Organic crystal lattices in the axial filament of silica spicules of Demospongiae

Energy for sperm motility is provided by both glycolytic and respiratory pathways. Mitochondria are involved in the latter pathway and conserve energy of substrate oxidation by coupling to phosphorylation. During spermatogenesis, the mitochondria undergo extensive transformation which in many species leads to the formation of a nebemkem. The nebemkem subsequently forms into a helix around the axial filament complex in the middle piece of spermatozoa.Immature spermatozoa of axolotls contain numerous small spherical mitochondria which are randomly distributed throughout the cytoplasm (Fig. 1). As maturation progresses, the mitochondria appear to migrate to the middle piece region where they become tightly packed to form a crystalline-like sheath. The cytoplasm in this region is no longer abundant (Fig. 2) and the plasma membrane is now closely apposed to the outside of the mitochondrial layer.

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The Interpretation of Crystal Lattice Images

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010009600x ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 30 ◽

pp. 550-551

Author(s):

J. M. Cowley ◽

Sumio Iijima

Keyword(s):

Crystal Orientation ◽

Diffraction Theory ◽

Phase Changes ◽

Electron Wave ◽

Crystal Lattices ◽

Heavy Atoms ◽

Lattice Images ◽

The Right ◽

Intuitive Interpretation ◽

Suitable Approximation

The imaging of detailed structures of crystal lattices with 3 to 4Å resolution, given the correct conditions of microscope defocus and crystal orientation and thickness, has been used by Iijima (this conference) for the study of new types of crystal structures and the defects in known structures associated with fluctuations of stoichiometry. The image intensities may be computed using n-beam dynamical diffraction theory involving several hundred beams (Fejes, this conference). However it is still important to have a suitable approximation to provide an immediate rough estimate of contrast and an evaluation of the intuitive interpretation in terms of an amplitude object.For crystals 100 to 150Å thick containing moderately heavy atoms the phase changes of the electron wave vary by about 10 radians suggesting that the “optimum defocus” theory of amplitude contrast for thin phase objects due to Scherzer and others can not apply, although it does predict the right defocus for optimum imaging.

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Atomic resolution Z-contrast imaging of bulk crystal surfaces in Scanning Reflection Electron Microscopy

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010017520x ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 414-415

Author(s):

Z. L. Wang ◽

J. Bentley

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Elastic Scattering ◽

Dark Field ◽

Contrast Imaging ◽

Crystal Lattices ◽

Small Probe ◽

Scanning Transmission ◽

Annular Dark Field ◽

Image Position ◽

Z Contrast

The success of obtaining atomic-number-sensitive (Z-contrast) images in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) has shown the feasibility of imaging composition changes at the atomic level. This type of image is formed by collecting the electrons scattered through large angles when a small probe scans across the specimen. The image contrast is determined by two scattering processes. One is the high angle elastic scattering from the nuclear sites,where ϕNe is the electron probe function centered at bp = (Xp, yp) after penetrating through the crystal; F denotes a Fourier transform operation; D is the detection function of the annular-dark-field (ADF) detector in reciprocal space u. The other process is thermal diffuse scattering (TDS), which is more important than the elastic contribution for specimens thicker than about 10 nm, and thus dominates the Z-contrast image. The TDS is an average “elastic” scattering of the electrons from crystal lattices of different thermal vibrational configurations,

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Progress in Organic Crystal Transistors for High-Performance Organic Electronics

10.1557/proc-1115-h05-64 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Jun Takeya ◽

Takafumi Uemura ◽

M. Uno ◽

Masakazu Yamagishi ◽

Yukihiro Tominari

Keyword(s):

Organic Electronics ◽

High Performance ◽

Organic Crystal

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Synthesis, Characterisation and Structural Studies of [Zn(phen)3][Fe(CN)5(NO)]·2H2O·0.25MeOH and [(bipy)2(H2O)Zn(μ-NC)Fe(CN)4(NO)]·0.5H2O

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B ◽

10.1515/znb-2003-0913 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 58 (9) ◽

pp. 916-921 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Amitabha Datta ◽

Samiran Mitra ◽

Georgina Rosair

Keyword(s):

Infrared Spectroscopy ◽

Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽

Octahedral Geometry ◽

Distorted Octahedral Geometry ◽

Structural Studies ◽

Crystal Lattices ◽

X Ray ◽

X Ray Crystallography ◽

Distorted Octahedral ◽

Solvent Molecules

Two new bimetallic complexes [Zn(phen)3][Fe(CN)5(NO)] · 2 H2O · 0.25 MeOH, (1) and [(bipy)2(H2O)Zn(μ-NC)Fe(CN)4(NO)] · 0.5 H2O, (2), have been isolated (where phen = 1,10-phenanthroline and bipy = bipyridyl) and characterised by X-ray crystallography [as the 2 H2O · 0.25 CH3OH solvate for (1) and hemihydrate for (2)] infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. Substitution of phenanthroline for bipyridyl resulted in a cyano-bridged bimetallic species rather than two discrete mononuclear metal complexes. The bond angles of Fe-N-O were shown to be practically linear for both 1 [179.2(7)°] and 2 [178.3(3)°], and the Zn atoms have distorted octahedral geometry. The solvent molecules in both crystal lattices take part in forming hydrogen-bonded networks.

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A Multidirectional Superelastic Organic Crystal by Versatile Ferroelastical Manipulation

Angewandte Chemie International Edition ◽

10.1002/anie.201914954 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 59 (11) ◽

pp. 4340-4343 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Toshiyuki Sasaki ◽

Shunichi Sakamoto ◽

Yuichi Takasaki ◽

Satoshi Takamizawa

Keyword(s):

Organic Crystal

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A plastically bendable and polar organic crystal

CrystEngComm ◽

10.1039/d1ce00724f ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sotaro Kusumoto ◽

Akira Sugimoto ◽

Daisuke Kosumi ◽

Yang Kim ◽

Yoshihiro Sekine ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Stress ◽

Polar Space ◽

Organic Crystal ◽

Space Group ◽

High Dielectric

In this communication, an organic crystal of the polar space group Pc that is capable of plastically bending in response to external mechanical stress is reported, and its high dielectric...

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