Three approaches to time valuation in recreation demand: A study of the Snake River recreation area in eastern Washington

The first commercial oil well in North America was drilled with a spring pole rig in 1818 by Marcus Huling on the South Fork of the Cumberland River in McCreary County, Kentucky. The well was 200 feet deep and flowed at the surface. The discovery was reported in the fall of 1818 in the newspaper Argus of Western America, and in a letter written by Huling in 1820. Oil from the well was sold locally and also in Tennessee, North Carolina, and Georgia. Two thousand gallons were exported to Europe. Comparison of early geologic and structure sections and maps with recent publications and field data indicates that, in contrast to previous interpretations, the accumulation, in the Big Lime, is stratigraphically controlled. Today oil can be sampled from a well at the site, now in a National River Recreation Area. Employing formal definitions, the Beatty well may become generally recognized as the first-documented comercial oil well in North America, even though it was originally drilled for salt.

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Age of the Last Major Scabland Flood of the Columbia Plateau in Eastern Washington

Quaternary Research ◽

10.1016/0033-5894(78)90099-6 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 171-180 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

Donal R. Mullineaux ◽

Ray E. Wilcox ◽

Walter F. Ebaugh ◽

Roald Fryxell ◽

Meyer Rubin

Keyword(s):

Rocky Mountains ◽

Columbia River ◽

Radiocarbon Date ◽

Snake River ◽

River Drainage ◽

Northern Rocky Mountains ◽

Columbia Plateau ◽

Northwestern Margin ◽

Eastern Washington ◽

Mount St Helens

Pumice layers of set S from Mount St. Helens can be correlated with certain ash beds associated with young flood deposits of the channeled scabland. The correlation points to an age of about 13,000 14C yr B.P. for the last major flood to have crossed the scabland. Until recently, the last major episode of flooding was thought to be closer to 20,000 yr B.P., an age inferred chiefly from the relation of the flood to glacial events of the northern Rocky Mountains. Several investigations within the last few years have suggested that the last major flood occurred well after 20,000 yr B.P. Tentative correlations of ash beds of the scabland with set S pumice layers, the relations of flood and glacial events along the northwestern margin of the Columbia Plateau, and a radiocarbon date from the Snake River drainage southeast of the plateau all indicate an age much younger than 20,000 yr. The postulated age of about 13,000 yr B.P. is further supported by a radiocarbon date in the Columbia River valley downstream from the scabland tract. Basal peat from a bog on the Portland delta of Bretz, which is a downvalley deposit of the last major scabland flood, has been dated as 13,080 ± 300 yr B.P. (W-3404).

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Evaluating the Recreation Value of Alishan National Forest Recreation Area in Taiwan

Forests ◽

10.3390/f12091245 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 1245

Author(s):

Wan-Yu Liu ◽

Bo-Sheng Fang ◽

Chi-Ming Hsieh

Keyword(s):

Demand Function ◽

Negative Binomial ◽

Negative Binomial Regression ◽

Recreation Demand ◽

National Forest ◽

Forest Recreation ◽

Binomial Regression ◽

Recreation Area ◽

Survey Responses ◽

Recreation Benefits

This study aimed to construct an effective model to estimate the recreation value and total annual recreation benefits of the Alishan National Forest Recreation Area (ANFR) through the travel cost method. Negative binomial regression was also employed to estimate the demand function. This study sorted participants based on gender, age, level of education, personal monthly income, occupation, and place of residence to examine their differences in perceived recreation value and recreation demand. The survey responses revealed that most tourists were mainly middle aged, and took family vacations. The findings indicate that the recreation benefits of traveling to Alishan per person each year equaled NTD 1703. Furthermore, the annual recreation benefits of Alishan were approximately between NTD 2,157,121,944 and NTD 2,452,136,112 based on a total of 1,353,276 visits traveling to Alishan in 2019. Recommendations and suggestions are drawn for ANFR based the results.

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Bee Associates of Flowering Astragalus and Onobrychis Genebank Accessions at a Snake River Site in Eastern Washington

Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society ◽

10.2317/0505.02.1 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 79 (3) ◽

pp. 254-260 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Stephen L. Clement ◽

Terry L. Griswold ◽

Richard W. Rust ◽

Barbara C. Hellier ◽

David M. Stout

Keyword(s):

Snake River ◽

Eastern Washington ◽

River Site

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Dammed If You Don’t, But What If You Do? Breaching the Lower Snake River Dams in Washington State

Case Studies in the Environment ◽

10.1525/cse.2019.sc.1036402 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Elizabeth C. Lopardo ◽

Clare M. Ryan

Keyword(s):

Policy Process ◽

Food Source ◽

Washington State ◽

Federal Agencies ◽

Snake River ◽

Environmental Groups ◽

Steep Decline ◽

Mitigation Techniques ◽

Economic Analyses

Four dams on the lower Snake River in Washington State generate hydropower and allow for regional agriculture and barge shipping to Portland OR. However, the dams impede the migration of local salmon populations (Oncorhynchus spp.), which are in steep decline, and drastically impact the populations of salmon and orca whales, for whom salmon are a primary food source. For years, environmental groups have argued for breaching the dams; other interests counter that the dams are too critical to the economy of the region to lose; and federal agencies assert that the dams can remain and salmon populations will recover with mitigation techniques. Scientific and economic analyses, litigation, and elected officials’ efforts have not been able to move the issue towards a solution. Readers will examine the interests of primary actors in the issue, how they influence the policy process, the role of scientific and economic analyses, and possible approaches for resolving the issue.

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