Food of the Alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) in Lake Ontario before and after the Establishment of Bythotrephes cederstroemi

1992 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 2009-2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward L. Mills ◽  
Robert O'Gorman ◽  
Joe DeGisi ◽  
Roy F. Heberger ◽  
Robert A. House
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Structure ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Lake Ontario ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Alosa Pseudoharengus ◽  
Fish Feeding ◽  
Niagara River ◽  
Bythotrephes Cederstroemi ◽  
Before And After

Diets and length–weight relationships of Lake Ontario alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) in 1972 differed from those in 1988; the large cladoceran Bythotrephes cederstroemi colonized the lake during the mid-1980's. Micro-crustacean zooplankton were the dominant prey of alewife during April–October in 1972 and 1988. Although Bythotrephes was not found in 1988 net samples, it replaced other zooplankters in the alewife's diet. Typically, tailspines were the only part of Bythotrephes in alewife stomachs; their frequency was high in April–May, diminished rapidly in summer and was very low by fall. In spring 1988, alewife [Formula: see text] were in better condition than in spring 1972 and this may have been due to larger fish feeding more heavily on Bythotrephes. Variation in diet among widely separated sampling sites was due to differences in alewife abundance, stability of thermal structure, progress of zooplankton community development and distance to the mouth of the Niagara River (through which Bythotrephes probably enter the lake in summer and fall). In the Great Lakes, inter- and intralake differences in diet clearly exist, and these must be incorporated into models of alewife planktivory to gain an accurate understanding of energy flow between trophic levels.

Recent changes in the offshore crustacean zooplankton community of Lake Ontario

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 898-910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard P. Barbiero ◽  
Barry M. Lesht ◽  
Glenn J. Warren
Keyword(s):  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Lake Ontario ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton

Paradigm of Climate Change and its Influence on Zooplankton

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 423-438
Author(s):  
Mohammad Yasir Arafat ◽  
Yahya Bakhtiyar ◽  
Zahoor Ahmad Mir ◽  
Hamid Iqbal Tak
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystem ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Aquatic Biota ◽  
Scientific Policy ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Aquatic Food

Zooplankton are the precious elements of aquatic ecosphere playing a significant role in some ecological phenomena viz., biomonitoring, ecological indication, link between primary producers and higher trophic levels, aquaculture,and maintenance of balance in aquatic food webs.The climate,being a dynamic abiotic entity, changed many times during the history of earth particularly before and after the industrial revolution.The unending materialistic benefits of human beings have been increasing the concentration of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and fluorinated gases since the last few decades that is enough to raise the global temperature. It is a fact that both biotic and abiotic factors affect the dynamics of aquatic biota due to which the aquatic ecosystems and the organisms inhabiting them such as zooplankton are becoming the worst targets of the climate change phenomenon. Some of the significant consequences of climate change posing threats for the zooplankton community include increased temperature, acidification, nutrient enrichment,and increasing ultraviolet (UV) environment of the aquatic ecosystem that significantly affect theirsurvival, behaviour, nutritional procurement, reproduction,and their overall population dynamics.Due to the profound effects of climate change on the zooplankton community, the entire aquatic food web gets crushed away leading to more severe concerns about the higher trophic levels and overall dynamics of the aquatic biota. Thus,unending loss in the dynamics of the aquatic ecosystem could prevailand will go on expanding if the causal factors of climate change continue to operate beyond their limits unless a strong scientific policy and framework in contrary to climate change are reinforced with the key focus on aquatic biota especially zooplankton.

Changes in zooplankton and the phenology of the spiny water flea, Bythotrephes, following its invasion of Harp Lake, Ontario, Canada

2001 ◽  
Vol 58 (12) ◽  
pp. 2341-2350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman D Yan ◽  
Agnes Blukacz ◽  
W Gary Sprules ◽  
Paul K Kindy ◽  
David Hackett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Lake Ontario ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Total Abundance ◽  
Water Flea ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Coregonus Artedii ◽  
Lake Herring ◽  
Harp Lake

The crustacean zooplankton community of Harp Lake, Ontario, Canada, has changed appreciably since the invasion by the spiny water flea, Bythotrephes. Crustacean species richness has declined, large-bodied Cladocera have replaced small-bodied ones, and there has been a downward trend in the total abundance of zooplankton because copepod abundance has remained stable while Cladoceran abundance has declined. Although the zooplankton community has now been stable for 4 years (1995–1998), the biology of the invader has changed dramatically. In particular, there have been 10-fold differences in the mean annual abundance of Bythotrephes in this 5-year period and substantial changes in the timing of population maxima. We attribute these changes to two factors: (i) transition from a summer to a fall switch from parthenogenesis to gametogenesis and (ii) interannual differences in the thickness of a warm, dark stratum in the lake. We hypothesize that this stratum provides a refuge for Bythotrephes from predation by lake herring, Coregonus artedii.

Use of Zooplankton to Assess the Movement and Distribution of Alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) in South-Central Lake Ontario in Spring

1991 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 2250-2257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert O'Gorman ◽  
Edward L. Mills ◽  
Joe DeGisi
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Size Structure ◽  
Lake Ontario ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Alosa Pseudoharengus ◽  
Freshwater Lakes ◽  
South Central ◽  
Zooplankton Size ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Change In Mean

Data from assessments of fish and zooplankton conducted during April and May–June 1986–88 in south-central Lake Ontario were examined for evidence that zooplankton size structure can be used to follow the movement of alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus). The spring influx of alewife into nearshore waters was linked with water temperature and coincided with a decline in the mean length of crustacean zooplankton and the virtual disappearance of zooplankters [Formula: see text]. Alewife moving inshore to spawn fed heavily on the largest zooplankters, negating the possibility that changes in zooplankton size were wholly a response to seasonal recruitment as waters warm and the composition shifts to Bosmina. Offshore, there was usually no significant (P < 0.05) change in mean lengths of zooplankton in the upper water column between April and May–june, and zooplankters [Formula: see text] always remained abundant, suggesting that few alewife were there from April through mid-june. We conclude that in large freshwater lakes where a planktivore is abundant, yet spatially concentrated, changes in size of crustacean zooplankton can facilitate understanding of the fish's movement and distribution.

Evidence of successful river spawning by lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in the Lower Niagara River, Lake Ontario

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Gatch ◽  
Dimitry Gorsky ◽  
Zy Biesinger ◽  
Eric Bruestle ◽  
Kelley Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Trout ◽  
Lake Ontario ◽  
Salvelinus Namaycush ◽  
Niagara River

Changes in the crustacean communities of Lakes Michigan, Huron, and Erie following the invasion of the predatory cladoceran Bythotrephes longimanus

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 2111-2125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard P Barbiero ◽  
Marc L Tuchman
Keyword(s):  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Bythotrephes Longimanus ◽  
Zooplankton Community Structure ◽  
Cladoceran Species ◽  
Invertebrate Predators ◽  
Predatory Cladoceran ◽  
Leptodora Kindti ◽  
Escape Responses ◽  
Zooplankton Communities

The crustacean zooplankton communities in Lakes Michigan and Huron and the central and eastern basins of Lake Erie have shown substantial, persistent changes since the invasion of the predatory cladoceran Bythotrephes in the mid-1980s. A number of cladoceran species have declined dramatically since the invasion, including Eubosmina coregoni, Holopedium gibberum, Daphnia retrocurva, Daphnia pulicaria, and Leptodora kindti, and overall species richness has decreased as a result. Copepods have been relatively unaffected, with the notable exception of Meso cyclops edax, which has virtually disappeared from the lakes. These species shifts have for the most part been consistent and equally pronounced across all three lakes. Responses of crustacean species to the Bythotrephes invasion do not appear to be solely a consequence of size, and it is likely that other factors, e.g., morphology, vertical distribution, or escape responses, are important determinants of vulnerability to predation. Our results indicate that invertebrate predators in general, and invasive ones in particular, can have pronounced, lasting effects on zooplankton community structure.

Crustacean zooplankton community structure in temporary and permanent grassland ponds

Hydrobiologia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 632 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Matthew Drenner ◽  
Stanley I. Dodson ◽  
Ray W. Drenner ◽  
John E. Pinder III
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Zooplankton Community Structure ◽  
Permanent Grassland

Dynamics of Cadmium-Stressed Plankton Communities

1980 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Marshall ◽  
D. L. Mellinger
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Functional Responses ◽  
Experimental Lakes Area ◽  
Individual Values ◽  
Zooplankton Density ◽  
Plankton Communities

Structural and functional responses of plankton communities to cadmium stress were studied during 1977 in Lake Michigan using small-volume (8 L) completely sealed enclosures, and in Canada's Experimental Lakes Area (ELA) Lake 223 using large-volume (1.5 × 105 L) open-surface enclosures. In Lake Michigan, reductions of the average abundance of micro-crustaceans by cadmium were significantly greater in "light" or shallow epilimnetic incubations than they were in "dark" or deep epilimnetic incubations. Measurements of dissolved oxygen indicated that this interaction with light (depth) was an indirect effect due to a reduction of photosynthesis and primary production. Zooplankton density and species diversity were not significantly affected within 21 d by cadmium concentrations [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] Cd/L, respectively, whereas final dissolved oxygen concentration and percentage similarity (PS) of the crustacean zooplankton community were significantly reduced by [Formula: see text] Cd/L. In the ELA Lake 223 experiment, the reducing effect of cadmium on zooplankton density increased up to 31 d after Cd enrichment and then decreased, probably due to decreasing Cd concentrations in the water. Values of PS on day 24 for the ELA enclosures enriched with 1 and 3 μg Cd/L were within the 95% confidence limits for individual values predicted from a regression of PS on cadmium for the 21-d Lake Michigan experiments.Key words: plankton communities, zooplankton, phytoplankton, cadmium stress, Lake Michigan, Canadian Shield lakes

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