A fate and transport ocean model for persistent organic pollutants and its application to the North Sea

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ilyina ◽  
T. Pohlmann ◽  
G. Lammel ◽  
J. Sündermann
Keyword(s):  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Persistent Organic Pollutants ◽  
Fate And Transport ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea

scholarly journals The effects of global climate change on the cycling and processes of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the North Sea

Ocean Science ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. O'Driscoll ◽  
B. Mayer ◽  
J. Su ◽  
M. Mathis
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
North Sea ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Persistent Organic Pollutants ◽  
Fate And Transport ◽  
Open Boundary ◽  
The North ◽  
The Future ◽  
The North Sea

Abstract. The fate and cycling of two selected legacy persistent organic pollutants (POPs), PCB 153 and γ-HCH, in the North Sea in the 21st century have been modelled with combined hydrodynamic and fate and transport ocean models (HAMSOM and FANTOM, respectively). To investigate the impact of climate variability on POPs in the North Sea in the 21st century, future scenario model runs for three 10-year periods to the year 2100 using plausible levels of both in situ concentrations and atmospheric, river and open boundary inputs are performed. This slice mode under a moderate scenario (A1B) is sufficient to provide a basis for further analysis. For the HAMSOM and atmospheric forcing, results of the IPCC A1B (SRES) 21st century scenario are utilized, where surface forcing is provided by the REMO downscaling of the ECHAM5 global atmospheric model, and open boundary conditions are provided by the MPIOM global ocean model. Dry gas deposition and volatilization of γ-HCH increase in the future relative to the present by up to 20% (in the spring and summer months for deposition and in summer for volatilization). In the water column, total mass of γ-HCH and PCB 153 remain fairly steady in all three runs. In sediment, γ-HCH increases in the future runs, relative to the present, while PCB 153 in sediment decreases exponentially in all three runs, but even faster in the future, due to the increased number of storms, increased duration of gale wind conditions and increased water and air temperatures, all of which are the result of climate change. Annual net sinks exceed sources at the ends of all periods. Overall, the model results indicate that the climate change scenarios considered here generally have a negligible influence on the simulated fate and transport of the two POPs in the North Sea, although the increased number and magnitude of storms in the 21st century will result in POP resuspension and ensuing revolatilization events. Trends in emissions from primary and secondary sources will remain the key driver of levels of these contaminants over time.

scholarly journals The effects of climate change on persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the North Sea

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1525-1557
Author(s):  
K. O'Driscoll ◽  
B. Mayer ◽  
J. Su ◽  
M. Mathis
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
North Sea ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Persistent Organic Pollutants ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Open Boundary ◽  
The North ◽  
The Future ◽  
The North Sea

Abstract. The fate and cycling of two selected legacy persistent organic pollutants (POPs), PCB 153 and γ-HCH, in the North Sea in the 21st century have been modelled with combined hydrodynamic and fate and transport ocean models. To investigate the impact of climate variability on POPs in the North Sea in the 21st century, future scenario model runs for three 10 yr periods to the year 2100 using plausible levels of both in situ concentrations and atmospheric, river and open boundary inputs are performed. Since estimates of future concentration levels of POPs in the atmosphere, oceans and rivers are not available, our approach was to reutilise 2005 values in the atmosphere, rivers and at the open ocean boundaries for every year of the simulations. In this way, we attribute differences between the three 10 yr simulations to climate change only. For the HAMSOM and atmospheric forcing, results of the IPCC A1B (SRES) 21st century scenario are utilised, where surface forcing is provided by the REMO downscaling of the ECHAM5 global atmospheric model, and open boundary conditions are provided by the MPIOM global ocean model. Dry gas deposition and volatilisation of γ-HCH increase in the future relative to the present. In the water column, total mass of γ-HCH and PCB 153 remain fairly steady in all three runs. In sediment, γ-HCH increases in the future runs, relative to the present, while PCB 153 in sediment decreases exponentially in all three runs, but even faster in the future, both of which are the result of climate change. Annual net sinks exceed sources at the ends of all periods.

scholarly journals Modelling the fate of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the North Sea system

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 169-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kieran O’Driscoll ◽  
Tatjana Ilyina ◽  
Thomas Pohlmann ◽  
Bernhard Mayer ◽  
Peter Damm
Keyword(s):  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Persistent Organic Pollutants ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea

A coupled atmosphere/ice/ocean model for the North Sea and the Baltic Sea

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Schrum ◽  
U. H�bner ◽  
D. Jacob ◽  
R. Podzun
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Baltic

scholarly journals Understanding the Role of Organic Matter Cycling for the Spatio-Temporal Structure of PCBs in the North Sea

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 817
Author(s):  
Ute Daewel ◽  
Evgeniy V. Yakushev ◽  
Corinna Schrum ◽  
Luca Nizzetto ◽  
Elena Mikheeva
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Temporal Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Active Regions ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea

Using the North Sea as a case scenario, a combined three-dimensional hydrodynamic-biogeochemical-pollutant model was applied for simulating the seasonal variability of the distribution of hydrophobic chemical pollutants in a marine water body. The model was designed in a nested framework including a hydrodynamic block (Hamburg Shelf Ocean Model (HAMSOM)), a biogeochemical block (Oxygen Depletion Model (OxyDep)), and a pollutant-partitioning block (PolPar). Pollutants can be (1) transported via advection and turbulent diffusion, (2) get absorbed and released by a dynamic pool of particulate and dissolved organic matter, and (3) get degraded. Our model results indicate that the seasonality of biogeochemical processes, including production, sinking, and decay, favors the development of hot spots with particular high pollutant concentrations in intermediate waters of biologically highly active regions and seasons, and it potentially increases the exposure of feeding fish to these pollutants. In winter, however, thermal convection homogenizes the water column and destroys the vertical stratification of the pollutant. A significant fraction of the previously exported pollutants is then returned to the water surface and becomes available for exchange with the atmosphere, potentially turning the ocean into a secondary source for pollutants. Moreover, we could show that desorption from aging organic material in the upper aphotic zone is expected to retard pollutants transfer and burial into sediments; thus, it is considerably limiting the effectiveness of the biological pump for pollutant exports.

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