Deformation-induced martensitic transformation in 316L stainless steels fabricated by laser powder bed fusion

2021 ◽  
pp. 130377
Author(s):  
Xiaoqing Ni ◽  
Decheng Kong ◽  
Wenheng Wu ◽  
Liang Zhang ◽  
Chaofang Dong
Keyword(s):  
Martensitic Transformation ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Laser Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Powder Bed

scholarly journals Strengthening control in laser powder bed fusion of austenitic stainless steels via grain boundary engineering

2021 ◽  
pp. 110246
Author(s):  
Hossein Eskandari Sabzi ◽  
Everth Hernandez-Nava ◽  
Xiao-Hui Li ◽  
Hanwei Fu ◽  
David San-Martín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Grain Boundary Engineering ◽  
Laser Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Powder Bed

scholarly journals The origin and formation of oxygen inclusions in austenitic stainless steels manufactured by laser powder bed fusion

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 101334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pu Deng ◽  
Mallikarjun Karadge ◽  
Raul B. Rebak ◽  
Vipul K. Gupta ◽  
Barton C. Prorok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Laser Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Powder Bed

scholarly journals Laser Powder Bed Fusion of Stainless Steel Grades: A Review

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zitelli ◽  
Folgarait ◽  
Di Schino
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Precipitation Hardening ◽  
Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Laser Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Steel Alloys ◽  
Powder Bed ◽  
Steel Grades ◽  
Mechanical Performances

In this paper, the capability of laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) systems to process stainless steel alloys is reviewed. Several classes of stainless steels are analyzed (i.e., austenitic, martensitic, precipitation hardening and duplex), showing the possibility of satisfactorily processing this class of materials and suggesting an enlargement of the list of alloys that can be manufactured, targeting different applications. In particular, it is reported that stainless steel alloys can be satisfactorily processed, and their mechanical performances allow them to be put into service. Porosities inside manufactured components are extremely low, and are comparable to conventionally processed materials. Mechanical performances are even higher than standard requirements. Micro surface roughness typical of the as-built material can act as a crack initiator, reducing the strength in both quasi-static and dynamic conditions.

scholarly journals Laser Powder Bed Fusion of Precipitation-Hardened Martensitic Stainless Steels: A Review

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Zai ◽  
Chaoqun Zhang ◽  
Yiqiang Wang ◽  
Wei Guo ◽  
Daniel Wellmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Laser Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Powder Bed ◽  
Martensitic Stainless Steels

Martensitic stainless steels are widely used in industries due to their high strength and good corrosion resistance performance. Precipitation-hardened (PH) martensitic stainless steels feature very high strength compared with other stainless steels, around 3-4 times the strength of austenitic stainless steels such as 304 and 316. However, the poor workability due to the high strength and hardness induced by precipitation hardening limits the extensive utilization of PH stainless steels as structural components of complex shapes. Laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) is an attractive additive manufacturing technology, which not only exhibits the advantages of producing complex and precise parts with a short lead time, but also avoids or reduces the subsequent machining process. In this review, the microstructures of martensitic stainless steels in the as-built state, as well as the effects of process parameters, building atmosphere, and heat treatments on the microstructures, are reviewed. Then, the characteristics of defects in the as-built state and the causes are specifically analyzed. Afterward, the effect of process parameters and heat treatment conditions on mechanical properties are summarized and reviewed. Finally, the remaining issues and suggestions on future research on L-PBF of martensitic precipitation-hardened stainless steels are put forward.

scholarly journals AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELS MANUFACTURING BY LASER POWDER BED FUSION TECHNIQUE

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-26
Author(s):  
Andrea Di Schino ◽  
Paolo Fogarait ◽  
Domenico Corapi ◽  
Orlando Di Pietro ◽  
Chiara Zitelli
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Mechanical Behaviour ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Laser Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Fusion Technique ◽  
Powder Bed ◽  
Dynamic Conditions ◽  
Mechanical Performances

In this paper we report about the possibility to process stainless steels by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) systems. Austenitic stainless steels are analysed showing the possibility to successfully process them, targeting different applications. In particular, it is shown that stainless steels can be successfully processed and their mechanical behaviour allow them to be put in service. Porosities inside manufactured components are extremely low and comparable to conventionally processed materials. Mechanical performances are even higher than standard requirements. Micro surface roughness typical of the as-built material can act as crack initiator, reducing the strength in both quasi-static and dynamic conditions.

scholarly journals Microstructure and properties of TiB2-reinforced Ti–35Nb–7Zr–5Ta processed by laser-powder bed fusion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Lisboa Batalha ◽  
Vitor Eduardo Pinotti ◽  
Omar O. S. Alnoaimy ◽  
Weverson Capute Batalha ◽  
Tobias Gustmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Martensitic Transformation ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Solidification Structure ◽  
Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Laser Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Recoverable Strain ◽  
Powder Bed ◽  
Β Phase

AbstractThe Ti–35Nb–7Zr–5Ta (wt%, TNZT) alloy was reinforced with TiB2 and synthesized by L-PBF. The relatively small TiB2 particles change the solidification structure from cellular to columnar-dendritic and lead to submicron TiB precipitation in the β matrix. This results in pronounced grain refinement and reduction of texture. However, the microstructure of the additively manufactured TNZT-TiB2 is still different from the as-cast, unreinforced TNZT, which contains equiaxed and randomly oriented grains. The β phase is less stable in the as-cast samples, leading to stress-induced martensitic transformation and recoverable strain of 1.5%. The TNZT with 1 wt% of TiB2 presents significantly higher compressive strength (σYS = 495 MPa) compared to unreinforced samples (σYS = 430 MPa), without sacrificing ductility or altering Young’s modulus (E ≈ 46 GPa). The addition of a small fraction of TiB2 to the TNZT alloy synthesized by L-PBF is a promising alternative for manufacturing sophisticated components for biomedical applications. Graphical abstract

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