scholarly journals Material Tissue Interaction—From Toxicity to Tissue Regeneration

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Schmalz ◽  
M Widbiller ◽  
KM Galler
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Tissue Interaction ◽  
Modifying Factors ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Emerging Risk ◽  
Dental Profession ◽  
Argumentative Competence

SUMMARY The topic of material tissue interaction has gained increasing interest over recent decades from both the dental profession and the public. The primary goal initially was to avoid adverse reactions after the application of dental materials. New laboratory test methods have been developed, and currently premarket testing programs, which attempt to guarantee a basic level of patient safety, are legally required worldwide. The dentist is responsible for selecting the correct indication as well as the proper handling of any newly emerging risk. Apart from this phenomenon-oriented “inert materials concept,” the “analytical concept” focuses primarily on analyzing the reasons for adverse reactions, and identifying their associated modifying factors, in order to prevent them or to develop new and more biocompatible materials. The “concept of bioactivity” involves addressing the possibility of positively influencing tissue by materials application, such as the generation of tertiary dentin or antibacterial effects. Finally, tissue regeneration may be supported and promoted by the use of various suitable materials (matrices/scaffolds) into which stem cells can migrate or be seeded, leading to cell differentiation and the generation of new tissue. These new dental materials must also fulfill additional requirements such as controlled degradability in order to be suitable for clinical use. Clearly, the field of material tissue interaction is complex and comprises a wide range of issues. To be successful as dentists in the future, practitioners should remain informed of these important new developments and have the argumentative competence to both properly advise and treat their patients.

Effects of Atovaquone on the Ultrastructural Morphology of Pneumocystis Carinii

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (S2) ◽  
pp. 81-82
Author(s):  
M.P. Goheen ◽  
M.S. Bartlett ◽  
M.M. Shaw ◽  
S.R. Meshnick ◽  
J.W. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Pneumocystis Carinii ◽  
Spinner Flask ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Human Embryonic Lung ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Significant Incidence ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) occurs at some time in most patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole or pentamidine isothionate are the traditional modes of therapy for treatment and prophylaxis of PCP. Unfortunately these drugs are associated with a significant incidence of adverse side effects particularly in patients with AIDS. Toxicity and a growing concern that P. carinii strains are becoming resistant to these compounds is providing the impetus for the search for additional drugs to combat P. carinii. Atovaquone, developed as an antimalarial agent, has activity against a wide range of other organisms, including Toxoplasma sp. and P. carinii, with a lower incidence of adverse reactions during clinical trials. Atovaquone inhibits mitochondrial respiration in P. falciparum and P. carinii. In this study transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to observe the effects of atovaquone on P. carinii organisms in short term spinner flask culture.Spinner flask cultures of human embryonic lung cells were inoculated with P. carinii from infected rat lung.

Adverse reactions with the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-50
Author(s):  
M. L. Maksimov ◽  
N. M. Kiseleva ◽  
D. G. Semenikhin ◽  
B. K. Romanov
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Prevention Method ◽  
Effective Medication ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are included in a pharmacological group of drugs with different chemical structures providing anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic actions, as well as antiplatelet action to a certain degree. Unfortunately, NSAIDs can cause a wide range of adverse reactions (AR) posing a serious risk to the health and life of patients. Therefore, the rational use of NSAIDs should include methods for effective prevention of drug complications. Many NSAIDs have a pronounced therapeutic effect, simultaneously causing many undesirable effects, so the drug shall be chosen considering the development of predicted side effects and modern algorithms. According to clinical recommendations, risk factors and administration of safer NSAIDs shall be considered as the main prevention method. Besides, it is possible to protect the patient from the upper gastrointestinal tract complications using proton pump inhibitors. It should be noted that there are no effective medication methods for kidney and liver protection to reduce the risk of NSAID-associated complications.

scholarly journals Additive Manufacturing of Biopolymers for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine: An Overview, Potential Applications, Advancements, and Trends

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhinakaran Veeman ◽  
M. Swapna Sai ◽  
P. Sureshkumar ◽  
T. Jagadeesha ◽  
L. Natrayan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Porous Scaffolds ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

As a technique of producing fabric engineering scaffolds, three-dimensional (3D) printing has tremendous possibilities. 3D printing applications are restricted to a wide range of biomaterials in the field of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Due to their biocompatibility, bioactiveness, and biodegradability, biopolymers such as collagen, alginate, silk fibroin, chitosan, alginate, cellulose, and starch are used in a variety of fields, including the food, biomedical, regeneration, agriculture, packaging, and pharmaceutical industries. The benefits of producing 3D-printed scaffolds are many, including the capacity to produce complicated geometries, porosity, and multicell coculture and to take growth factors into account. In particular, the additional production of biopolymers offers new options to produce 3D structures and materials with specialised patterns and properties. In the realm of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM), important progress has been accomplished; now, several state-of-the-art techniques are used to produce porous scaffolds for organ or tissue regeneration to be suited for tissue technology. Natural biopolymeric materials are often better suited for designing and manufacturing healing equipment than temporary implants and tissue regeneration materials owing to its appropriate properties and biocompatibility. The review focuses on the additive manufacturing of biopolymers with significant changes, advancements, trends, and developments in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering with potential applications.

scholarly journals MicroRNAs: Small Regulators of Tissue Regeneration

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Madjid Momeni-Moghaddam ◽  
Elnaz Yossefi ◽  
Fatemeh Oladi
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Protein Production ◽  
Special Functions ◽  
Cellular Events ◽  
Organ Regeneration ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Range Of Functions ◽  
Transcriptional Gene Regulation ◽  
Common Cell

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small molecules that are involved in the regulation of cellular events. They can monitor protein production using a kind of gene expression inhibition called post transcriptional gene regulation. Nowadays a lot of them have been found in different kind of cellular process so they have a wide range of functions from common cell tasks to roles in the regulation of special functions including regeneration of damaged tissues. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the field of miRNAs. This paper will review the research conducted on the roles of miRNAs in stem cells and tissue/organ regeneration.

Assessing Restorative Dental Materials: 1. Test Methods and Assessment of Results

Dental Update ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 188-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.J.T. Burke ◽  
A.C.C. Shortall ◽  
E.C. Combe ◽  
T.C. Aitchison
Keyword(s):  
Dental Materials ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Restorative Dental Materials

An overview of the current status of national reporting systems for adverse reactions to dental materials

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 351-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard van Noort ◽  
Nils R Gjerdet ◽  
Andreas Schedle ◽  
Lars Björkman ◽  
Anders Berglund
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Reporting Systems

Cases of Q fever detected in residents of the novosibirsk region hospitalized with suspection of infections transmitted by ticks

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 229-236
Author(s):  
E. I. Bondarenko ◽  
E. S. Filimonova ◽  
E. I. Krasnova ◽  
E. V. Krinitsina ◽  
S. E. Tkachev
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Novosibirsk Region ◽  
Complex Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Republic

Coxiella burnetii is the causative agent of Q fever (coxiellosis), which, in addition to acute manifestations, often occurs in a latent form, is prone to chronic course and, in the absence of antibiotic therapy, has a high risk of disability or death. As a result of the presence of a wide range of clinical manifestations specific to other infectious diseases, the use of laboratory test methods (LTM) is required to make a diagnosis. The presence of Q fever anthropurgic foci in the Novosibirsk region was described in the 90s of the last century, but due attention to its laboratory diagnostics is not paid in this region. The aim of the study was to identify genetic and serological markers of the causative agent, C. burnetii, in patients of the Novosibirsk region who were admitted for treatment with fever with suspected tick-borne infections (TBIs). DNA marker of the causative agent of Q fever was detected in blood samples by real time PCR in 9 out of 325 patients. In three patients, the presence of C. burnetii DNA was confirmed by sequencing of the IS1111 and htpB gene fragments. In ELISA tests, antibodies against the causative agent of coxiellosis were detected in the blood sera of 4 patients with positive results of PCR analysis. Contact with tick was registered in 7 out of 9 patients who had C. burnetii DNA and lacked markers of other TBIs. Six people were infected in the Novosibirsk region, two suffered from tick’s bite in Altai, and one case was from the Republic of Kyrgyzstan. Thus, a complex approach using both PCR analysis and ELISA provided the identification of markers of the Q fever causative agent in patients admitted with suspected TBIs, thereby differentiating it from other infections. Contact with ticks in most cases suggests that infection with C. burnetii had a transmissible pathway.

scholarly journals Comparative Study on Surfactants Mixtures in Aqueous Solution at Atmospheric Pressure and 10 bar Reservoir Atmosphere

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Elekes ◽  
Roland Nagy ◽  
László Bartha ◽  
Árpád Vágó
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Petroleum Exploration ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Water Type ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real Process ◽  
Oil In Water ◽  
Wide Range

This paper considers anionic and nonionic surfactants, as candidates for crude oil production by enhancement applications. In this study some colloidal properties of surfactants were tested by conventional and new test methods. The oil in water type emulsions have great importance in the petroleum industry. The stability of crude oil in water emulsions are investigated in a wide range of physical and chemical circumstances. Investigations at 10 bar are needed to get knowledges on the real conditions of the given petroleum exploration processes. A special glass cell was used for the tests of the mixtures various crude oil-water emulsions under hydrocarbon gas atmosphere and for the oil disclapement efficiency. Based on the experimental results it was found that emulsifying capacity was changed significantly by the real process conditions. The decrease of the density of hydrocarbon phase was contributed to the overall reduction in the efficiency of emulsifiers also occurred. Based on the experimented data it is supported to pay more attention to apply the real test conditions or approximate the real values.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Material and Geometrical Modelling in Dental Applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1138-1144
Author(s):  
Waleed M. S. Al Qahtani ◽  
Salah A Yousief ◽  
Mohamed I. El-Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Geometric Modelling ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Geometrical Modelling ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Dental Applications

This article touched, in brief, the recent advances in dental materials and geometric modelling in dental applications. Most common categories of dental materials as metallic alloys, composites, ceramics and nanomaterials were briefly demonstrated. Nanotechnology improved the quality of dental biomaterials. This new technology improves many existing materials properties, also, to introduce new materials with superior properties that covered a wide range of applications in dentistry. Geometric modelling was discussed as a concept and examples within this article. The geometric modelling with engineering Computer-Aided-Design (CAD) system(s) is highly satisfactory for further analysis or Computer-Aided-Manufacturing (CAM) processes. The geometric modelling extracted from Computed-Tomography (CT) images (or its similar techniques) for the sake of CAM also reached a sufficient level of accuracy, while, obtaining efficient solid modelling without huge efforts on body surfaces, faces, and gaps healing is still doubtable. This article is merely a compilation of knowledge learned from lectures, workshops, books, and journal articles, articles from the internet, dental forum, and scientific groups' discussions.

scholarly journals Surface contamination of cars: A review

2017 ◽  
Vol 231 (9) ◽  
pp. 1160-1176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian P Gaylard ◽  
Kerry Kirwan ◽  
Duncan A Lockerby
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Surface Contamination ◽  
Front Side ◽  
Water Droplets ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Safety Systems

This review surveys the problem of surface contamination of cars, which poses a growing engineering challenge to vehicle manufacturers, operators and users. Both the vision of drivers and the visibility of vehicles need to be maintained under a wide range of environmental conditions. This requires managing the flow of surface water on windscreens and side glazing. The rate of deposition of solid contaminants on glazing, lights, licence plates and external mirrors also needs to be minimised. Maintaining vehicle aesthetics and limiting the transfer of contaminants to the hands and clothes of users from soiled surfaces are also significant issues. Recently, keeping camera lenses clean has emerged as a key concern, as these systems transition from occasional manoeuvring aids to sensors for safety systems. The deposition of water and solid contaminants on to car surfaces is strongly influenced by unsteady vehicle aerodynamic effects. Airborne water droplets falling as rain or lifted as spray by tyres interact with wakes, vortices and shear flows and accumulate on vehicle surfaces as a consequence. The same aerodynamic effects also control the movement of surface water droplets, rivulets and films; hence, particular attention is paid to the management of surface water over the front side glass and the deposition of contaminants on the rear surfaces. The test methods used in the automotive industry are reviewed, as are the numerical simulation techniques.

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