What Ultrasound Endometrial Thickness Threshold Better Detects Cancer and Atypical Hyperplasia in Asymptomatic Postmenopausal Women?

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. S159-S160
Author(s):  
J. Li ◽  
C. Johansson ◽  
F. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Atypical Hyperplasia

scholarly journals Evaluation of endometrial thickness in postmenopausal women by using 3.0-T MRI

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junko Nakamura ◽  
Takeharu Yoshikawa ◽  
Eriko Maeda ◽  
Hiroyuki Akai ◽  
Hiroshi Ohtsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Endometrial Thickening ◽  
3.0 T ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
3.0 T Mri

Background: The accepted threshold for normal endometrial thickness is 5 mm; lesions with endometrial thickness < 5 mm are considered benign, whilst those > 5 mm areconsidered malignant. However, endometrium ≥ 5 mm on transvaginal ultrasonography inpostmenopausal woman is considered as asymptomatic endometrial thickening. However, recent studies suggest that asymptomatic endometrial thickness of even 8 mm – 11 mm in postmenopausal women may be normal.Objectives: The present study investigated the normal endometrial thickness range in 297 asymptomatic postmenopausal women using 3.0-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T2-weighted sagittal images measured retrospectively by a single radiologist.Method: The data were classified according to patient age and postmenopausal duration, and the medical records and follow-up MR images were reviewed to assess the clinical outcome.Results: The mean endometrial thickness was 2.4 ± 0.1 mm (range: 0.1–11.6). The endometriumin 21 of 297 subjects was ≥ 5 mm thick. Follow-up MR images were obtained in 17 of these 21 women, and their endometrial thickness was found to have decreased in all of them. To date,none of the subjects has been diagnosed with endometrial cancer.Conclusion: Although 5 mm is considered the conservative threshold of normal endometrial thickness on MRI of postmenopausal women, this figure should not, to avoid excessive false-positive diagnoses, be assumed as an indication of malignancy.

scholarly journals Breast Safety and Efficacy of Genistein Aglycone for Postmenopausal Bone Loss: A Follow-Up Study

2008 ◽  
Vol 93 (12) ◽  
pp. 4787-4796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Marini ◽  
Alessandra Bitto ◽  
Domenica Altavilla ◽  
Bruce P. Burnett ◽  
Francesca Polito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Sister Chromatid ◽  
Safety Profile ◽  
Sister Chromatid Exchange ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Brca1 And Brca2

Context: Genistein aglycone improves bone metabolism in women. However, questions about the long-term safety of genistein on breast as well as its continued efficacy still remain. Objective: We assessed the continued safety profile of genistein aglycone on breast and endometrium and its effects on bone after 3 yr of therapy. Design: The parent study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 389 osteopenic, postmenopausal women for 24-months. Subsequently, a subcohort (138 patients) continued therapy for an additional year. Patients and Interventions: Participants received 54 mg of genistein aglycone daily (n = 71) or placebo (n = 67). Both treatment arms received calcium and vitamin D3 in therapeutic doses. Main Outcomes: Mammographic density was assessed at baseline, 24 and 36 months by visual classification scale and digitized quantification. BRCA1 and BRCA2, sister chromatid exchange, and endometrial thickness were also evaluated. Lumbar spine and femoral neck bone mineral density were also assessed. Secondary outcomes were biochemical levels of bone markers. Results: After 36 months, genistein did not significantly change mammographic breast density or endometrial thickness, BRCA1 and BRCA2 expression was preserved, whereas sister chromatid exchange was reduced compared with placebo. Bone mineral density increases were greater with genistein for both femoral neck and lumbar spine compared to placebo. Genistein also significantly reduced pyridinoline, as well as serum carboxy-terminal cross-linking telopeptide and soluble receptor activator of NF-κB ligand while increasing bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, IGF-I, and osteoprotegerin levels. There were no differences in discomfort or adverse events between groups. Conclusions: After 3 yr of treatment, genistein exhibited a promising safety profile with positive effects on bone formation in a cohort of osteopenic, postmenopausal women.

Ultrasound parameters of pelvic organs and their age-related changes in a cohort of asymptomatic postmenopausal women: A community-based study

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-154
Author(s):  
Thiran D Dias ◽  
Thilina S Palihawadana ◽  
Malitha Patabendige ◽  
Mary BC Motha ◽  
Hithanadura J de Silva
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Pelvic Organs ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Pelvic Ultrasonography ◽  
Ultrasound Parameters ◽  
Age Related Changes

Objective To describe the ultrasound parameters of pelvic organs and their age-related changes in a cohort of asymptomatic postmenopausal women and to describe the prevalence of ultrasound-detected pathologies in a Sri Lankan population. Study design A large community-based longitudinal study using a randomly selected sample of postmenopausal women who have never used hormone replacement therapy. Main outcome measures Uterine, endometrial and ovarian measurements at pelvic ultrasonography as described by the International Endometrial Tumor Analysis and the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis groups. Results A total of 815 postmenopausal women were approached and all volunteered to participate. This included women between the ages of 45 and 74 years with a median (interquartile range (IQR)) of 62.0 (10.0) years. The median (IQR) uterine volume was 18.1 (17) ml, while the median (IQR) of right and left ovarian volumes were 17.3 (22.9) ml and 18.2 (21.5) ml. Both uterine and ovarian volumes showed an age-related decline (p < 0.01). Furthermore, the ovarian volumes demonstrated an increase in size with a higher body mass index (p < 0.03 for left and p < 0.01 for right, respectively). Median (IQR) endometrial thickness among the population was 3.0 (1.0) mm and there was no age-related change observed. Sixty-one women had an ultrasound-detected gynaecological pathology with a prevalence of 7.5% (95% confidence interval (CI) 5.6–9.5). Conclusions This study aimed at describing ultrasound parameters of pelvic organs among postmenopausal women of Sri Lanka was able to provide the reference values for uterine and ovarian volume among asymptomatic postmenopausal women. Both uterine and ovarian volumes demonstrated an age-related decline, whereas the endometrial thickness does not seem to relate to the age.

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