Anti-inflammatory intestinal activity of Arctium lappa L. (Asteraceae) in TNBS colitis model

Inflammatory bowel disease is a condition that leads to gut pathologies such as abnormal lymphatic architecture, as well as to systemic comorbidities such as bone loss. Furthermore, current therapies are limited to low efficacy and incur side effects. Dietary interventions have been explored minimally, but may provide a treatment for improving gut outcomes and comorbidities. Indeed, plant-based soy protein has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory effects. Here, we tested the impact of a moderately elevated soy protein diet in a chronic, 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis model on gut and bone inflammatory-mediated pathophysiological adaptations. Colitis was induced by intrarectal administration of TNBS. Gut histopathology was scored, and lymphatic structural changes and the local inflammatory state were assessed via immunofluorescence. In addition, the effects of gut inflammation on bone turnover and osteocyte proteins were determined via histomorphometry and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The moderately elevated soy protein diet produced improvements in both colonic and bone tissues. In TNBS animals given the soy protein intervention, colon histological scores were reduced and the abnormal lymphatic architecture resolved. There were also improvements in bone formation and reduced bone resorption. In addition, TNBS increased inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α and receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-B ligand in the gut and bone, but this was resolved in both tissues with the dietary soy protein intervention. The moderately elevated soy protein diet mitigated gut and bone inflammation in a chronic, TNBS-induced colitis model, demonstrating the potential for soy protein as a potential anti-inflammatory dietary intervention for inflammatory bowel disease.

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Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of the Methanolic Extract of Cyrtocarpa procera Bark Reduces the Severity of Ulcerative Colitis in a Chemically Induced Colitis Model

Mediators of Inflammation ◽

10.1155/2020/5062506 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Mario Rodriguez-Canales ◽

Elizdath Martinez-Galero ◽

Alma D. Nava-Torres ◽

Luvia E. Sanchez-Torres ◽

Leticia Garduño-Siciliano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ulcerative Colitis ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Treated Group ◽

Action Mechanisms ◽

Chemically Induced ◽

Gastrointestinal Problems ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Colitis Model

Cyrtocarpa procera is a plant used in traditional Mexican medicine to treat different gastrointestinal problems. Here, we investigated the effects of a C. procera methanolic extract in DSS-induced colitis mice. Ulcerative colitis (UC) was induced by administering 4% DSS in drinking water to female BALB/c mice. Compared to untreated mice with UC, the treatment group receiving the C. procera extract presented less severe UC symptoms of diarrhea, bleeding, and weight loss. Additionally, colon shortening was significantly reduced, and at the microscopic level, only minor damage was observed. Levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IFNγ in serum as well as the MPO activity in the colon were significantly reduced in the C. procera methanolic extract-treated group. Moreover, the extract of C. procera reduced oxidative stress during UC, preventing the deterioration of the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, CAT, and GPx. Additionally, the extract decreased lipid peroxidation damage and its final products, such as malondialdehyde (MDA). In agreement with this, in vitro assays with the C. procera extract displayed good antioxidant capacity, probably due to the presence of polyphenolic compounds, in particular the flavonoids that were identified, such as chrysin, naringenin, kaempferol, and catechin, which have been reported to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Therefore, the improvement of UC by the C. procera methanolic extract may be related to the action mechanisms of these compounds.

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Anti-inflammatory activity of alkali-soluble polysaccharides from Arctium lappa L. and its effect on gut microbiota of mice with inflammation

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules ◽

10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.111 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 154 ◽

pp. 773-787 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Xin Zhang ◽

Nianfeng Zhang ◽

Juan Kan ◽

Rui Sun ◽

Sixue Tang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Arctium Lappa ◽

Anti Inflammatory

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Expression of Alkaline Sphingomyelinase in Yeast Cells and Anti-inflammatory Effects of the Expressed Enzyme in a Rat Colitis Model

Digestive Diseases and Sciences ◽

10.1007/s10620-008-0509-2 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 54 (7) ◽

pp. 1440-1448 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

David Andersson ◽

Knut Kotarsky ◽

Jun Wu ◽

William Agace ◽

Rui-Dong Duan

Keyword(s):

Yeast Cells ◽

Alkaline Sphingomyelinase ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Colitis Model

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Inhibitory Effect and Mechanism of Arctium lappa Extract on NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2018/6346734 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Young-Kyu Kim ◽

Sushruta Koppula ◽

Do-Wan Shim ◽

Eun-Jung In ◽

Su-Bin Kwak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Inflammasome Activation ◽

Inhibitory Effects ◽

Arctium Lappa ◽

Nlrp3 Inflammasome Activation ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Underlying Mechanisms ◽

Peritonitis Model

Arctium lappa (A. lappa), Compositae, is considered a potential source of nutrition and is used as a traditional medicine in East Asian countries for centuries. Although several studies have shown its biological activities as an anti-inflammatory agent, there have been no reports on A. lappa with regard to regulatory role in inflammasome activation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of A. lappa extract (ALE) on NLRP3 inflammasome activation and explore the underlying mechanisms. We found that ALE inhibited IL-1β secretion from NLRP3 inflammasome activated bone marrow derived macrophages but not that secreted by NLRC4 and AIM2 inflammasomes activation. Mechanistic studies revealed that ALE suppressed the ATPase activity of purified NLRP3 and reduced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) generated during NLRP3 activation. Therefore, the inhibitory effect of ALE on NLRP3 inflammasome might be attributed to its ability to inhibit the NLRP3 ATPase function and attenuated the mROS during inflammasome activation. In addition, ALE significantly reduced the LPS-induced increase of plasma IL-1β in mouse peritonitis model. These results provide evidence of novel anti-inflammatory mechanisms of A. lappa, which might be used for therapeutic applications in the treatment of NLRP3 inflammasome-associated inflammatory disorders.

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Anti-inflammatory Effect of Probiotic Limosilactobacillus reuteri KUB-AC5 Against Salmonella Infection in a Mouse Colitis Model

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2021.716761 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Songphon Buddhasiri ◽

Chutikarn Sukjoi ◽

Thattawan Kaewsakhorn ◽

Kowit Nambunmee ◽

Massalin Nakphaichit ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Alternative Methods ◽

Mammalian Host ◽

Inhibitory Effects ◽

Feeding Duration ◽

Systemic Dissemination ◽

Colony Forming Units ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Proliferation And Invasion ◽

Colitis Model

Acute non-typhoidal salmonellosis (NTS) caused by Salmonella enterica Typhimurium (STM) is among the most prevalent of foodborne diseases. A global rising of antibiotic resistance strains of STM raises an urgent need for alternative methods to control this important pathogen. Major human food animals which harbor STM in their gut are cattle, swine, and poultry. Previous studies showed that the probiotic Limosilactobacillus (Lactobacillus) reuteri KUB-AC5 (AC5) exhibited anti-Salmonella activities in chicken by modulating gut microbiota and the immune response. However, the immunobiotic effect of AC5 in a mammalian host is still not known. Here, we investigated the anti-Salmonella and anti-inflammatory effects of AC5 on STM infection using a mouse colitis model. Three groups of C57BL/6 mice (prophylactic, therapeutic, and combined) were fed with 109 colony-forming units (cfu) AC5 daily for 7, 4, and 11 days, respectively. Then, the mice were challenged with STM compared to the untreated group. By using a specific primer pair, we found that AC5 can transiently colonize mouse gut (colon, cecum, and ileum). Interestingly, AC5 reduced STM gut proliferation and invasion together with attenuated gut inflammation and systemic dissemination in mice. The decreased STM numbers in mouse gut lumen, gut tissues, and spleen possibly came from longer AC5 feeding duration and/or the combinatorial (direct and indirect inhibitory) effect of AC5 on STM. However, AC5 attenuated inflammation (both in the gut and in the spleen) with no difference between these three approaches. This study demonstrated that AC5 confers both direct and indirect inhibitory effects on STM in the inflamed gut.

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