Numerical analysis of WaveOne Gold and 2Shape endodontic files during root canal treatment

This study aims to develop and analyse a finite element model of the endodontic nickel-titanium (NiTi) instrument during the root canal treatment (RCT). The 3D model of the tooth and the endodontic instrument has been created using computer-aided design software. The nonlinear explicit dynamic analysis in the CAE package (ANSYS) has been used to analyse the mechanical behaviour of endodontic instruments such as total deformation, equivalent elastic strain, and equivalent stress during canal preparation. The mechanical behaviour of three commercially available endodontic NiTi alloy instruments such as WaveOne Gold (WOG), 2Shape 1 (TS1) and 2Shape 2 (TS2) endodontic files was evaluated using FEA. Consequently, the effect of deformation, equivalent stress and equivalent elastic strain on endodontic files during cleaning and shaping are investigated and compared. The results show that the total deformation and equivalent elastic strain are maximum in the TS1 endodontic file in comparison to TS2 and WOG files. Graphical abstract [Formula: see text]

Numerical Study on Plastic Strain Distributions and Mechanical Behaviour of a Tube under Bending

Tubular pipe structures have been used in various applications—domestic, aviation, marine, manufacturing and material testing. The applications of tubular pipes have been considered greatly in the installation of tubular pipes, marine risers and pipe bending. For the investigation of plastic strains and the mechanical behaviour of a tube under bending, considerations were made utilising an exponent model with assumptions on the plane strain. The bending moment, wall thickness effect, cross-sectional distribution, stresses during bending and neutral layer boundaries were all presented as necessary theoretical formulations on the physics of tubular pipe bending. This model was based on the analytical and numerical investigation. In principle, the application can be observed as the spooling of pipes, bending of pipes and reeling. Comparisons were made on two models developed on the finite element analysis in Simscale OpenFEA, namely the linear-elastic and the elasto-plastic models. This study presents visualization profiles using plastic strain to assess its effect on the tubular pipes. This can increase due to the limitation of plastic deformation on the composite materials selected.