Subchondral bone change at osteoarthritis onset - a comparative study on guinea pigs with and without osteoarthritis

Background: Chronic ankle instability (CAI) induces osteoarthritis (OA) by inflicting abnormal stresses on the medial gutter. It is important to detect early OA change and to explore factors likely to induce the OA. The purpose of this study was to evaluate subchondral bone change in the medial gutter of CAI using computed tomography (CT) scans. Methods: Thirty-five ankles with CAI (CAI group) and 35 ankles without CAI (control group) were included. The region of interest (ROI) in the subchondral bone of the medial gutter on CT axial images was set on the tibia and talus. The Hounsfield unit (HU) in ROIs was measured and corrected by the HU of the fibula in the same slice. HU ratios were compared between the CAI and control groups. In the CAI group, the relationship between the HU ratio and the talar tilt angle (TTA), OA change, and the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) remnant quality were analyzed. Results: The mean HU ratio in the CAI group was significantly higher than that in the control. In the CAI group, HU ratios in ≥10 degrees of TTA were significantly higher than those in <10 degrees. But there was no significant difference in the HU ratios with or without OA change in the medial gutter. A good-quality ATFL remnant showed a low HU ratio compared with that with poor quality. Conclusion: CAI patients exhibited subchondral bone change in the medial gutter, which suggests that the elimination of instability may help to prevent or decrease the development and/or progression of osteoarthritis. Level of Evidence: Level III, comparative series.

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Role of subchondral bone in osteoarthritis development: A comparative study of two strains of guinea pigs with and without spontaneously occurring osteoarthritis

Arthritis & Rheumatism ◽

10.1002/art.22921 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 56 (10) ◽

pp. 3366-3374 ◽

Cited By ~ 78

Author(s):

Tomoya Muraoka ◽

Hiroshi Hagino ◽

Toru Okano ◽

Makoto Enokida ◽

Ryota Teshima

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Subchondral Bone ◽

Guinea Pigs

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Comparison of early-stage changes of osteoarthritis in cartilage and subchondral bone between two different rat models

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.8934 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. e8934 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yutao Yang ◽

Peiran Li ◽

Songsong Zhu ◽

Ruiye Bi

Keyword(s):

Subchondral Bone ◽

Early Stage ◽

Cruciate Ligament ◽

Cartilage Damage ◽

Cartilage Degeneration ◽

The Elderly ◽

Degenerative Joint Disease ◽

Joint Disease ◽

Bone Change ◽

Subchondral Bone Change

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease and the major cause of joint pain and disability in the elderly. It is mainly characterized by articular cartilage degradation and subchondral bone remodeling. There are two main types of OA: natural occurring OA and secondary OA, mainly associated with aging and trauma, respectively. In this study, we established two OA models in rat knee joints to simulate the two types of OA, using the type II collagenase injection (CI) and anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT), respectively. After intervention for 2–6 weeks, cartilage and subchondral bone changes were detected in histological staining, immunochemistry, and micro-CT. Results showed that both models with typical pathology changes of OA were successfully induced, while the development and severity of OA process in the models were different. In ACLT rats, the cartilage damage was milder, lasted for a shorter time, and subchondral bone reconstruction occurred earlier, compared with the changes in CI rats. The cartilage damage was secondary to subchondral bone change in ACLT rats, while subchondral bone change was secondary to cartilage degeneration in CI rats. In conclusion, the interaction between cartilage and subchondral bone is different between the natural-occurring and secondary OA models. These two models not only suggest potential different mechanisms of the two types of OA, but also provide new directions for OA treatment and prevention.

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A comparative study of the influence of K+ATP channels activators (diazoxide and its fluorine containing analogues) on guinea-pigs' heart function

Annales UMCS Pharmacia ◽

10.2478/v10080-008-0148-0 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 357-360

Author(s):

Katerina Tarasova ◽

Victor Shevchuk

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Guinea Pigs ◽

Heart Function

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SERUM-GLOBULIN AND DIPHTHERIC ANTITOXIN.—A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE AMOUNT OE GLOBULIN IN NORMAL AND ANTITOXIC SERA, AND THE RELATION OF THE GLOBULINS TO THE ANTITOXIC BODIES

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.5.1.47 ◽

1900 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 47-66 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Philip Hanson Hiss ◽

James P. Atkinson

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Blood Serum ◽

Present State ◽

Magnesium Sulphate ◽

Guinea Pigs ◽

Normal Serum ◽

Serum Globulin ◽

Methods Of Determination ◽

Before And After ◽

Variable Factor

The results of the foregoing experiments may be briefly summarized as follows: The amount of antitoxic substance obtained by precipitation with magnesium sulphate from the blood-serum of the horse corresponds, as nearly as can be determined by the use of test guinea-pigs, in full to the protective power of the serum from which it is obtained, i. e. the precipitate from 1 cc. of serum will protect against the same amount of toxin as 1 cc. of the serum itself. Equal amounts of the precipitates by magnesium sulphate from immunized and non-immunized horses act differently toward toxin; i. e. the proportion of protective substance to the precipitate from non-immunized serum is exceedingly small as compared with the proportion of antitoxin to the precipitate from sera of immunized horses. The average precipitate from the sera of immunized horses, as obtained by magnesium sulphate, is more abundant than the average precipitate from sera of non-immunized horses. In the case of the same animal before and after immunization, the serum before immunization gives a less abundant precipitate with magnesium sulphate than the serum tested after immunization. The proportion of increase per unit of antitoxic strength for the same or different horses is not constant. This may be due to an increase of inactive substances (in their relation to diphtheric toxin) or to imperfect methods of determination. The precipitates obtained by magnesium sulphate give all the reactions recognized as characteristic of globulins, and as distinguishing them from other albuminous bodies. We are not warranted, then, in the present state of our knowledge, in considering any part of these precipitates as other than globulin. But it does seem warrantable to conclude, from the fact that the globulins of normal serum do not protect, or only in comparatively large amounts, against diphtheric toxin, that new globulins are formed, or rather greatly increased in the serum of immunized horses, and that these globulins protect against the toxin. These increased globulins and the inert globulins (which from obvious causes are a very variable factor) are both precipitated by magnesium sulphate. Every animal has a physiological and pathological history more or less widely diverging from the normal, hence absolute conformity in the results obtained is not to be expected, at least with our present methods of differentiation.

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