The estimation of cardiovascular risk factors by body mass index and body fat percentage in Korean male adults

Background: Asians compared to Europeans are known to be at an increasedrisk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Obesity is a global cardio metabolic healthand cancer risk. There is paucity of data regarding obesity in our local population. Aims &Objectives: To evaluate Body Mass Index (BMI). Visceral fat content and body fat percentageusing Bio-impedance body composition monitor. Thus to identify overweight and obeseindividuals with high visceral and body fat content the risk factors for cardio metabolicsyndrome. Study Design: Cross sectional survey. Setting: Outpatient Department of Medicine,Fatima Memorial Hospital Lahore, Pakistan. Period: 15th January to 20th March 2016. Materialand Method: 250 patients above 18 years of age who reported in outdoor department wereenrolled after informed consent in local language according to enrollment criteria. Approved byethical review committee reference number FMS-2-2016-IRB-M-111. Their height and weightwere measured and BMI, visceral fat content and body fat percentage was calculated using bioimpedancebody composition monitor. They were asked questions for pertinent co-morbidities.The statistical analysis was done using SPSS 22.0 version. Results: Out of 250 patients enrolled144 (58 %) were females and 106 (42 %) were males. Mean age was 45 ±13 years. Mean BMIwas 29kg/m2. Above normal BMI was seen in 170 (68%), 98(39%) were obese (BMI>30kg/m2) and 80 (32%) overweight (BMI 25-29.9). Above normal visceral fat content and body fatpercentage was seen in 110(44 %) and 191(76%) respectively. In the later group 100(67%) werefemales. Diabetes and hypertension were present in 63(64%) obese patients among 30(73%)with high visceral fat and in 90(60%) with high body fat percentage. Conclusion: A significantnumber of patients were overweight or obese with above normal visceral fat content and bodyfat percentage with female dominance in later group. They also had higher prevalence ofdiabetes and hypertension. Bio-impedance technique is useful simple inexpensive tool for initialassessment of visceral and body fat content in outdoor facility.

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Optimal Body Fat Percentage Cut-Off Values in Predicting the Obesity-Related Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Cohort Study

Diabetes Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity Targets and Therapy ◽

10.2147/dmso.s248444 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol Volume 13 ◽

pp. 1587-1597 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Pawel Macek ◽

Malgorzata Biskup ◽

Malgorzata Terek-Derszniak ◽

Michal Stachura ◽

Halina Krol ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Body Fat ◽

Body Fat Percentage ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Cross Sectional

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Trends in obesity and adiposity measures by race or ethnicity among adults in the United States 2011-18: population based study

BMJ ◽

10.1136/bmj.n365 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. n365

Author(s):

Buyun Liu ◽

Yang Du ◽

Yuxiao Wu ◽

Linda G Snetselaar ◽

Robert B Wallace ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Ethnic Groups ◽

Body Mass ◽

Body Fat ◽

Lean Mass ◽

The United States ◽

Population Based ◽

Body Fat Percentage ◽

Fat Percentage

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the trends in obesity and adiposity measures, including body mass index, waist circumference, body fat percentage, and lean mass, by race or ethnicity among adults in the United States from 2011 to 2018.DesignPopulation based study.SettingNational Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2011-18.ParticipantsA nationally representative sample of US adults aged 20 years or older.Main outcome measuresWeight, height, and waist circumference among adults aged 20 years or older were measured by trained technicians using standardized protocols. Obesity was defined as body mass index of 30 or higher for non-Asians and 27.5 or higher for Asians. Abdominal obesity was defined as a waist circumference of 102 cm or larger for men and 88 cm or larger for women. Body fat percentage and lean mass were measured among adults aged 20-59 years by using dual energy x ray absorptiometry.ResultsThis study included 21 399 adults from NHANES 2011-18. Body mass index was measured for 21 093 adults, waist circumference for 20 080 adults, and body fat percentage for 10 864 adults. For the overall population, age adjusted prevalence of general obesity increased from 35.4% (95% confidence interval 32.5% to 38.3%) in 2011-12 to 43.4% (39.8% to 47.0%) in 2017-18 (P for trend<0.001), and age adjusted prevalence of abdominal obesity increased from 54.5% (51.2% to 57.8%) in 2011-12 to 59.1% (55.6% to 62.7%) in 2017-18 (P for trend=0.02). Age adjusted mean body mass index increased from 28.7 (28.2 to 29.1) in 2011-12 to 29.8 (29.2 to 30.4) in 2017-18 (P for trend=0.001), and age adjusted mean waist circumference increased from 98.4 cm (97.4 to 99.5 cm) in 2011-12 to 100.5 cm (98.9 to 102.1 cm) in 2017-18 (P for trend=0.01). Significant increases were observed in body mass index and waist circumference among the Hispanic, non-Hispanic white, and non-Hispanic Asian groups (all P for trend<0.05), but not for the non-Hispanic black group. For body fat percentage, a significant increase was observed among non-Hispanic Asians (30.6%, 29.8% to 31.4% in 2011-12; 32.7%, 32.0% to 33.4% in 2017-18; P for trend=0.001), but not among other racial or ethnic groups. The age adjusted mean lean mass decreased in the non-Hispanic black group and increased in the non-Hispanic Asian group, but no statistically significant changes were found in other racial or ethnic groups.ConclusionsAmong US adults, an increasing trend was found in obesity and adiposity measures from 2011 to 2018, although disparities exist among racial or ethnic groups.

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