People in Si Samran subdistrict, Porncharoen district, Bueng Kan province have little awareness and perception of risk and severity of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). They still eat raw fish or other menu cooked with raw fish. Therefore, CCA prevention campaign should be done to enhance awareness and perception of this disease in order to reduce raw fish consuming behaviours. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of health education to populations at risk of CCA in Si Samran subdistrict by comparing health perception and preventive health behaviours before and after receiving health education. This study recruited 76 participants by purposive sampling technique to attend the health education for stop eating raw fish workshop. The workshop was applied based on the theory of Health Belief Model (HBM) and the activities comprised lecture of 1) signs and symptoms of CCA, 2) risk factors of CCA, 3) benefits of CCA prevention and group discussion about CCA preventive behaviours and barriers of behaviour modification. Data were collected with the questionnaire before and 3 months after the workshop. The questionnaire was adopted from Sangprach’s questionnaire which had been already tested for reliability (overall Cronbach’s alpha coefficient = 0.89). Descriptive statistics were used to describe personal demographic data, level of health perception regarding CCA and level of CCA preventive behaviours. Inferential statistics (paired samples t-test) were used to compare the level of health perception regarding CCA and level of CCA preventive behaviours before and after attending the workshop. The results showed that a majority of 76 participants were female (68.4%), age group 40-50 years old (51.3%), married (89.5%), finished primary school (76.3%), employed in agriculture (61.8%), and had income more than 10,000 bath/month (40.8%). Participants had a higher level of 3 parts of health perception regarding CCA after the workshop, including perceived susceptibility, perceived severity and perceived barriers but demonstrated a lower level of many CCA preventive behaviours except the behaviour “You do not eat mouldy food” level that was higher after attending the workshop. The recommendation for CCA preventive behaviour improvement is that health education should be focused on the elimination of obstacles or barriers in the community which obstructed the behaviour modification.
Lipid-soluble nutrient status of healthy Omani school children before and after intervention with oily fish meal or re-esterified triacylglycerol fish oil