Recent changes in the offshore crustacean zooplankton community of Lake Ontario

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 898-910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard P. Barbiero ◽  
Barry M. Lesht ◽  
Glenn J. Warren
Keyword(s):  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Lake Ontario ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton

Food of the Alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) in Lake Ontario before and after the Establishment of Bythotrephes cederstroemi

1992 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 2009-2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward L. Mills ◽  
Robert O'Gorman ◽  
Joe DeGisi ◽  
Roy F. Heberger ◽  
Robert A. House
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Structure ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Lake Ontario ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Alosa Pseudoharengus ◽  
Fish Feeding ◽  
Niagara River ◽  
Bythotrephes Cederstroemi ◽  
Before And After

Diets and length–weight relationships of Lake Ontario alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) in 1972 differed from those in 1988; the large cladoceran Bythotrephes cederstroemi colonized the lake during the mid-1980's. Micro-crustacean zooplankton were the dominant prey of alewife during April–October in 1972 and 1988. Although Bythotrephes was not found in 1988 net samples, it replaced other zooplankters in the alewife's diet. Typically, tailspines were the only part of Bythotrephes in alewife stomachs; their frequency was high in April–May, diminished rapidly in summer and was very low by fall. In spring 1988, alewife [Formula: see text] were in better condition than in spring 1972 and this may have been due to larger fish feeding more heavily on Bythotrephes. Variation in diet among widely separated sampling sites was due to differences in alewife abundance, stability of thermal structure, progress of zooplankton community development and distance to the mouth of the Niagara River (through which Bythotrephes probably enter the lake in summer and fall). In the Great Lakes, inter- and intralake differences in diet clearly exist, and these must be incorporated into models of alewife planktivory to gain an accurate understanding of energy flow between trophic levels.

Changes in zooplankton and the phenology of the spiny water flea, Bythotrephes, following its invasion of Harp Lake, Ontario, Canada

2001 ◽  
Vol 58 (12) ◽  
pp. 2341-2350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman D Yan ◽  
Agnes Blukacz ◽  
W Gary Sprules ◽  
Paul K Kindy ◽  
David Hackett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Lake Ontario ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Total Abundance ◽  
Water Flea ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Coregonus Artedii ◽  
Lake Herring ◽  
Harp Lake

The crustacean zooplankton community of Harp Lake, Ontario, Canada, has changed appreciably since the invasion by the spiny water flea, Bythotrephes. Crustacean species richness has declined, large-bodied Cladocera have replaced small-bodied ones, and there has been a downward trend in the total abundance of zooplankton because copepod abundance has remained stable while Cladoceran abundance has declined. Although the zooplankton community has now been stable for 4 years (1995–1998), the biology of the invader has changed dramatically. In particular, there have been 10-fold differences in the mean annual abundance of Bythotrephes in this 5-year period and substantial changes in the timing of population maxima. We attribute these changes to two factors: (i) transition from a summer to a fall switch from parthenogenesis to gametogenesis and (ii) interannual differences in the thickness of a warm, dark stratum in the lake. We hypothesize that this stratum provides a refuge for Bythotrephes from predation by lake herring, Coregonus artedii.

Changes in the crustacean communities of Lakes Michigan, Huron, and Erie following the invasion of the predatory cladoceran Bythotrephes longimanus

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 2111-2125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard P Barbiero ◽  
Marc L Tuchman
Keyword(s):  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Bythotrephes Longimanus ◽  
Zooplankton Community Structure ◽  
Cladoceran Species ◽  
Invertebrate Predators ◽  
Predatory Cladoceran ◽  
Leptodora Kindti ◽  
Escape Responses ◽  
Zooplankton Communities

The crustacean zooplankton communities in Lakes Michigan and Huron and the central and eastern basins of Lake Erie have shown substantial, persistent changes since the invasion of the predatory cladoceran Bythotrephes in the mid-1980s. A number of cladoceran species have declined dramatically since the invasion, including Eubosmina coregoni, Holopedium gibberum, Daphnia retrocurva, Daphnia pulicaria, and Leptodora kindti, and overall species richness has decreased as a result. Copepods have been relatively unaffected, with the notable exception of Meso cyclops edax, which has virtually disappeared from the lakes. These species shifts have for the most part been consistent and equally pronounced across all three lakes. Responses of crustacean species to the Bythotrephes invasion do not appear to be solely a consequence of size, and it is likely that other factors, e.g., morphology, vertical distribution, or escape responses, are important determinants of vulnerability to predation. Our results indicate that invertebrate predators in general, and invasive ones in particular, can have pronounced, lasting effects on zooplankton community structure.

Crustacean zooplankton community structure in temporary and permanent grassland ponds

Hydrobiologia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 632 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Matthew Drenner ◽  
Stanley I. Dodson ◽  
Ray W. Drenner ◽  
John E. Pinder III
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Zooplankton Community Structure ◽  
Permanent Grassland

Dynamics of Cadmium-Stressed Plankton Communities

1980 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Marshall ◽  
D. L. Mellinger
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Functional Responses ◽  
Experimental Lakes Area ◽  
Individual Values ◽  
Zooplankton Density ◽  
Plankton Communities

Structural and functional responses of plankton communities to cadmium stress were studied during 1977 in Lake Michigan using small-volume (8 L) completely sealed enclosures, and in Canada's Experimental Lakes Area (ELA) Lake 223 using large-volume (1.5 × 105 L) open-surface enclosures. In Lake Michigan, reductions of the average abundance of micro-crustaceans by cadmium were significantly greater in "light" or shallow epilimnetic incubations than they were in "dark" or deep epilimnetic incubations. Measurements of dissolved oxygen indicated that this interaction with light (depth) was an indirect effect due to a reduction of photosynthesis and primary production. Zooplankton density and species diversity were not significantly affected within 21 d by cadmium concentrations [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] Cd/L, respectively, whereas final dissolved oxygen concentration and percentage similarity (PS) of the crustacean zooplankton community were significantly reduced by [Formula: see text] Cd/L. In the ELA Lake 223 experiment, the reducing effect of cadmium on zooplankton density increased up to 31 d after Cd enrichment and then decreased, probably due to decreasing Cd concentrations in the water. Values of PS on day 24 for the ELA enclosures enriched with 1 and 3 μg Cd/L were within the 95% confidence limits for individual values predicted from a regression of PS on cadmium for the 21-d Lake Michigan experiments.Key words: plankton communities, zooplankton, phytoplankton, cadmium stress, Lake Michigan, Canadian Shield lakes

Calibration of the zooplankton community size spectrum as an indicator of change in Canadian Shield lakes

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 2268-2287
Author(s):  
Lauren Emily Barth ◽  
Brian John Shuter ◽  
William Gary Sprules ◽  
Charles Kenneth Minns ◽  
James Anthony Rusak
Keyword(s):  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Canadian Shield ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Size Spectrum ◽  
Community Size ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Sampling Protocols ◽  
Stable Characteristic ◽  
Shield Lakes

Developing the crustacean zooplankton community size spectrum into an indicator of change in lakes requires quantification of the natural variability in the size spectrum related to broad-scale seasonal, annual, and spatial factors. Characterizing seasonal patterns of variation in the size spectrum is necessary so that monitoring programs can be designed to minimize the masking effects that seasonal processes can have on detecting longer-term temporal change. We used a random effects model to measure monthly, annual, and interlake variability in the slope (i.e., relative abundance of small and large organisms) and centered height (i.e., total abundance) of the crustacean zooplankton normalized abundance size spectrum from 1981 to 2011 among eight Canadian Shield lakes. Consistent with theoretical predictions, the slope was a relatively stable characteristic of the zooplankton community compared with the height, which varied significantly among lakes. We identified a seasonal signal in height and slope and used a mixed effects model to characterize the linear rate of change from May to October; there was an overall decline in height and an overall increase in slope. Seasonal variance was greater than annual variance for both the height and the slope, suggesting that long-term monitoring of lakes and interlake comparisons using zooplankton size spectra should be based on temporally standardized sampling protocols that minimize the effects of seasonal processes. We recommend sampling the zooplankton community in midsummer because this results in size spectrum estimates close to seasonal mean values.

scholarly journals Zooplankton Community Response to Seasonal Hypoxia: A Test of Three Hypotheses

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie E. Keister ◽  
Amanda K. Winans ◽  
BethElLee Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Puget Sound ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Community Response ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Zooplankton Abundance ◽  
Calanoid Copepods ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Seasonal Hypoxia

Several hypotheses of how zooplankton communities respond to coastal hypoxia have been put forward in the literature over the past few decades. We explored three of those that are focused on how zooplankton composition or biomass is affected by seasonal hypoxia using data collected over two summers in Hood Canal, a seasonally-hypoxic sub-basin of Puget Sound, Washington. We conducted hydrographic profiles and zooplankton net tows at four stations, from a region in the south that annually experiences moderate hypoxia to a region in the north where oxygen remains above hypoxic levels. The specific hypotheses tested were that low oxygen leads to: (1) increased dominance of gelatinous relative to crustacean zooplankton, (2) increased dominance of cyclopoid copepods relative to calanoid copepods, and (3) overall decreased zooplankton abundance and biomass at hypoxic sites compared to where oxygen levels are high. Additionally, we examined whether the temporal stability of community structure was decreased by hypoxia. We found evidence of a shift toward more gelatinous zooplankton and lower total zooplankton abundance and biomass at hypoxic sites, but no clear increase in the dominance of cyclopoid relative to calanoid copepods. We also found the lowest variance in community structure at the most hypoxic site, in contrast to our prediction. Hypoxia can fundamentally alter marine ecosystems, but the impacts differ among systems.

Effects of Low Concentrations of Cadmium on the Crustacean Zooplankton Community of an Artificially Acidified Lake

1987 ◽  
Vol 44 (S1) ◽  
pp. s163-s172 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. Lawrence ◽  
M. H. Holoka
Keyword(s):  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Calanoid Copepods ◽  
Bosmina Longirostris ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Total Community

The toxic effects of cadmium to total community and individual species of zooplankton generally decreased as pH of the lake was experimentally lowered over a number of years by additions of acids. The biomass of crustacean zooplankton held in small impoundment systems suspended in the lake for fourteen days was reduced by 60–70% when pH was 6.7–6.8 and concentrations of Cd were maintained at 1 μg∙L−1, and by 70–80% when Cd was at 3 μg∙L−1. At a pH of 5.9, however, biomass was reduced only 20–30% in concentrations of Cd of 1 μg∙L−1, and at pH 5.6, biomass decreased by only 20% when subjected to 3 μg∙L−1 Cd. The cladocerans Bosmina longirostris and Holopedium gibberum were the most sensitive to cadmium. Cladocerans were more sensitive to cadmium than calanoid copepods, and both these groups were more sensitive then cyclopoid copepods. The decrease in toxicity of cadmium with increasing H+ may be analogous to the inhibition of uptake of cadmium by calcium.

Zooplankton and Trophic State Relationships in Florida Lakes

1983 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 1813-1819 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Bays ◽  
T. L. Crisman
Keyword(s):  
Trophic State ◽  
Size Structure ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Zooplankton Biomass ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Trophic State Index ◽  
Total Zooplankton ◽  
Eutrophic Lakes ◽  
Florida Lakes ◽  
Total Zooplankton Biomass

Zooplankton, including ciliated protozoans, were collected from 39 Florida lakes of widely ranging trophic state. Annual mean biomass values for different zooplankton groups were regressed against Carlson's Trophic State Index based on annual mean chlorophyll a concentration. Whereas total zooplankton biomass yielded a significant regression with increasing trophic state, microzooplankton (ciliates, rotifers, and nauplii) accounted for more of the relationship than macrozooplankton (cladocera, calanoids, and cyclopoids). Within the microzooplankton, the regression improved with decreasing body size. Macrozooplankton biomass exhibited a weak statistical relationship with lake trophic state, but the different component groups were variable in their response. The dominance within the zooplankton community shifts from macrozooplankton to microzooplankton with increasing trophic state, and the microzooplankton can constitute between 50 and 90% of the total zooplankton biomass in eutrophic lakes. Changes in zooplanktivore community structure with increasing trophic state show that whereas total fish biomass increases, dominance shifts from visually oriented predators, such as bass and bluegill, to pump filter-feeding planktivores, such as gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum). While Florida zooplankton communities are similar in size structure to tropical communities, no statistically significant differences were found between empirical equations of crustacean zooplankton biomass and trophic state determined from temperate and Florida data bases.

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