The use of germicidal ultraviolet light, vaporized hydrogen peroxide and dry heat to decontaminate face masks and filtering respirators contaminated with a SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus

In the context of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, reuse of surgical masks and filtering facepiece respirators has been recommended. Their reuse necessitates procedures to inactivate contaminating human respiratory and oral pathogens. We previously demonstrated decontamination of masks and respirators contaminated with an infectious SARS-CoV-2 surrogate via ultraviolet germicidal irradiation, vaporised hydrogen peroxide, and use of dry heat. Here, we show that these same methods efficiently inactivate a more resistant, non-enveloped oral virus; decontamination of infectious murine norovirus-contaminated masks and respirators reduced viral titres by over four orders of magnitude on mask or respirator coupons.

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Treatment of VX Hydrolysate with Ultraviolet Light and Hydrogen Peroxide

Journal of Advanced Oxidation Technologies ◽

10.1515/jaots-1997-0305 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Michael G. MacNaughton ◽

James R. Scott

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Ultraviolet Light ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Methylphosphonic Acid ◽

Chemical Agent ◽

Organosulfur Compounds ◽

Two Phase ◽

First Order ◽

Engineering Study ◽

Inorganic Sulfate

AbstractAn engineering study was performed to evaluate the use of ultraviolet light and hydrogen peroxide to destroy caustic-neutralized VX nerve agent in the U.S. chemical agent stockpile as an alternative to incineration. Whereas caustic neutralization completely destroys VX, (3-ethyl-S-2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl methylphosphonothiolate, the reaction leaves a complex two-phase mixture containing organic phosphates and organosulfur compounds which require treatment prior to ultimate disposal. Studies performed in laboratory-scale (320-mL), bench-scale (10-L) and pilot-scale (20-L) reactors demonstrated that the principal products of the caustic neutralization-ethyl methylphosphonic acid (EMPA), methylphosphonic acid (MPA), 2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl sulfide (RSR), disulfide (RSSR) and the other mixed sulfides-could be oxidized to inorganic sulfate, phosphate, ammonia and carbon dioxide. The reaction was zero order above 1000 mg/L and pseudo first order below. To mineralize 10,000 lb of VX per day to less than 10 mg/L organic carbon would require more than 1100 lamps of 30 kW each.

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Sequential treatment of hydrogen peroxide, vacuum packaging, and dry heat for inactivating Salmonella Typhimurium on alfalfa seeds without detrimental effect on seeds viability

Food Microbiology ◽

10.1016/j.fm.2018.09.002 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 77 ◽

pp. 130-136 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Eun-Jeong Hong ◽

Sang-Hyun Park ◽

Dong-Hyun Kang

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Salmonella Typhimurium ◽

Detrimental Effect ◽

Vacuum Packaging ◽

Sequential Treatment ◽

Dry Heat ◽

Alfalfa Seeds

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Decontamination Strategies for Filtering Facepiece Respirators (FFRs) in Healthcare Organizations: A Comprehensive Review

Annals of Work Exposures and Health ◽

10.1093/annweh/wxaa090 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ashok Kumar Jena ◽

Jitendra Sharan

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Ethylene Oxide ◽

Time Use ◽

Ultraviolet Irradiation ◽

The Other ◽

Limited Time ◽

Healthcare Organizations ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

Dry Heat ◽

Other Hand

Abstract Filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) are made for one-time use. A massive shortage of FFRs is widespread during pandemic events and has forced many healthcare organizations to decontaminate them and re-use for a limited time. Many decontamination methods have been proposed for the decontamination of FFRs. This review highlights various aspects of decontamination methods available in the literature. Among various methods available, vaporized hydrogen peroxide, ultraviolet irradiation, and dry heat seem to be the most promising decontaminants for FFRs. On the other hand, microwave, bleach, ethylene oxide, alcohol, hydrogen peroxide liquid, sanitizing wipes, and soap and water are not recommended methods for FFR decontamination.

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Effectiveness of Duck Hatching Egg Sanitization with the Combination of Hydrogen Peroxide and Ultraviolet Light

The Journal of Applied Poultry Research ◽

10.3382/japr/pfy070 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 301-306 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

K. Cantu ◽

G.S. Archer ◽

Z.S. Tucker ◽

C.D. Coufal

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Ultraviolet Light

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Low-Temperature Decontamination with Hydrogen Peroxide or Chlorine Dioxide for Space Applications

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.07948-11 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 78 (12) ◽

pp. 4169-4174 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

T. Pottage ◽

S. Macken ◽

K. Giri ◽

J. T. Walker ◽

A. M. Bennett

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Low Temperature ◽

Chlorine Dioxide ◽

Exposure Period ◽

Microbial Reduction ◽

Space Applications ◽

Content Type ◽

Chlorine Dioxide Gas ◽

Dry Heat ◽

D Values

ABSTRACTThe currently used microbial decontamination method for spacecraft and components uses dry-heat microbial reduction at temperatures of >110°C for extended periods to prevent the contamination of extraplanetary destinations. This process is effective and reproducible, but it is also long and costly and precludes the use of heat-labile materials. The need for an alternative to dry-heat microbial reduction has been identified by space agencies. Investigations assessing the biological efficacy of two gaseous decontamination technologies, vapor hydrogen peroxide (Steris) and chlorine dioxide (ClorDiSys), were undertaken in a 20-m3exposure chamber. Five spore-formingBacillusspp. were exposed on stainless steel coupons to vaporized hydrogen peroxide and chlorine dioxide gas. Exposure for 20 min to vapor hydrogen peroxide resulted in 6- and 5-log reductions in the recovery ofBacillus atrophaeusandGeobacillus stearothermophilus, respectively. However, in comparison, chlorine dioxide required an exposure period of 60 min to reduce bothB. atrophaeusandG. stearothermophilusby 5 logs. Of the three otherBacillusspp. tested,Bacillus thuringiensisproved the most resistant to hydrogen peroxide and chlorine dioxide with D values of 175.4 s and 6.6 h, respectively. Both low-temperature decontamination technologies proved effective at reducing theBacillusspp. tested within the exposure ranges by over 5 logs, with the exception ofB. thuringiensis, which was more resistant to both technologies. These results indicate that a review of the indicator organism choice and loading could provide a more appropriate and realistic challenge for the sterilization procedures used in the space industry.

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