Effects of spinosad and spinetoram on larval mortality, adult emergence, progeny production and mating in Cadra cautella (Walk.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Susceptibility of Fifth-Instar Indianmeal Moth and Almond Moth (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) to Cyfluthrin Residues on Peanuts1

Journal of Entomological Science ◽

10.18474/0749-8004-30.3.318 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 318-323 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Frank H. Arthur

Keyword(s):

Storage Time ◽

Adult Emergence ◽

Plodia Interpunctella ◽

Quadratic Regression ◽

Indianmeal Moth ◽

Cadra Cautella ◽

Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽

Almond Moth

Inshell peanuts treated with 10, 14, 18, and 22 ppm cyfluthrin were bioassayed with fifth instar Indianmeal moths, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) and fifth-instar almond moths, Cadra cautella (Walker), after 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 months of storage. Emergence of the adult almond moth was greater than Indianmeal moth emergence at residual bioassays of 14, 18, and 22 ppm. Regression of increasing emergence with storage time was significant for the Indianmeal moth at 22 ppm and the almond moth at 14 and 22 ppm. For both species, adult emergence decreased as cyfluthrin concentration increased and was described by quadratic regression.

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Potential of an Insect Growth Regulator in the Management of the Rice Moth Corcyra Cephalonica Stainton, 1866 (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Polish Journal of Entomology / Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne ◽

10.2478/pjen-2014-0006 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 83 (1) ◽

pp. 79-97 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Priyanka Tripathi ◽

S.K. Tiwari

Keyword(s):

Larval Mortality ◽

Adult Emergence ◽

Potential Effect ◽

Insect Growth Regulator ◽

Corcyra Cephalonica ◽

Adult Longevity ◽

Growth Duration ◽

Rice Moth ◽

Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽

Pupal Mortality

Abstract The present investigation reveals the influence of methoprene, an IGR, on the ontogeny, growth duration and adult longevity of the rice moth Corcyra cephalonica. Twenty-five larvae of different instars (1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th) of C. cephalonica were exposed to the juvenile hormone analogue methoprene in order to evaluate its potential effect on larval mortality, pupation, pupal mortality, adult emergence, growth duration and adult longevity. These different instars larvae were treated with 2, 4, 8 and 12 ppm of methoprene in an artificial diet (coarsely ground jowar mixed with 5% yeast powder) where the control received acetone alone. The results reveal significant differences in all the parameters mentioned above as compared to the control.

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Evaluation of indigenous the nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV) of Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in combination with chlorantraniliprole against Spodoptera species

Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control ◽

10.1186/s41938-021-00403-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ghulam Sarwar ◽

Naeem Arshad Maan ◽

Muhammad Ahsin Ayub ◽

Muhammad Rafiq Shahid ◽

Mubasher Ahmad Malik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Larval Mortality ◽

Adult Emergence ◽

Lethal Concentration ◽

Pest Species ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Chemical Insecticide ◽

Larval Instars ◽

Novel Method ◽

High Larval Mortality ◽

Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Abstract Background The armyworms, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner), and S. litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) are polyphagous pests of many cash crops. Heavy crop losses have been reported for the fruit and vegetable crops each year owing to the diverse impact on global economies. The present study was aimed to sort out a novel method of pest control using the insect’s own nucleopolyhedrosis virus (NPV) alone and in combination with a new chemistry insecticide chlorantraniliprole. Results In the study, the effect of indigenous isolated nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV) and the chemical insecticide (chlorantraniliprole) formulations against the 2nd and 4th larval instars of S. litura and S. exigua, collected from the different geographical region of Punjab (Pakistan) province, was evaluated. Three concentrations of the NPV isolate, sub-lethal (1 × 104, 6 × 104 POB ml−1), lethal (3 × 105 POB ml−1), and chlorantraniliprole 0.01 μl l−1, were applied alone and in combination against the 2nd and 4th larval instars of both pest species. The lethal concentration of NPV + chlorantraniliprole exhibited synergistic interaction and caused high larval mortality against both instars, while in all other combinations, additive effect was observed. Moreover, NPV + chlorantraniliprole at lethal concentration exhibited decreased pupation, adult emergence, and egg eclosion. Conclusion The implications of using NPV alone and in combination with an insecticide are discussed briefly in this study.

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Effect of gallic acid on the larvae of Spodoptera litura and its parasitoid Bracon hebetor

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-80232-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Abhay Punia ◽

Nalini Singh Chauhan ◽

Drishtant Singh ◽

Anup Kumar Kesavan ◽

Sanehdeep Kaur ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gallic Acid ◽

Spodoptera Litura ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Larval Mortality ◽

Adult Emergence ◽

Egg Hatching ◽

Bracon Hebetor ◽

Total Hemocyte Count ◽

Glutathione S Transferases ◽

Immense Potential

AbstractThe antibiosis effect of gallic acid on Spodoptera litura F. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its parasitoid evaluated by feeding six days old larvae on artificial diet incorporated with different concentrations (5 ppm, 25 ppm, 125 ppm, 625 ppm, 3125 ppm) of the phenolic compound revealed higher concentration (LC50) of gallic acid had a negative impact on the survival and physiology of S. litura and its parasitoid Bracon hebetor (Say) (Hymenoptera:Braconidae). The mortality of S. litura larvae was increased whereas adult emergence declined with increasing concentration of gallic acid. The developmental period was delayed significantly and all the nutritional indices were reduced significantly with increase in concentration. Higher concentration (LC50) of gallic acid adversely affected egg hatching, larval mortality, adult emergence and total development period of B. hebetor. At lower concentration (LC30) the effect on B. hebetor adults and larvae was non-significant with respect to control. Gene expression for the enzymes viz., Superoxide dismutase, Glutathione peroxidase, Peroxidase, Esterases and Glutathione S transferases increased while the total hemocyte count of S. litura larvae decreased with treatment. Our findings suggest that gallic acid even at lower concentration (LC30) can impair the growth of S. litura larvae without causing any significant harm to its parasitoid B. hebetor and has immense potential to be used as biopesticides.

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Effect of Pheromone Blend Components, Sex Ratio, and Population Size on the Mating of Cadra cautella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Journal of Insect Science ◽

10.1093/jisesa/ieaa128 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Abeysinghe Mudiyanselage Prabodha Sammani ◽

Dissanayaka Mudiyanselage Saman Kumara Dissanayaka ◽

Leanage Kanaka Wolly Wijayaratne ◽

William Robert Morrison

Keyword(s):

Sex Ratio ◽

Population Size ◽

Management Practices ◽

Mating Disruption ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Mating Status ◽

Cadra Cautella ◽

Synthetic Chemicals ◽

Population Sizes ◽

Lepidoptera Pyralidae

Abstract The almond moth Cadra cautella (Walker), a key pest of storage facilities, is difficult to manage using synthetic chemicals. Pheromone-based management methods remain a high priority due to advantages over conventional management practices, which typically use insecticides. Cadra cautella females release a blend of pheromone including (Z, E)-9,12-tetradecadienyl acetate (ZETA) and (Z)-9-tetradecadien-1-yl acetate (ZTA). The effect of these components on mating of C. cautella and how response varies with the population density and sex ratio remain unknown. In this study, the mating status of C. cautella was studied inside mating cages under different ratios of ZETA and ZTA diluted in hexane and at different population sizes either with equal or unequal sex ratio. The lowest percentage of mated females (highest mating disruption [MD] effects), corresponding to roughly 12.5%, was produced by a 5:1 and 3.3:1 ratio of ZETA:ZTA. Populations with equal sex ratio showed the lowest percentage of mated females, at 20% and 12.5% under lower and higher density, respectively. The next lowest percentage of mated females was produced when the sex ratio was set to 1: 2 and 2:1 male:female, with just 25% and 22.5% of moths mated, respectively. This study shows that mating status of C. cautella is influenced by ZETA:ZTA ratio, sex ratio, and population size. This current knowledge would have useful implications for mating disruption programs.

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Impact of conventional insecticides on two bollworms and their indirect effects on the ectoparasitoid, Bracon brevicornis (Wesmael) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

Bulletin of the National Research Centre ◽

10.1186/s42269-019-0250-3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mervat A. Kandil ◽

Hemat Z. Moustafa

Keyword(s):

Indirect Effects ◽

Larval Mortality ◽

Adult Emergence ◽

Immature Stage ◽

Pectinophora Gossypiella ◽

Earias Insulana ◽

Pupal Development ◽

Percentage Mortality ◽

Biological Aspects ◽

Newly Hatched Larvae

Abstract Background Cotton bollworms such as Pectinophora gossypiella and Earias insulana are serious pests which destroy the cotton plant, and Bracon brevicornis is a parasitoid which attacked the larvae of bollworms. Results In this study, experiments were performed to investigate and evaluate the toxicity of etofenprox and chlorpyrifos insecticides against newly hatched larvae of Pectinophora gossypiella and Earias insulana. Some biological aspects of compound effects on larval and pupal duration, percentage of mortality, and percentage of adult emergence which resulted from treated newly hatched larvae were studied. The results revealed that LC50 was 0.7 and 0.87 ppm when P. gossypiella was treated with etofenprox and chlorpyrifos, respectively, while LC50 was 0.09 and 0.73 ppm when E. insulana was treated with etofenprox and chlorpyrifos, respectively. The obtained results showed that the percentage of mean larval mortality was 65.0 and 63.0% for treated P. gossypiella, while it was 71.0 and 66.0% for treated E. insulana. The corresponding figure for pupal percentage mortality was 8.0 and 10.0% for treated P. gossypiella, but it was 5.0 and 2.0% for treated E. insulana, with etofenprox and chlorpyrifos, and a prolongation effect in larval and pupal development (total immature stage) resulted from treated both bollworms as follows: 35.5 and 32.4 days for treated P. gossypiella compared with 21.9 days in control and 34.7 and 23.2 days for treated E. insulana compared with 23.1 days in control. The indirect effect of etofenprox and chlorpyrifos on the total immature stage of Bracon brevicornis was 18.2 and 19.5 days compared with 14.3 days in control when B. brevicornis parasitized on P. gossypiella larvae while it was 19.8 and 20.6 days compared with 15.2 days when B. brevicornis parasitized on E. insulana larvae. Conclusion The life cycle of B. brevicornis after parasitism on P. gossypiella and E. insulana larvae treated with etofenprox and chlorpyrifos were increased than the control larvae.

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Biological activities of spores and metabolites of some fungal isolates on certain aspects of the spiny bollworms Earias insulana (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control ◽

10.1186/s41938-019-0192-y ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Eman Mohammed Abd-ElAzeem ◽

Warda Ahmed Zaki El-Medany ◽

Hend Mohammed Sabry

Keyword(s):

Biological Activities ◽

Larval Mortality ◽

Adult Emergence ◽

Pupal Weight ◽

Earias Insulana ◽

Dead Larva ◽

Fungal Isolates ◽

Protease Enzyme ◽

Newly Hatched Larvae ◽

Lepidoptera Noctuidae

AbstractBiological activities of spores and metabolites of some fungi isolated from dead larva of the spiny bollworms (SBW), Earias insulana (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), against the newly hatched larvae of the pest were carried out. Results showed that the fungi Metarhizium anisopliae, Acremonium sp., and Paecilomyces variotii had affected the newly hatched larvae of (SBW). Acremonium sp. was the most potent one as it had the highest newly hatched larval mortality percentage (65 and 58.33%) for its spore suspension and metabolites, respectively, while the lowest one (41%) was for P. variotii metabolites. Also, spore suspensions of the all fungal isolates had the highest larval mortality than fungal metabolites. Studying the enzymatic activity showed that Acremonium sp. produced protease enzyme on media containing gelatin, which caused the highest larval mortality (72.22%).These isolates showed different effects on all stages of the pest and decreased pupal weight, adult emergence percentages, deposited eggs, and hatchability percentages than the control. Identification of Acremonium sp. EZ1 was confirmed using 18 s rRNA and its accession number MN25101.

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