Modeling of indoor radon concentration from radon exhalation rates of building materials and validation through measurements

2014 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 50-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar ◽  
R.P. Chauhan ◽  
Manish Joshi ◽  
B.K. Sahoo
Keyword(s):  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Indoor Radon Concentration ◽  
Radon Exhalation ◽  
Radon Exhalation Rates

scholarly journals Radon exhalation rates from common building materials in India: Effect of back diffusion

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-281
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Pal Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Track Detector ◽  
Back Diffusion ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Indoor Radon Concentration ◽  
Radon Exhalation ◽  
Brick Powder ◽  
Radon Exhalation Rates

A radon exhalation study for building materials was carried out by closed accumulator technique using plastic track detector LR-115 type-II, taking into account the effect of back diffusin. The back diffusion of radon into the materials causes an underestimate of free exhalation rates. The results showed that radon exhalation rates of soil, sand, brick powder, and crasher were found to be high as compared to rice husk ash, wall putty, and plaster of Paris. The radon exhalation rates from building materials varied from 0.45 ? 0.07 mBq/kgh to 1.55 ? 0.2 mBq/kgh and 3.4 ? 0.7 mBq/m2h to 28.6 ? 3.8 mBq/m2h as measured without considering back diffusion. The radon exhalation rates of building materials oblivious of back diffusion varied from 4.3 ? 0.8 mBq/m2h to 44.1 ? 5.9 mBq/m2h. The radon exhalation rates from building materials can be used for estimation of radon wall flux and indoor radon concentration. Thus, it is necessary to make correction in the measured exhalation rates by back diffusion.

Evaluation of the effect of cover layer on radon exhalation from building materials

2020 ◽  
pp. 1420326X2096338
Author(s):  
Chenhua Wang ◽  
Dong Xie ◽  
Chuck Wah Yu ◽  
Hanqing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Concrete Block ◽  
Radon Exhalation Rate ◽  
Exhalation Rate ◽  
Indoor Radon Concentration ◽  
Cover Layer ◽  
Radon Exhalation

Radium, which is naturally present in many building materials, decays to the radioactive gas radon, which is exhaled from the surface of concrete block and is a major source of human exposure to radioactivity. In this study, an experimental evaluation of radon exhalation was conducted on a concrete block covered with mortar and acrylic render. Factors such as sand aggregates content and water content of the mortar cover layer, the thickness of the double cover layer were considered. Results showed that the radon exhalation rate was increased with an increase of sand content in mortar cover layer, and the radon exhalation rate was reduced with an increase of the thickness and water content. Besides, indoor radon concentration and effective dose estimation involving concrete block with cover layer were evaluated. The calculated indoor radon concentration was reduced from 234.9 to 201.1 Bq m−3 as the thickness of the cover layer was increased from 15 to 35 mm, and the effective dose was reduced by 0.61 mSv y−1. Therefore, the addition of a cover layer on the indoor walls, floors and ceilings could reduce the indoor radon concentration and the radon dose on exposure to occupants.

Measurement of the radon exhalation rate and effective radium concentration in soil samples of southern Sakarya, Turkey

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emre Tabar ◽  
Hakan Yakut ◽  
Adem Kuş
Keyword(s):  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Effective Dose Equivalent ◽  
Exhalation Rate ◽  
Dose Equivalent ◽  
Indoor Radon Concentration ◽  
Radon Exhalation ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Radon Exhalation Rates

In the present study, radon exhalation rates in terms of mass and area, as well as the effective radium concentration in soil samples collected simultaneously from different districts of southern Sakarya have been measured by Sealed Can technique using LR-115 type-II detectors. Mass and areal radon exhalation rates in soil samples vary from 35.76 ± 1.5 to 253.15 ± 3.8 mBqkg−1h−1 with an average value of 112.53 ± 2.7 mBqkg−1h−1 and 0.73 ± 0.2 to 5.18 ± 0.6 Bqm−2h−1 with an average value of 2.30 ± 0.6 Bqm−2h−1, respectively. The effective radium content was found to vary in the range 3.77 ± 0.5 to 26.69 ± 1.3 Bqkg−1 with an average value of 11.86 ± 0.9 Bqkg−1. The area exhalation rate was also used to calculate indoor radon concentration contributed by radon exhalation from soil, and to estimate annual effective dose equivalent. While the indoor radon concentration contributed by radon exhalation from soil varies from 2.93 ± 0.9 to 20.73 ± 2.3 Bqm−3 with an average value of 9.22 ± 1.5 Bqm−3, the estimated effective dose equivalent varies from 0.09 to 0.61 mSvy−1 with an average value of 0.27 mSvy−1.

VARIATIONS OF INDOOR RADON CONCENTRATION IN TRADITIONAL RUSSIAN RURAL WOODEN HOUSES

2020 ◽  
Vol 191 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-222
Author(s):  
Tatiana Petrova ◽  
Petr Miklyaev
Keyword(s):  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Radon Exhalation Rate ◽  
Exhalation Rate ◽  
Indoor Radon Concentration ◽  
Radon Exhalation ◽  
Soil Gas Radon ◽  
Radon Measurements ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

Abstract Continuous indoor radon measurements were carried out in two traditional Russian rural houses located in different villages of the Moscow region in summer of 2017 and 2018. In additional, in the summer of 2017, continuous measurements of soil gas radon activity concentration at depth 0.8 m and radon exhalation rate from the ground surface near the house were performed simultaneously. It was found that the indoor radon concentration in rural houses is subject to strong daily variations, which are characterized by highs at night and lows during the day. Indoor radon concentration is directly proportional to indoor and outdoor temperature difference and inversely proportional to wind speed. While the radon exhalation rate from the ground surface, as well as the ventilation of premises (opening doors and windows) practically do not affect the concentration of radon in Russian rural wooden houses.

Radiological variation of indoor radon and thoron levels by pinhole dosimeter in different seasons

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 1001-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhir Mittal ◽  
Asha Rani ◽  
Rohit Mehra ◽  
B. K. Sahoo ◽  
B. K. Sapra
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Indoor Radon Concentration ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Level 3

The annual variation in radon and thoron concentrations in different seasons has been revealed for 40 different locations of Jodhpur, Nagaur, Bikaner and Jhunjhunu districts of Northern Rajasthan by using pinhole dosimeter, and the results have been compared with ventilation conditions and building materials. The indoor radon concentration was observed to vary from 109 ± 17 to 334 ± 13 Bq m−3, 63 ± 17 to 255 ± 21 Bq m−3, 45 ± 11 to 128 ± 19 Bq m−3 and 74 ± 9 to 300 ± 21 Bq m−3 and thoron concentration varies from 26 ± 15 to 418 ± 21 Bq m−3, 3 ± 2 to 134 ± 33 Bq m−3, 12 ± 6 to 140 ± 19 Bq m−3 and 6 ± 4 to 408 ± 29 Bq m−3 for winter, spring, summer and autumn seasons, respectively. In winter season, indoor radon concentration of about 50% dwellings was observed to be within or higher than the action level as recommended by International Commission of Radiation Protection. However, in summer the action level is lower than the action limit. The exposure of human beings to indoor radon and thoron and the associated risk has also been examined. The total annual mean effective dose due to indoor radon and thoron in Northern Rajasthan are less than or close to the action level 3–10 mSv y−1 as recommended by International Commission of Radiation Protection.

INDOOR RADON CONCENTRATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT IN SOME DWELLINGS OF OBUASI, MINING TOWN

2019 ◽  
Vol 188 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
Irene Opoku-Ntim ◽  
Aba Bentil Andam ◽  
Vicenzo Roca ◽  
J J Fletcher ◽  
T T Akiti
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Indoor Radon Concentration ◽  
Mining Town ◽  
222Rn Concentration ◽  
Materials Used

Abstract 222Rn concentration indoors was measured in 40 dwellings in the Obuasi municipality, a gold-mining town in the Ashanti Region of Ghana using the LR 115 type II strippable detectors for the two major seasons in Ghana, rainy and dry. The detectors were placed in the bed rooms of dwellers for 6 months each. Average indoor radon concentration varied from 63.9 to 364.9 Bqm−3 with a mean of 152.2 ± 10.9 Bqm−3 in the rainy season and 26.1–119.0 Bqm−3 with a mean of 50.5 ± 3.9 Bqm−3 in the dry season. The effective dose of 3.90 ± 0.3 mSvy−1 for the rainy season and for the dry season, effective dose of 0.6 mSvy−1 were recorded. The seasonal variation of 222Rn concentration indoors showed higher values in the rainy season than the dry season. A dependence was observed between the type of building materials used in building and the indoor radon level.

scholarly journals Radon concentrations in multi-story buildings in Montenegro

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-174
Author(s):  
Perko Vukotic ◽  
Ranko Zekic ◽  
Nevenka Antovic ◽  
Tomislav Andjelic
Keyword(s):  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Small Contribution ◽  
Indoor Radon Concentration ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Floor Level ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Radon Concentrations

Change of radon concentrations in dwellings with floor level was studied in six multi-story buildings, in four towns of Montenegro with different climate conditions. The annual aver- age radon activity concentrations in 35 dwellings are found to be very low, mostly at a level of 20-30 Bqm?3. Absorbed gamma dose rates in these dwellings are in the range of 14-58 nGyh?1. The low radon concentrations are a consequence of a good tightness of the structures in contact with the ground and a small contribution of building materials to radon indoors. A clear general trend of changes in radon concentrations with floor level is not observed. In most of the dwellings on different floors in the multi-story building radon concentration varies very little, mostly within measurement error. A small decrease in radon concentration is noted between the two or three floors closest to the ground, but only in some of the buildings. Therefore, a decrease of indoor radon concentration with floor level cannot be considered as a general characteristic of multi-story buildings. Although the seasonal radon variations have not been in the focus of this study, it was found that the average radon activity concentrations in dwellings of the multi-story buildings are higher in warmer than in cooler half-year period, what is contrary to the general rule for homes in the world and in Montenegro as well.

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