Proteomic changes in Actinidia chinensis shoot during systemic infection with a pandemic Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae strain

2013 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 461-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milena Petriccione ◽  
Ilaria Di Cecco ◽  
Simona Arena ◽  
Andrea Scaloni ◽  
Marco Scortichini
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Actinidia Chinensis

scholarly journals Draft Genome Resources Sequences of Six Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae Strains Isolated from Actinidia chinensis var. deliciosa Leaves in Portugal

2020 ◽  
pp. PHYTO-05-20-018
Author(s):  
Aitana Ares ◽  
Marta Tacão ◽  
Daniela Figueira ◽  
Eva Garcia ◽  
Joana Costa
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Clonal Expansion ◽  
Average Nucleotide Identity ◽  
Actinidia Chinensis ◽  
Valuable Resource ◽  
Genetic Population ◽  
Evolutionary Studies ◽  
Reference Strains

Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae is a quarantine bacterium affecting all the Portuguese main areas of kiwifruit production. We report the draft genome of six P. syringae pv. actinidiae strains isolated from symptomatic leaves of Actinidia chinensis var. deliciosa in a study that determined the genetic population structure of the endophytic and epiphytic populations in two consecutive seasons. Average nucleotide identity values were above 99% similarity with reference strains from P. syringae pv. actinidiae biovar 3. The genomic differences found between these strains confirm the genetic diversity described for P. syringae pv. actinidiae population in Portugal. Furthermore, data provide evidence that the initial clonal expansion of P. syringae pv. actinidiae in Europe was followed by a genomic diversification constituting a valuable resource for epidemiological and evolutionary studies, namely when adopting strategies for epidemics management.

scholarly journals Infection of ZESPRI GOLD kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis Hort16A) lenticels by Pseudomonas syringae pv actinidiae

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 289-289
Author(s):  
N.J. Larsen ◽  
P.W. Sutherland ◽  
I.C. Hallett ◽  
M.K. Jones ◽  
I.P.S. Pushparajah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Actinidia Chinensis ◽  
Gaseous Exchange ◽  
Woody Tissue ◽  
Severe Infections

Pseudomonas syringae pv actinidiae (Psa) is a bacterium whose virulent form (PsaV) causes severe infections of kiwifruit particularly Actinidia chinensis Hort16A Lenticels on kiwifruit canes function as pores allowing gaseous exchange The lenticellular structure penetrates through the periderm potentially allowing bacterial entry and subsequent cortex infection Bacteria have been observed inside and directly below lenticels from ca 3yearold woody tissue from the field To investigate this pathway of bacterial infection further lenticels from three wood ages were inoculated with a strain of PsaV at 109 cfu/ml Brown staining was observed on lenticels 3 days after inoculation on the youngest wood (< 1 year old) Lenticels were sectioned 2 and 4 weeks after inoculation and isolations were conducted from sterilised tissue after 4 weeks Psa was visible inside lenticels of the youngest wood 2 weeks postinoculation and was also isolated from the youngest tissue after 4 weeks Bacteria were not observed in lenticels of older wood and Psa was not isolated

scholarly journals Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae survival in point-inoculated kiwifruit vines

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
Joy L. Tyson ◽  
Michael A. Manning ◽  
Kieran D. Mellow ◽  
Michelle J. Vergara
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Actinidia Chinensis ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Apparently Healthy

The survival and spread over time of Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) in point-inoculated kiwifruit vines is poorly understood. Forty-eight 2-year-old vines of Actinidia chinensis var. deliciosa ‘Hayward’ and A. chinensis var. chinensis ‘Hort16A’ were inoculated 30 cm above the crown, either during the active growth (autumn) or dormant  (winter) period in two successive years. Vines were cultivated for 3—4 years, after which bacterial isolations were made at intervals along the vines from crown to tip. Psa was found up to 220 cm above the inoculation point and in some of the crowns, 30 cm below the inoculation point. The sites where Psa was found within vines were not always contiguous. Fewer vines of ‘Hayward’ developed serious symptoms or died than ‘Hort16A’; however, more surviving vines of ‘Hayward’ were Psa-positive than those of ‘Hort16A’. Psa was able to survive for at least 4 years in apparently healthy kiwifruit vines. This has implications for the movement of asymptomatic budwood to areas without Psa.

scholarly journals Identification and Analysis of NBS-LRR Genes in Actinidia chinensis Genome

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1350
Author(s):  
Tao Wang ◽  
Zhan-Hui Jia ◽  
Ji-Yu Zhang ◽  
Min Liu ◽  
Zhong-Ren Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Domain Architecture ◽  
Bacterial Canker ◽  
Actinidia Chinensis ◽  
R Genes ◽  
Leucine Rich Repeat ◽  
Cis Acting ◽  
Important Disease

Nucleotide-binding site and leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR) genes represent the most important disease resistance genes in plants. The genome sequence of kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) provides resources for the characterization of NBS-LRR genes and identification of new R-genes in kiwifruit. In the present study, we identified 100 NBS-LRR genes in the kiwifruit genome and they were grouped into six distinct classes based on their domain architecture. Of the 100 genes, 79 are truncated non-regular NBS-LRR genes. Except for 37 NBS-LRR genes with no location information, the remaining 63 genes are distributed unevenly across 18 kiwifruit chromosomes and 38.01% of them are present in clusters. Seventeen families of cis-acting elements were identified in the promoters of the NBS-LRR genes, including AP2, NAC, ERF and MYB. Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (pathogen of the kiwifruit bacterial canker) infection induced differential expressions of 16 detected NBS-LRR genes and three of them are involved in plant immunity responses. Our study provides insight of the NBS-LRR genes in kiwifruit and a resource for the identification of new R-genes in the fruit.

scholarly journals The Erwinia amylovora avrRpt2EA Gene Contributes to Virulence on Pear and AvrRpt2EA Is Recognized by Arabidopsis RPS2 When Expressed in Pseudomonas syringae

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 644-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youfu Zhao ◽  
Sheng-Yang He ◽  
George W. Sundin
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Signal Sequence ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Disease Resistance Gene ◽  
Functional Domain ◽  
Tomato Dc3000 ◽  
Native Form ◽  
Specific Regulation ◽  
Blight Disease

The enterobacterium Erwinia amylovora is a devastating plant pathogen causing necrotrophic fire blight disease of apple, pear, and other rosaceous plants. In an attempt to identify genes induced during infection of host plants, we identified and cloned a putative effector gene,avrRpt2EA. The deduced amino-acid sequence of the translated AvrRpt2EA protein is homologous to the effector protein AvrRpt2 previously reported in Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato. These two proteins share 58% identity (70% similarity) in the functional domain; however, the secretion and translocation signal domain varied. The avrRpt2EA promoter region contains a typical ‘hrp box,’ which suggests that avrRpt2EA is regulated by the alternative sigma factor, HrpL. avrRpt2EA was detected in all E. amylovora strains tested but not in other closely related Erwinia species. An avrRpt2EA deletion mutant was reduced in its ability to cause systemic infection on immature pear fruits as compared with the wild-type strain, indicating that avrRpt2EA acts as a virulence factor on its native host. Growth of P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 expressing avrRpt2EA was 10-fold higher than that of P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 in an Arabidopsis rps2 mutant, indicating that avrRpt2EA promotes virulence of P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 on Arabi-dopsis similar to P. syringae pv. tomato avrRpt2. When avrRpt2EA was expressed in P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 in its native form, a weak hypersensitive response (HR) was induced in Arabidopsis; however, a hybrid protein containing the P. syringae pv. tomato avrRpt2 signal sequence, when expressed from the P. syringae pv. tomato avrRpt2 promoter, caused a strong HR. Thus, the signal sequence and promoter of avrRpt2EA may affect its expression, secretion, or translocation, singly or in combination, in P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000. These results indicated that avrRpt2EA is genetically recognized by the RPS2 disease resistance gene in Arabidopsis when expressed in P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000. The results also suggested that although distinct pathogens such as E. amylovora and P. syringae may contain similar effector genes, expression and secretion of these effectors can be under specific regulation by the native pathogen.

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