scholarly journals Identification and Analysis of NBS-LRR Genes in Actinidia chinensis Genome

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1350
Author(s):  
Tao Wang ◽  
Zhan-Hui Jia ◽  
Ji-Yu Zhang ◽  
Min Liu ◽  
Zhong-Ren Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Domain Architecture ◽  
Bacterial Canker ◽  
Actinidia Chinensis ◽  
R Genes ◽  
Leucine Rich Repeat ◽  
Cis Acting ◽  
Important Disease

Nucleotide-binding site and leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR) genes represent the most important disease resistance genes in plants. The genome sequence of kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) provides resources for the characterization of NBS-LRR genes and identification of new R-genes in kiwifruit. In the present study, we identified 100 NBS-LRR genes in the kiwifruit genome and they were grouped into six distinct classes based on their domain architecture. Of the 100 genes, 79 are truncated non-regular NBS-LRR genes. Except for 37 NBS-LRR genes with no location information, the remaining 63 genes are distributed unevenly across 18 kiwifruit chromosomes and 38.01% of them are present in clusters. Seventeen families of cis-acting elements were identified in the promoters of the NBS-LRR genes, including AP2, NAC, ERF and MYB. Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (pathogen of the kiwifruit bacterial canker) infection induced differential expressions of 16 detected NBS-LRR genes and three of them are involved in plant immunity responses. Our study provides insight of the NBS-LRR genes in kiwifruit and a resource for the identification of new R-genes in the fruit.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of HEXOKINASE1 in plant innate immunity

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wu Jing ◽  
Shahab Uddin ◽  
Rupak Chakraborty ◽  
Duong Thu Van Anh ◽  
Donah Mary Macoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Glucose Sensor ◽  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Interacting Protein ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Effector Triggered Immunity ◽  
Callose Formation ◽  
Molecular Patterns

AbstractHexokinase1 (HXK1) is an Arabidopsis glucose sensor that has a variety of roles during plant growth and devlopment, including during germination, flowering, and senescence. HXK1 also acts as a positive regulator of plant immune responses. Previous research suggested that HXK1 might influence plant immune responses via responses to glucose. Plant immune responses are governed by two main pathways: PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI). PTI involves the recognition of Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) and leads to increased callose formation and accumulation of pathogenesis response (PR) proteins. ETI acts in response to effectors secreted by Gram-negative bacteria. During ETI, the membrane-localized protein RPM1-interacting protein 4 (RIN4) becomes phosphorylated in reponse to interactions with effectors and mediates the downstream response. In this study, the effects of glucose on plant immune responses against infection with Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 and other P. syringae strains were investigated in the presence and absence of HXK1. Infiltration of leaves with glucose prior to infection led to decreases in bacterial populations and reductions in disease symptoms in wild-type Arabidopsis plants, indicating that glucose plays a role in plant immunity. Both PTI and ETI responses were affected. However, these effects were not observed in a hxk1 mutant, indicating that the effects of glucose on plant immune responses were mediated by HXK1-related pathways.

scholarly journals Fasciclin-like arabinogalactan gene family in Nicotiana benthamiana: genome-wide identification, classification and expression in response to pathogens

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyang Wu ◽  
Yuchao Lai ◽  
Lanqing Lv ◽  
Mengfei Ji ◽  
Kelei Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Nicotiana Benthamiana ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Arabinogalactan Proteins ◽  
Cis Acting ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Plant Pathogen Interactions

Abstract Background: Nicotiana benthamiana is widely used as a model plant to study plant-pathogen interactions. Fasciclin-like arabinogalactan proteins (FLAs), a subclass of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs), participate in mediating plant growth, development and response to abiotic stress. However, the members of FLAs in N. benthamiana and their response to plant pathogens are unknown.Results: 38 NbFLAs were identified from a genome-wide study. NbFLAs could be divided into four subclasses, and their gene structure and motif composition were conserved in each subclass. NbFLAs may be regulated by cis-acting elements such as STRE and MBS, and could possibly be the targets of transcription factors like C2H2. Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) results showed that selected NbFLAs were differentially expressed in different tissues. All of the selected NbFLAs were significantly downregulated following infection by turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) and most of them also by Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (Pst) strain DC3000 (Pst DC3000), suggesting possible roles in response to pathogenic infection.Conclusions: This study systematically identified FLAs in N. benthamiana, and indicates their potential roles in response to biotic stress. The identification of NbFLAs will facilitate further studies of their role in plant immunity in N. benthamiana.

scholarly journals Fasciclin-like arabinogalactan gene family in Nicotiana benthamiana: genome-wide identification, classification and expression in response to pathogens

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyang Wu ◽  
Yuchao Lai ◽  
Lanqing Lv ◽  
Mengfei Ji ◽  
Kelei Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Nicotiana Benthamiana ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Arabinogalactan Proteins ◽  
Cis Acting ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Plant Pathogen Interactions

Abstract Background: Nicotiana benthamiana is widely used as a model plant to study plant-pathogen interactions. Fasciclin-like arabinogalactan proteins (FLAs), a subclass of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs), participate in mediating plant growth, development and response to abiotic stress. However, the members of FLAs in N. benthamiana and their response to plant pathogens are unknown.Results: 38 NbFLAs were identified from a genome-wide study. NbFLAs could be divided into four subclasses, and their gene structure and motif composition were conserved in each subclass. NbFLAs may be regulated by cis-acting elements such as STRE and MBS, and may be the targets of transcription factors like C2H2. Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) results showed that selected NbFLAs were differentially expressed in different tissues. All of the selected NbFLAs were significantly downregulated following infection by turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) and most of them also by Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato strain DC3000 (Pst DC3000), suggesting possible roles in response to pathogenic infection.Conclusions: This study systematically identified FLAs in N. benthamiana, and indicates their potential roles in response to biotic stress. The identification of NbFLAs will facilitate further studies of their role in plant immunity in N. benthamiana.

scholarly journals Kiwifruit bacterial canker in Hayward kiwifruit Design of a quantitative questionnaire for kiwifruit growers

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
K.J. Froud ◽  
N. Cogger ◽  
R.M. Beresford
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Postal Questionnaire ◽  
Disease Prevalence ◽  
Bacterial Canker ◽  
Actinidia Chinensis ◽  
Disease Risk Factor ◽  
Risk Factor Prevalence

Longer term effects of Pseudomonas syringae pv actinidiae biovar 3 (Psa) on Hayward kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis var deliciosa) production are unclear and there is uncertainty about what impact orchard activities could have on disease prevalence The aim of the present study was to determine the validity of the data obtained from a crosssectional observational study using a quantitative postal questionnaire on disease and risk factor prevalence from commercial growers of Hayward The questionnaire was sent to 1669 growers and 442 responded (26) a response rate similar to that of other agriculture surveys in New Zealand Nonresponses were analysed against a range of factors to assess response bias There was a higher response rate from organic growers and those affiliated with specific packhouses There were no differences between responders and nonresponders according to the period of time their orchard had been infected with Psa or to orchard productivity We conclude that a postal questionnaire was an effective way to obtain quantitative disease risk factor and hygiene data from commercial producers

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