Background:
Utilization of macroalgae has gained much attention in the field of pharmaceuticals,
nutraceuticals, food and bioenergy. Macroalgae has been widely consumed in Asian countries as food from ancient
days and proved that it has potential bioactive compounds which are responsible for its nutritional properties.
Macroalgae consists of a diverse range of bioactive compounds including proteins, lipids, pigments, polysaccharides,
etc. Polysaccharides from macroalgae have been utilized in food industries as gelling agents and drug
excipients in the pharmaceutical industries owing to their biocompatibility and gel forming properties. Exploration
of macroalgae derived sulfated polysaccharides in biomedical applications is increasing recently.
Method:
In the current review, we have provided information of three different sulfated polysaccharides such as
carrageenan, fucoidan and ulvan and their isolation procedure (enzymatic precipitation, microwave assisted
method, and enzymatic hydrolysis method), structural details, and their biomedical applications exclusively for
bone tissue repair and regeneration.
Results:
From the scientific results on sulfated polysaccharides from macroalgae, we conclude that sulfated polysaccharides
have exceptional properties in terms of hydrogel-forming ability, scaffold formation, and mimicking
the extracellular matrix, increasing alkaline phosphatase activity, enhancement of biomineralization ability and
stem cell differentiation for bone tissue regeneration.
Conclusion:
Overall, sulfated polysaccharides from macroalgae may be promising biomaterials in bone tissue
repair and regeneration.
Novel bioglasses for bone tissue repair and regeneration: Effect of glass design on sintering ability, ion release and biocompatibility
