unclear. However, well-designed high-quality studies are needed to further study the effectiveness and safety of these potential drugs so as to provide valid recommendations for better control of the COVID-19 pandemic.

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The specificity of work at the Emergency Medical Services and the psychological support of medical rescuers

Pomeranian Journal of Life Sciences ◽

10.21164/pomjlifesci.600 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 65 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Grzegorz Wójcik ◽

Izabela Kaczmarek ◽

Krzysztof Zdziarski ◽

Konrad Jakubowski

Keyword(s):

Adverse Reactions ◽

Psychological Support ◽

Psychological Help ◽

Current Status ◽

Psychological Training ◽

Analysis Of Results ◽

Training Courses ◽

Positive Experiences ◽

Reducing Stress ◽

Possible Cause

Introduction: Professional work is an extremely important aspect of the life of an adult. Probably we all want to be satisfied with this, and not just financially. It can be a source of positive experiences, but also a huge negative burden. It often generates and provides us with many adverse reactions, strains or stresses. The aim of the study was to determine the current status of psychological support to Medical Rescue Teams, and the opinions of medical rescuers on the need for psychological help in their work.Materials and methods: A questionnaire was addressed to medical rescuers across the country; 115 respondents participated in the study. It was conducted in April 2016. A statistical analysis of results was performed using the statistical package PQStat ver. 1.6. Analyses of dependences were carried out with χ2 tests. Significance was considered at p < 0.05, and highly significant was taken at p < 0.01.Results: Almost 90% of respondents had never taken part in a psychological workshop. About 80% of medical rescuers had never participated in training courses on the techniques of relieving tension. In the workplaces of 98 (85.2%) of the medical rescuers, there had never been any group meetings held in which stress was relieved via conversation. Sometimes such meetings were held in the workplaces of 17 (14.8%) of the medical rescuers. More than the half of respondents, 72 (62.6%) people, believe that such meetings are definitely needed and could be effective.Conclusions: 1. The current level of psychological support for Medical Rescue Teams is negligible. Only in a few workplaces it is offered to the medical rescuers. The majority of the study group were not provided access to a psychologist. 2. Medical rescuers believe that the profession requires working with a psychologist, and this cooperation should be ensured by the employer. 3. In 85.2% of cases there were no conversational meetings after difficult actions, with analysis and relieving of emotional tensions. If such meetings were held, almost 90% of respondents would participate. 4. The current ways of reducing stress for medical rescuers are not always safe for their health and can lead to addictions. A possible cause is non-attendance by the majority in workshops on the techniques of relieving tension and psychological training.

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Doctors who provide information on adverse reactions to reporting systems deserve feedback,

Reactions Weekly ◽

10.2165/00128415-199304710-00002 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol &NA; (471) ◽

pp. 2

Author(s):

&NA;

Keyword(s):

Adverse Reactions ◽

Reporting Systems

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Patients' choice of dental treatment following examination at a specialty unit for adverse reactions to dental materials

Acta Odontologica Scandinavica ◽

10.1080/00016350410001694 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 62 (5) ◽

pp. 258-263 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Gunvor Bentung Lygre ◽

Nils Roar Gjerdet ◽

Lars Björkman

Keyword(s):

Adverse Reactions ◽

Dental Treatment ◽

Dental Materials

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Enhancing Patient Safety Event Reporting

Applied Clinical Informatics ◽

10.4338/aci-2016-02-r-0023 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 08 (03) ◽

pp. 893-909 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hong Kang ◽

Xinshuo Wu ◽

Lei Hua ◽

Yang Gong

Keyword(s):

Patient Safety ◽

System Design ◽

Improve Patient Safety ◽

Immature Stage ◽

Current Status ◽

Event Reporting ◽

Quality Reporting ◽

Safety Research ◽

Reporting Systems ◽

Safety Event

SummaryObjectives: Electronic patient safety event reporting (e-reporting) is an effective mechanism to learn from errors and enhance patient safety. Unfortunately, the value of e-reporting system (a software or web server based platform) in patient safety research is greatly overshadowed by low quality reporting. This paper aims at revealing the current status of system features, detecting potential gaps in system design, and accordingly proposing suggestions for future design and implementation of the system.Methods: Three literature databases were searched for publications that contain informative descriptions of e-reporting systems. In addition, both online publicly accessible reporting forms and systems were investigated.Results: 48 systems were identified and reviewed. 11 system design features and their frequencies of occurrence (Top 5: widgets (41), anonymity or confidentiality (29), hierarchy (20), validator (17), review notification (15)) were identified and summarized into a system hierarchical model.Conclusions: The model indicated the current e-reporting systems are at an immature stage in their development, and discussed their future development direction toward efficient and effective systems to improve patient safety.Citation: Gong Y, Kang H, Wu X, Hua L. Enhancing Patient Safety Event Reporting. Appl Clin Inform 2017; 8: 893–909 https://doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2016-02-R-0023

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