Pharmacokinetic Profile of Sildenafil Citrate in Healthy Middle Eastern Males: Comparison with Other Ethnicities

The concept of citizenship was introduced to the Arab and Islamic region duringthe colonial period. The law of citizenship, like all other laws and regulations inthe Middle East, was influenced by the colonial legacy that impacted the tribal and paternalistic systems in all aspects of life. In addition to the colonial legacy, most constitutions in the Middle East draw on the Islamic shari’a (law) as a major source of legislation, which in turn enhances the paternalistic system in the social sector in all its dimensions, as manifested in many individual laws and the legislative processes with respect to family status issues. Family is considered the nucleus of society in most Middle Eastern countries, and this is specifically reflected in the personal status codes. In the name of this legal principle, women’s submission is being entrenched, along with censorship over her body, control of her reproductive role, sexual life, and fertility.

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Significance of In-Vitro and In-Vivo Correlation in Drug Delivery System

Research in Pharmacy and Health Sciences ◽

10.32463/rphs.2018.v04i04.23 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 523-531

Author(s):

Hina Mumtaz ◽

Muhammad Asim Farooq ◽

Zainab Batool ◽

Anam Ahsan ◽

Ashikujaman Syed

Keyword(s):

Dosage Form ◽

Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽

Pharmacokinetic Profile ◽

In Vitro Dissolution ◽

Time Saving ◽

Pharmaceutical Dosage Form ◽

Short Period ◽

Form Development

The main purpose of development pharmaceutical dosage form is to find out the in vivo and in vitro behavior of dosage form. This challenge is overcome by implementation of in-vivo and in-vitro correlation. Application of this technique is economical and time saving in dosage form development. It shortens the period of development dosage form as well as improves product quality. IVIVC reduce the experimental study on human because IVIVC involves the in vivo relevant media utilization in vitro specifications. The key goal of IVIVC is to serve as alternate for in vivo bioavailability studies and serve as justification for bio waivers. IVIVC follows the specifications and relevant quality control parameters that lead to improvement in pharmaceutical dosage form development in short period of time. Recently in-vivo in-vitro correlation (IVIVC) has found application to predict the pharmacokinetic behaviour of pharmaceutical preparations. It has emerged as a reliable tool to find the mode of absorption of several dosage forms. It is used to correlate the in-vitro dissolution with in vivo pharmacokinetic profile. IVIVC made use to predict the bioavailability of the drug of particular dosage form. IVIVC is satisfactory for the therapeutic release profile specifications of the formulation. IVIVC model has capability to predict plasma drug concentration from in vitro dissolution media.

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Book Reviews

Kurdish Studies ◽

10.33182/ks.v1i1.387 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 91-106

Author(s):

Janet Klein ◽

David Romano ◽

Michael M. Gunter ◽

Joost Jongerden ◽

Atakan İnce ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Middle Eastern ◽

Nation Building ◽

Eastern Anatolia ◽

Oxford University ◽

National Movement ◽

The World ◽

Modern Turkey ◽

Oxford University Press

Uğur Ümit Üngör, The Making of Modern Turkey: Nation and State in Eastern Anatolia, 1913-1950, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011, 352 pp. (ISBN: 9780199603602).Mohammed M. A. Ahmed, Iraqi Kurds and Nation-Building. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012, 294 pp., (ISBN: 978-1-137-03407-6), (paper). Ofra Bengio, The Kurds of Iraq: Building a State within a State. Boulder, CO and London, UK: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2012, xiv + 346 pp., (ISBN 978-1-58826-836-5), (hardcover). Cengiz Gunes, The Kurdish National Movement in Turkey, from Protest to Resistance, London: Routledge, 2012, 256 pp., (ISBN: 978-0-415—68047-9). Aygen, Gülşat, Kurmanjî Kurdish. Languages of the World/Materials 468, München: Lincom Europa, 2007, 92 pp., (ISBN: 9783895860706), (paper).Barzoo Eliassi, Contesting Kurdish Identities in Sweden: Quest for Belonging among Middle Eastern Youth, Oxford: New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013, 234 pp. (ISBN: 9781137282071).

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