Scientific and clinical developments in Merkel cell carcinoma: A polyomavirus-driven, often-lethal skin cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoko Akaike ◽  
Paul Nghiem
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell

scholarly journals Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) – neuroendocrine skin cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
Monika Dudzisz-Śledź ◽  
Marcin Zdzienicki ◽  
Piotr Rutkowski
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell

scholarly journals Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Small T Antigen Mediates Microtubule Destabilization To Promote Cell Motility and Migration

2014 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura M. Knight ◽  
Gabriele Stakaityte ◽  
Jennifer, J. Wood ◽  
Hussein Abdul-Sada ◽  
David A. Griffiths ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Motility ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Antigen ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
T Antigen ◽  
Merkel Cell Polyomavirus ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Potential Link

ABSTRACTMerkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive skin cancer of neuroendocrine origin with a high propensity for recurrence and metastasis. Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) causes the majority of MCC cases due to the expression of the MCPyV small and large tumor antigens (ST and LT, respectively). Although a number of molecular mechanisms have been attributed to MCPyV tumor antigen-mediated cellular transformation or replication, to date, no studies have investigated any potential link between MCPyV T antigen expression and the highly metastatic nature of MCC. Here we use a quantitative proteomic approach to show that MCPyV ST promotes differential expression of cellular proteins implicated in microtubule-associated cytoskeletal organization and dynamics. Intriguingly, we demonstrate that MCPyV ST expression promotes microtubule destabilization, leading to a motile and migratory phenotype. We further highlight the essential role of the microtubule-associated protein stathmin in MCPyV ST-mediated microtubule destabilization and cell motility and implicate the cellular phosphatase catalytic subunit protein phosphatase 4C (PP4C) in the regulation of this process. These findings suggest a possible molecular mechanism for the highly metastatic phenotype associated with MCC.IMPORTANCEMerkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) causes the majority of cases of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), an aggressive skin cancer with a high metastatic potential. However, the molecular mechanisms leading to virally induced cancer development have yet to be fully elucidated. In particular, no studies have investigated any potential link between the virus and the highly metastatic nature of MCC. We demonstrate that the MCPyV small tumor antigen (ST) promotes the destabilization of the host cell microtubule network, which leads to a more motile and migratory cell phenotype. We further show that MCPyV ST induces this process by regulating the phosphorylation status of the cellular microtubule-associated protein stathmin by its known association with the cellular phosphatase catalytic subunit PP4C. These findings highlight stathmin as a possible biomarker of MCC and as a target for novel antitumoral therapies.

scholarly journals Viruses and Skin Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 5399
Author(s):  
Sara Becerril ◽  
Roberto Corchado-Cobos ◽  
Natalia García-Sancha ◽  
Leonor Revelles ◽  
David Revilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Human Herpesvirus ◽  
Human Herpesvirus 8 ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Herpesvirus 8 ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Significant Step

Advances in virology and skin cancer over recent decades have produced achievements that have been recognized not only in the field of dermatology, but also in other areas of medicine. They have modified the therapeutic and preventive solutions that can be offered to some patients and represent a significant step forward in our knowledge of the biology of skin cancer. In this paper, we review the viral agents responsible for different types of skin cancer, especially for solid skin tumors. We focus on human papillomavirus and squamous cell cancers, Merkel cell polyomavirus and Merkel cell carcinoma, and human herpesvirus 8 and Kaposi’s sarcoma.

scholarly journals Hypercalcaemia due to Sarcoidosis during Treatment with Avelumab for Metastatic Merkel Cell Carcinoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 639-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandy Tun Min ◽  
Ina I.C. Nordman ◽  
Huy A. Tran
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Phase Ii Trial ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Full Resolution ◽  
Response To Chemotherapy

Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare but aggressive skin cancer. Response to chemotherapy is not durable but avelumab, an anti-PD-L1 inhibitor, showed promising ongoing response in a phase II trial. Checkpoint inhibitors including avelumab are known to cause overactivation of the immune system, leading to immune-related adverse events (irAE). We describe the first reported case of hypercalcaemia secondary to reactivation of sarcoidosis in a patient with metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma on avelumab. Hypercalcaemia was managed with corticosteroids to full resolution and avelumab therapy was safely continued.

scholarly journals CYTOLOGICAL DIAGNOSTICS OF MERKEL CELL CARCINOMA (PRIMARY NEURO-ENDOCRINE SKIN CANCER) IN THE MATERIAL OF A SUPERFICIAL SHAVE BIOPSY

2021 ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
V. N. Vysotskaya ◽  
Y. V. Karpova ◽  
E. S. Sukhovskaya ◽  
A. V. Babushkin ◽  
Ni. V. Boriskin
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Neuroendocrine Differentiation ◽  
Skin Tumor ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Cytological Method ◽  
Cytological Diagnostics

Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare malignant primary skin tumor with epithelial and neuroendocrine differentiation. In the presented diagnostic case, the possibility of a cytological method in this material is a scarification biopsy.

scholarly journals An Extensive Case of Merkel Cell Carcinoma due to Fright of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 525-529
Author(s):  
Maria Danielsen ◽  
Trine Høgsberg ◽  
Henrik Frank Lorentzen ◽  
Ann-Kathrine Rahr German Rossau
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Multiple Metastases ◽  
In The Beginning

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a subtype of nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) with increasing incidence. Clinically, MCC resembles other far less-aggressive NMSCs, and the pathogenesis is still not understood completely. Rapid diagnosis and treatment are essential to improve overall survival. We present a case report of a 74-year-old female, who had noticed a rapidly growing, oozing tumor on her right flank. She was hesitant to contact the dermatology ward where she had regular checkups as she was afraid of contracting COVID-19. This was in the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. At presentation, she had a large exophytic MCC on her right flank and multiple metastases. The disease was at a late stage, and palliative care was the only treatment option left. With this case, we wish to report a rather uncharacteristic location and size of an MCC tumor and suggest that fear of the pandemic and the COVID-19 lockdown has impacted dramatically on attendance of symptomatic patients.

Merkel Cell Carcinoma Guidelines

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 704 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Biomedical Literature ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
Non Melanoma Skin Cancer ◽  
Recent Version ◽  
Melanoma Skin

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, aggressive cutaneous tumor that combines the local recurrence rates of infiltrative non-melanoma skin cancer with the regional and distant metastatic rates of thick melanoma. The mortality rate of MCC exceeds that of melanoma, and the 5-year disease-specific survival rate is 64%. These guidelines and most biomedical literature suggest that the workup of a patient with MCC should include chest radiograph and additional studies as clinically indicated. These guidelines, which the NCCN Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Panel developed as a supplement to those for squamous cell and basal cell skin cancer, also outline treatment strategies. For the most recent version of the guidelines, please visit NCCN.org

Prevalence of human polyomaviruses in common and rare types of non‐Merkel cell carcinoma skin cancer

2012 ◽  
Vol 167 (6) ◽  
pp. 1315-1320 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Scola ◽  
U. Wieland ◽  
S. Silling ◽  
P. Altmeyer ◽  
M. Stücker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Human Polyomaviruses

scholarly journals Merkel cell polyomavirus and Merkel cell carcinoma

2017 ◽  
Vol 372 (1732) ◽  
pp. 20160276 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. DeCaprio
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Merkel Cell Polyomavirus ◽  
Oncogenic Viruses ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Immunocompromised Hosts ◽  
Human Polyomaviruses

Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) causes the highly aggressive and relatively rare skin cancer known as Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). MCPyV also causes a lifelong yet relatively innocuous infection and is one of 14 distinct human polyomaviruses species. Although polyomaviruses typically do not cause illness in healthy individuals, several can cause catastrophic diseases in immunocompromised hosts. MCPyV is the only polyomavirus clearly associated with human cancer. How MCPyV causes MCC and what oncogenic events must transpire to enable this virus to cause MCC is the focus of this essay. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Human oncogenic viruses’.

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