The new dynamic isotonic manipulation examination (DIME) is a highly sensitive secondary screening tool for supraspinatus full-thickness tears

Context: Shoulder pain and dysfunction are common, with patients presenting complaints to both primary and orthopaedic physicians. History and physical examination remain essential to creating a differential diagnosis, even as noninvasive imaging has improved. Evidence Acquisition: Literature was obtained through keyword searches based on the pathology in question (eg, rotator cuff) and the keywords physical examination using PubMed from January 1, 1980, through September 20, 2017. Additional evidence was obtained through screening references from articles identified through the PubMed searches. Study Design: Clinical review. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Results: A total of 7817 articles were screened for relevance. Several physical examination maneuvers have been described for each specific pathology. The Neer sign has a 75% sensitivity for subacromial impingement (SAI), while the Hawkins-Kennedy test has an 80% sensitivity. The painful arc test has an 80% specificity for SAI. The apprehension test has a hazard ratio of 2.96 for anterior shoulder instability. The Jobe test has a sensitivity of 52.6% and a specificity of 82.4% for full-thickness supraspinatus tears, confirmed on arthroscopy. The lag sign is highly sensitive and specific for combined full-thickness supraspinatus and infraspinatus tears at 97% and 93%, respectively. The Speed test has a sensitivity of 54% and specificity of 81% for biceps pathology. The anterior slide test and O’Brien active compression test have been described for superior labrum anterior posterior tears with inconsistent reliability. The cross-body adduction test has a sensitivity of 77% and a specificity of 79% for acromioclavicular joint pathology. Conclusion: Several physical examination maneuvers can isolate specific pathology of the shoulder, with widely ranging sensitivity and specificity.

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Validation of a secondary screening tool for autism spectrum disorder in toddlers to improve patient care and workflow

Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology ◽

10.1111/dmcn.39_13511 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 59 ◽

pp. 28-29

Keyword(s):

Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽

Patient Care ◽

Screening Tool ◽

Improve Patient Care ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Spectrum Disorder ◽

Secondary Screening ◽

Improve Patient

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The role of the Sapienza GLObal Bedside Evaluation of Swallowing after Stroke (GLOBE-3S) in the prevention of stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP)

Neurological Sciences ◽

10.1007/s10072-021-05449-y ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

T. B. Jannini ◽

M. Ruggiero ◽

A. Viganò ◽

A. Comanducci ◽

I. Maestrini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Screening Tool ◽

Function Analysis ◽

Screening Method ◽

Screening Tools ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Silent Aspiration ◽

Highly Sensitive ◽

Dysphagic Patients ◽

Swallowing Screening

Abstract Background and purpose Stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) affects 10 to 38% of patients in the acute phase of stroke. Stroke patients diagnosed with dysphagia have an 11-fold higher risk of developing SAP. Thus, identifying dysphagic patients through a highly accurate screening tool might be crucial in reducing the incidence of SAP. We present a case–control study designed to evaluate efficacy in reducing the risk of SAP between two swallowing screening tools, the classic water swallow test (WST) and a recently validated tool such as the GLOBE-3S (the Sapienza GLObal Bedside Evaluation of Swallowing after Stroke), which is a highly sensitive swallowing screening tool particularly accurate in detecting silent aspiration as well. Methods We analyzed the occurrence of dysphagia in 100 acute stroke patients distributed in two groups: half were screened with WST and the other half with GLOBE-3S. Results Dysphagia was diagnosed in 28 patients. The main result is that, among patients who passed the dysphagia screenings, none of those screened with the GLOBE-3S method developed pneumonia compared to 31.82% in the WST group. Discriminant function analysis (DFA) showed that NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score and the dysphagia screening method (i.e., GLOBE-3S vs. WST) were the two main factors in the SAP’s predicting model and the only significant ones per se. Conclusions The new GLOBE-3S screening test can reduce the risk of SAP compared to WST.

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Ultrasound as a secondary screening tool in mammographically dense breasts

Radiographer ◽

10.1002/j.2051-3909.2006.tb00045.x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 53 (1) ◽

pp. 20-23

Author(s):

Kylie Griggs

Keyword(s):

Screening Tool ◽

Dense Breasts ◽

Secondary Screening

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Role of Nail Fold Capillaroscopy as A Method of Early Detection of Atherosclerosis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients

QJM ◽

10.1093/qjmed/hcab100.071 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Hanan Mohamed Farouk ◽

Rasha Mahmoud Mohamed ◽

Fatma Mohammad Aboud ◽

Huda Taha Hussein

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Screening Tool ◽

Intima Media Thickness ◽

Systemic Lupus Erythematosis ◽

University Hospitals ◽

Systemic Lupus ◽

Highly Sensitive ◽

Carotid Doppler

Abstract Background The development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease as a consequence Systemic Lupus Erythematosis is a common and dangerous complication in patients with SLE. However, since the prevalence of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease is variable and increasing by time, universal screening would imply a large number of unnecessary carotid Doppler. Objective To study the early prediction of atherosclerosis and the cardiovascular risk in SLE patients by Nail fold capillaroscopy and the Intima media thickness of the Carotid artery. Patients and Methods All Patients were subjected to full history taking, full clinical examination, laboratory investigations, carotid Doppler and nail fold capillaroscopy. In this study, we prospectively collected data on 30 consecutive patients referred to Ain Shams University hospitals and The National Research Institute. Results However, nail fold changes was significantly higher in patients with IM thickness changes indicative of atherosclerosis with SLE: it was proved to be highly sensitive and adequately specific in predicting the atherosclerosis in those patients. Conclusion IM thickness and nail fold capillaroscopy could be used as a guiding noninvasive screening tool in patients with SLE to predict the atherosclerosis and CV risk. Nail fold changes is correlated to the atherosclerotic changes happening in SLE patients. These results may lead to a reduction in the number of SLE patients with undiagnosed atherosclerosis and CV risk. Nail fold capillarscopy may also help alleviate the financial and disinfection burdens of radiology units as well as the medical costs associated with atherosclerosis and CV risk. Nail fold capillaroscopy can be used as a screening tool before doing carotid Doppler.

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Ovarian Dysfunction in Fetally Irradiated Beagles

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100080717 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. 658-659

Author(s):

T. M. Seed ◽

M. H. Sanderson ◽

D. L. Gutzeit ◽

T. E. Fritz ◽

D. V. Tolle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gamma Rays ◽

Low Dose ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Ovarian Dysfunction ◽

Dose Rates ◽

Highly Sensitive ◽

Microscopic Evaluation ◽

Ovarian Pathology ◽

Normal Offspring

The developing mammalian fetus is thought to be highly sensitive to ionizing radiation. However, dose, dose-rate relationships are not well established, especially the long term effects of protracted, low-dose exposure. A previous report (1) has indicated that bred beagle bitches exposed to daily doses of 5 to 35 R 60Co gamma rays throughout gestation can produce viable, seemingly normal offspring. Puppies irradiated in utero are distinguishable from controls only by their smaller size, dental abnormalities, and, in adulthood, by their inability to bear young.We report here our preliminary microscopic evaluation of ovarian pathology in young pups continuously irradiated throughout gestation at daily (22 h/day) dose rates of either 0.4, 1.0, 2.5, or 5.0 R/day of gamma rays from an attenuated 60Co source. Pups from non-irradiated bitches served as controls. Experimental animals were evaluated clinically and hematologically (control + 5.0 R/day pups) at regular intervals.

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Fluorescence ratio imaging of dynamic intracellular ionic signals

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100102298 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. 42-43

Author(s):

R. Y. Tsien ◽

A. Minta ◽

M. Poenie ◽

J.P.Y. Kao ◽

A. Harootunian

Keyword(s):

Binding Sites ◽

Living Cells ◽

Molecular Engineering ◽

Ph Indicators ◽

Highly Sensitive ◽

Fluorescence Ratio Imaging ◽

Ratio Imaging ◽

Technical Advances ◽

Indicator Dyes ◽

Fluorescein Dyes

Recent technical advances now enable the continuous imaging of important ionic signals inside individual living cells with micron spatial resolution and subsecond time resolution. This methodology relies on the molecular engineering of indicator dyes whose fluorescence is strong and highly sensitive to ions such as Ca2+, H+, or Na+, or Mg2+. The Ca2+ indicators, exemplified by fura-2 and indo-1, derive their high affinity (Kd near 200 nM) and selectivity for Ca2+ to a versatile tetracarboxylate binding site3 modeled on and isosteric with the well known chelator EGTA. The most commonly used pH indicators are fluorescein dyes (such as BCECF) modified to adjust their pKa's and improve their retention inside cells. Na+ indicators are crown ethers with cavity sizes chosen to select Na+ over K+: Mg2+ indicators use tricarboxylate binding sites truncated from those of the Ca2+ chelators, resulting in a more compact arrangement of carboxylates to suit the smaller ion.

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