Recognition judgments under risk: Low confidence when certainty is low

We investigated whether affective integration increases the speed of processing of personality trait knowledge. The fan effect was compared between cases where trait knowledge is stored with the affective value and cases where it is not stored with the affective value. 18 college students first memorized a set of traits about fictitious individuals and then made recognition judgments. In the 2 × 2 factorial repeated-measures design, the number of traits learned about a fictitious individual and whether those traits were integrated by a shared affective value were manipulated. The significant interaction showed that knowledge of personality trait with affective integration was processed quickly even if the particular person's memory had rich connections with traits.

Download Full-text

The dissociations of confidence from accuracy in forced-choice recognition judgments

Journal of Memory and Language ◽

10.1016/j.jml.2020.104189 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 117 ◽

pp. 104189

Author(s):

Maciej Hanczakowski ◽

Ewa Butowska ◽

C. Philip Beaman ◽

Dylan M. Jones ◽

Katarzyna Zawadzka

Keyword(s):

Forced Choice ◽

Recognition Judgments

Download Full-text

Multivariate fMRI and Eye Tracking Reveal Differential Effects of Visual Interference on Recognition Memory Judgments for Objects and Scenes

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience ◽

10.1162/jocn_a_00816 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 27 (9) ◽

pp. 1708-1722 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Edward B. O'Neil ◽

Hilary C. Watson ◽

Sonya Dhillon ◽

Nancy J. Lobaugh ◽

Andy C. H. Lee

Keyword(s):

Object Recognition ◽

Recognition Memory ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Scene Recognition ◽

Visual Object ◽

Object Representations ◽

Match To Sample ◽

Visual Interference ◽

Correct Object ◽

Recognition Judgments

Recent work has demonstrated that the perirhinal cortex (PRC) supports conjunctive object representations that aid object recognition memory following visual object interference. It is unclear, however, how these representations interact with other brain regions implicated in mnemonic retrieval and how congruent and incongruent interference influences the processing of targets and foils during object recognition. To address this, multivariate partial least squares was applied to fMRI data acquired during an interference match-to-sample task, in which participants made object or scene recognition judgments after object or scene interference. This revealed a pattern of activity sensitive to object recognition following congruent (i.e., object) interference that included PRC, prefrontal, and parietal regions. Moreover, functional connectivity analysis revealed a common pattern of PRC connectivity across interference and recognition conditions. Examination of eye movements during the same task in a separate study revealed that participants gazed more at targets than foils during correct object recognition decisions, regardless of interference congruency. By contrast, participants viewed foils more than targets for incorrect object memory judgments, but only after congruent interference. Our findings suggest that congruent interference makes object foils appear familiar and that a network of regions, including PRC, is recruited to overcome the effects of interference.

Download Full-text

Perceptual fluency as a cue for recognition judgments in amnesia.

Neuropsychology ◽

10.1037/0894-4105.13.2.198 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 198-205 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

Mieke Verfaellie ◽

Laird S. Cermak

Keyword(s):

Perceptual Fluency ◽

Recognition Judgments

Download Full-text

Two Processes for Recognition Memory in Children of Early School Age: An Event-related Potential Study

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience ◽

10.1162/jocn.2010.21455 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 435-446 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Axel Mecklinger ◽

Nicole Brunnemann ◽

Kerstin Kipp

Keyword(s):

Recognition Memory ◽

Temporal Dynamics ◽

Event Related Potential ◽

Control Group ◽

Response Condition ◽

Early School ◽

Familiarity And Recollection ◽

Recognition Judgments ◽

Adults And Children ◽

Memory Network

We examined the ERP correlates of familiarity and recollection and their development in 8- to 10-year-old children and a control group of young adults. Capitalizing on the different temporal dynamics of familiarity and recollection, we tested recognition memory in both groups with a speeded and nonspeeded response condition. Consistent with the view that familiarity is available earlier than recollection and by this more relevant for speeded recognition judgments, adults and children showed an early frontal old/new effect, the putative ERP correlate of familiarity in the speeded response condition. No parietal old/new effect, the putative ERP correlate of recollection was obtained in the speeded condition in neither group. Conversely, in the nonspeeded condition, both groups showed the parietal old/new effect, and a frontal effect was additionally observed for adults. In light of the generally lower memory accuracy of the children, these data suggested that children use a weaker and less matured version of the same explicit memory network used by adults in which familiarity and recollection differentially contribute to speeded and nonspeeded recognition memory judgments.

Download Full-text

Motor Encoding Strategy for Pitches of Melodies

Music Perception An Interdisciplinary Journal ◽

10.2307/40285650 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 175-197 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Mariko Mikumo

Keyword(s):

Retention Interval ◽

Finger Tapping ◽

Effective Strategy ◽

Musical Note ◽

Motor Strategy ◽

Blank Interval ◽

Recognition Judgments ◽

Encoding Strategy

The role of a motor strategy of pitch encoding in the processing of melodies was investigated. The encoding task involved finger-tapping analogous to that used in playing the piano. Twelve students highly trained in music made recognition judgments of melodies after a retention interval. Subjects were instructed to use tapping to memorize the pitches of the standard melody. The retention interval consisted of a blank interval, or was filled with an interfering melody, or a series of musical note names, in separate experiments. The findings suggest that (a) tapping can be an effective strategy for pitch encoding; (b) as melody length or duration of the retention interval increased, or when the retention interval was filled, subjects often tried to repeat the finger-tapping pattern in order to retain the standard melodies; (c) repeating the tapping pattern many times could elaborate the fingering of the tapping and consequently the encoding of the melodies; (d) some subjects used a dual encoding strategy, incorporating motor and verbal components.

Download Full-text

Encoding Strategies for Tonal and Atonal Melodies

Music Perception An Interdisciplinary Journal ◽

10.2307/40285539 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 73-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Mariko Mikumo

Keyword(s):

Retention Interval ◽

Recognition Performance ◽

The Other ◽

Trained Group ◽

Effective Strategies ◽

Rehearsal Strategies ◽

Different Types ◽

Recognition Judgments ◽

Encoding Strategies ◽

Encoding Strategy

In this experiment, strategies of pitch encoding in the processing of melodies were investigated. Twenty-six students who were highly trained in music and twenty-six who were less well trained were instructed to make recognition judgments concerning melodies after a 12-sec retention interval. During each retention interval, subjects were exposed to one of four conditions (pause, listening to an interfering melody, shadowing nonsense syllables, and shadowing note names). Both the standard and the comparison melodies were six-tone series that had either a high- tonality structure ("tonal melody") or a low-tonality structure ("atonal melody"). The results (obtained by Newman-Keuls method) showed that recognition performance for the musically highly trained group was severely disrupted by the note names for the tonal melodies, while it was disrupted by the interfering melody for the atonal melodies. On the other hand, for the musically less well trained group, whose recognition performance was significantly worse than that of the highly trained group even in the Pause condition, there were no significant differences in disruptive effects between the different types of interfering materials. These findings suggest that the highly trained group could use a verbal (note name) encoding strategy for the pitches in the tonal melodies, and also rehearsal strategies (such as humming and whistling) for the atonal melodies, but that subjects in the less well trained group were unable to use any effective strategies to encode the melodies.

Download Full-text