Comparison of β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance correlating obesity with type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study

Background. Metformin is the most widely used oral antidiabetic agent and can reduce insulin resistance (IR) effectively. Organic cation transporter 1 (encoded by SLC22A1) is responsible for the transport of metformin, and ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) is a gene relating to the DNA repair and cell cycle control. The aim of this study was to evaluate if the genetic variants in SLC22A1 rs622342 and ATM rs11212617 could be effective predictors of islet function improvement in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on metformin treatment. Methods. This cross-sectional study included 111 patients with T2DM treated with metformin. Genotyping was performed by the dideoxy chain-termination method. The homeostatic indexes of IR (HOMA-IR) and beta-cell function (HOMA-BCF) were determined according to the homeostasis model assessment. Results. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels, HbA1c levels, and HOMA-IR were significantly higher in patients with the rs622342 AA genotype than in those with C allele (P<0.05). However, these significant differences were not observed between rs11212617 genotype groups. Further data analysis revealed that the association between the rs622342 polymorphism and HOMA-IR was gender related, and so was rs11212617 polymorphism and HOMA-BCF. HOMA-IR was significantly higher in males with rs622342 AA genotype than in those with C allele (P=0.021), and HOMA-BCF value was significantly higher in females carrying rs11212617 CC genotype than in those with A allele (P=0.038). The common logarithm (Lg10) of HOMA-BCF was positively correlated with the reciprocal of HbA1c (r = 0.629, P<0.001) and negatively associated with Lg10 FPG (r = −0.708, P<0.001). Conclusions. The variant of rs622342 could be a predictor of insulin sensitivity in patients with T2DM treated with metformin. The association between the rs622342 polymorphism and HOMA-IR and the association between the rs11212617 polymorphism and HOMA-BCF were both gender related.

Download Full-text

Habitual Miso (Fermented Soybean Paste) Consumption Is Associated with a Low Prevalence of Sarcopenia in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13010072 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 72

Author(s):

Fuyuko Takahashi ◽

Yoshitaka Hashimoto ◽

Ayumi Kaji ◽

Ryosuke Sakai ◽

Yuka Kawate ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hand Grip ◽

Soybean Paste ◽

Skeletal Muscle Mass Index ◽

Low Prevalence

Insulin resistance is a risk of sarcopenia, and the presence of sarcopenia is high in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). It has been reported that habitual miso soup consumption was associated with lower insulin resistance. However, the association between habitual miso consumption and the presence of sarcopenia in patients with T2DM, especially sex difference, was unclear. In this cross-sectional study, 192 men and 159 women with T2DM were included. Habitual miso consumption was defined as consuming miso soup regularly. Having both low skeletal muscle mass index (<28.64% for men, <24.12% for women) and low adjusted hand grip strength (<51.26% for men, <35.38% for women) was defined as sarcopenia. The proportions of sarcopenia were 8.7% in men and 22.6% in women. The proportions of habitual miso consumption were 88.0% in men and 83.6% in women. Among women, the presence of sarcopenia was lower in the group with habitual miso consumption (18.8% versus 42.3%, p = 0.018); however, there was no association between habitual miso consumption and the presence of sarcopenia in men. Habitual miso consumption was negatively associated with the presence of sarcopenia in women (adjusted odds ratio (OR), 0.20 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.06–0.62), p = 0.005) but not in men. This study indicated that habitual miso consumption was associated with the presence of sarcopenia in women but not in men.

Download Full-text

Role of adiponectin in mediating the association of osteocalcin with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes: a cross sectional study in pre- and post-menopausal women

Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry ◽

10.3109/13813455.2013.877488 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 120 (2) ◽

pp. 73-79 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Anil Baran Choudhury ◽

Purnima Dey Sarkar ◽

Dilip K. Sakalley ◽

Sudhakar B. Petkar

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Menopausal Women ◽

Post Menopausal

Download Full-text

Loss of Pancreatic β-cell Secretory Function During Disease Progression in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus - A Small Cross-Sectional Study

Pancreas - Open Journal ◽

10.17140/poj-3-109 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

George B. Kudolo ◽

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Pancreatic Β Cell ◽

Secretory Function ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Β Cell ◽

Cross Sectional

Download Full-text

Prevalence of elevated liver enzymes and its association with type 2 diabetes: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study among Nepalese Adults from Biratnagar, Nepal

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/ajms.v12i6.37074 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 50-55

Author(s):

Sanjay Kumar Jha ◽

Naval Kishor Yadav ◽

Shikha Rizal

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Liver Enzymes ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Elevated Liver Enzymes ◽

Liver Parameters

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a non-communicable metabolic disease resulting from either insulin deficiency or insulin resistance. Liver enzymes (ALT and AST) are the well-known markers of hepatocellular health while GGT also shows biliary tract function. Increased activities of liver enzymes are indicators of hepatocellular injury, are associated with insulin resistance and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Aims and Objective: To study the status of Liver Enzymes in type 2 diabetes patients residing in the eastern part of Nepal. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal dated from 27th Dec 2019 to 27th Dec 2020. The blood sample was taken from the patients coming to the outpatient department at Diabetic and Endocrinology Clinic for a regular check-up and follow-up and those willing to participate in research. All the data collected was entered in Microsoft Excel and Statistical Package for Social Service (SPSS) version 16. p < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: A total of 375 subjects (255 DM and 120 healthy) were included. The age of the diabetic subjects ranges from 27-87 years with a mean of 56.91 ± 11.00 years while age of healthy subjects’ ranged from 31-86 years with the mean of 53.38 ± 13.28. Among the T2DM subjects, 11.76% (30/255) had raised AST, 17.25% (44/255) had raised ALT, 12.94% (33/255) had raised ALP, and 19.60% (50/255) had raised GGT. The level of liver enzymes (AST, p = 0.005, ALT, p = 0.007, ALP, p = 0.000 and GGT, p = 0.000) were showed statistically significant. Conclusion: This study concludes that liver enzyme activity was higher in T2DM subjects than individuals who do not have T2DM. In addition, Liver parameters were significantly correlated with diabetes mellitus in our study population; hence, timely diagnosis and management of the abnormal liver parameters may help to minimize liver-related morbidity and mortality in the diabetic population.

Download Full-text

CORRELATION BETWEEN QTC INTERVALAND INSULIN RESISTANCE IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

10.36106/ijar/4007995 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Karan Dang ◽

Taranjeet kour

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

High Risk ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Qtc Interval ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Type 2 Dm ◽

Female Subjects

Background: World incidence of diabetes is 463 million in 2019 and rise to700 million 2045. Incidence of diabetes is 88 million in SEA in 2019 and rise to 153 million by 2045 IDF(2019) the present study was planned to assess the correlation between Insulin resistance and QTc interval in Type 2 Diabetes. Methods:An observational hospital based cross-sectional study lasting one year from 1st November 2012 to 31st October 2013 was conducted in Post-Graduate Department of Medicine AcharyaShriChander Hospital Sidhra, Jammu. The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee, Jammu University. All patients were subjected to thorough history,examination and necessary investigations. QTc interval was assessed using Bazzet’s formula and insulin resistance was estimated at the baseline by Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA) described by Matthews et al.Results: In this present observational cross-sectional study, a total of 82 patients were screened, out of which 61 patients met the inclusion criteria and hence, were the subjects. Among them 11 patients were enrolled from indoors while 50 patients were from outdoors. Out of 61 subjects, males and females were almost equally represented with a slight preponderance of female subjects. There were 29 (47.5%) male subjects and 32 (52.5%) female subjects. Their age ranged from 33-68 years. Mean age was 54.393 (±9.204) years. One fourth of the patients (15/61 i.e. 24.6%) were observed to have prolonged QTc interval while three-fourths 46 (75.4%) had QTc interval within the normal range. The mean QTc Interval of study cohort was 0.416 (±0.040)Conclusion:-In this study the frequency of prolonged QTc interval among Type 2 DM patients was considerably high (24.6%). These findings support that patients with Type 2 DM who have prolonged QTc interval have a high risk of major cardiovascular complications and it could be utilized as a rapid, objective and cost-effective screening method to identify patients at high risk for cardiovascular events.

Download Full-text