Photodynamic therapy: Regulation of porphyrin synthesis and hydrolysis from ALA esters

Porphyrin-based photosensitizers are conventional photodynamic agents applied in clinic. However, their clinic application has been overshadowed by the poor water solubility. In addition, they have weak tumor selectivity, which may cause undesirable side effects. The preparation of novel porphyrin derivatives has been explored for the potential application in photodynamic therapy (PDT). To achieve this goal, lactose-conjugated porphyrin nanoparticles (Lac-PorNPs) has been synthesized and characterized. PDT with Lac-PorNPs exhibits tumor-specific cytotoxicity in lactose receptor overexpressed HepG2 cells in vitro and in vivo. In summary, we designed and synthesized lactose conjugates porphyrin with enhanced water-solubility and tumor selectivity. This work expanded the application range of porphyrin-based photosensitizers for cancer treatment.

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The use of 5-aminolevulinic acid and its derivatives in photodynamic therapy and diagnosis

Bulletin of the Military University of Technology ◽

10.5604/01.3001.0012.8498 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 67 (4) ◽

pp. 113-130

Author(s):

Anna Romiszewska ◽

Aneta Bombalska

Keyword(s):

Photodynamic Therapy ◽

Aminolevulinic Acid ◽

Protoporphyrin Ix ◽

Photodynamic Diagnosis ◽

Chemical Derivatives ◽

Therapeutic Outcomes ◽

Keywords Photodynamic Therapy ◽

Therapy And Diagnosis ◽

Derivatives Of ◽

Ala Esters

5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is used as a drug in the photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) of cancer. Combined with irradiation at the appropriate wavelength, it is used as a photosensitizer precursor to identify/kill tumour cells. In cells, 5-aminolevulinic acid is converted to protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), which is the precursor of hemin. Internal application of 5-ALA induces the overproduction of the endogenous photosensitizer, PpIX, which can subsequently be activated by light at the appropriate wavelength. 5-ALA can be applied internally to trans-mutated areas or be injected directly into them. Chemical derivatives of 5ALA have the potential to improve bioavailability, enhance stability and lead to better therapeutic outcomes for treated patients. 5-ALA is currently the most commonly used drug in the photodynamic therapy and diagnosis (PDT/PDD) of cancers. Keywords: photodynamic therapy, photodynamic diagnosis, 5-aminolevulinic acid (5- ALA), esters of 5-aminolevulinic acid, cancer.

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Porphyrin synthesis from ALA derivatives for photodynamic therapy. In vitro and in vivo studies

British Journal of Cancer ◽

10.1038/sj.bjc.6601722 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 90 (8) ◽

pp. 1660-1665 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

C Perotti ◽

H Fukuda ◽

G DiVenosa ◽

A J MacRobert ◽

A Batlle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Photodynamic Therapy ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Porphyrin Synthesis

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Porphyrin synthesis from aminolevulinic acid esters in endothelial cells and its role in photodynamic therapy

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B Biology ◽

10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2009.07.001 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 96 (3) ◽

pp. 249-254 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Lorena Rodriguez ◽

Henriëtte S. de Bruijn ◽

Gabriela Di Venosa ◽

Leandro Mamone ◽

Dominic J. Robinson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Cells ◽

Photodynamic Therapy ◽

Aminolevulinic Acid ◽

Porphyrin Synthesis ◽

Acid Esters

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Photodynamic Therapy

10.1039/9781847551658 ◽

2003 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Keyword(s):

Photodynamic Therapy

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Construction of a near-infrared responsive upconversion nanoplatform against hypoxic tumors via NO-enhanced photodynamic therapy

Nanoscale ◽

10.1039/c9nr10453d ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (14) ◽

pp. 7875-7887 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ying Lan ◽

Xiaohui Zhu ◽

Ming Tang ◽

Yihan Wu ◽

Jing Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Photodynamic Therapy ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Upconversion Nanoparticles

A near-infrared (NIR) activated theranostic nanoplatform based on upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) is developed in order to overcome the hypoxia-associated resistance in photodynamic therapy by photo-release of NO upon NIR illumination.

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Porphyrin-functionalized coordination star polymers and their potential applications in photodynamic therapy

Polymer Chemistry ◽

10.1039/c9py01391a ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (45) ◽

pp. 6116-6121 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Tan Ji ◽

Lei Xia ◽

Wei Zheng ◽

Guang-Qiang Yin ◽

Tao Yue ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Photodynamic Therapy ◽

Self Assembly ◽

Star Polymers ◽

New Family ◽

Potential Applications

We present a new family of porphyrin-functionalized coordination star polymers prepared through combination of coordination-driven self-assembly and post-assembly polymerization. Their self-assembly behaviour in water and potential for photodynamic therapy were demonstrated.

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A nitroreductase-activatable near-infrared theranostic photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy under mild hypoxia

Chemical Communications ◽

10.1039/d0cc02019b ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 56 (43) ◽

pp. 5819-5822

Author(s):

Jing Zheng ◽

Yongzhuo Liu ◽

Fengling Song ◽

Long Jiao ◽

Yingnan Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Photodynamic Therapy ◽

Triplet State ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Mild Hypoxia

In this study, a near-infrared (NIR) theranostic photosensitizer was developed based on a heptamethine aminocyanine dye with a long-lived triplet state.

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