scholarly journals The surrogate matrix methodology: A reference implementation for low-cost assembly in isogeometric analysis

MethodsX ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 100813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Drzisga ◽  
Brendan Keith ◽  
Barbara Wohlmuth
Keyword(s):  
Isogeometric Analysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Surrogate Matrix ◽  
Reference Implementation

scholarly journals Off-The-Shelf Stylus: Using XR Devices for Handwriting and Sketching on Physically Aligned Virtual Surfaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Kern ◽  
Peter Kullmann ◽  
Elisabeth Ganal ◽  
Kristof Korwisi ◽  
René Stingl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Mixed Reality ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Surface Interaction ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Web Browser ◽  
Task Load ◽  
Surface Alignment ◽  
Reference Implementation ◽  
Digital Ink

This article introduces the Off-The-Shelf Stylus (OTSS), a framework for 2D interaction (in 3D) as well as for handwriting and sketching with digital pen, ink, and paper on physically aligned virtual surfaces in Virtual, Augmented, and Mixed Reality (VR, AR, MR: XR for short). OTSS supports self-made XR styluses based on consumer-grade six-degrees-of-freedom XR controllers and commercially available styluses. The framework provides separate modules for three basic but vital features: 1) The stylus module provides stylus construction and calibration features. 2) The surface module provides surface calibration and visual feedback features for virtual-physical 2D surface alignment using our so-called 3ViSuAl procedure, and surface interaction features. 3) The evaluation suite provides a comprehensive test bed combining technical measurements for precision, accuracy, and latency with extensive usability evaluations including handwriting and sketching tasks based on established visuomotor, graphomotor, and handwriting research. The framework’s development is accompanied by an extensive open source reference implementation targeting the Unity game engine using an Oculus Rift S headset and Oculus Touch controllers. The development compares three low-cost and low-tech options to equip controllers with a tip and includes a web browser-based surface providing support for interacting, handwriting, and sketching. The evaluation of the reference implementation based on the OTSS framework identified an average stylus precision of 0.98 mm (SD = 0.54 mm) and an average surface accuracy of 0.60 mm (SD = 0.32 mm) in a seated VR environment. The time for displaying the stylus movement as digital ink on the web browser surface in VR was 79.40 ms on average (SD = 23.26 ms), including the physical controller’s motion-to-photon latency visualized by its virtual representation (M = 42.57 ms, SD = 15.70 ms). The usability evaluation (N = 10) revealed a low task load, high usability, and high user experience. Participants successfully reproduced given shapes and created legible handwriting, indicating that the OTSS and it’s reference implementation is ready for everyday use. We provide source code access to our implementation, including stylus and surface calibration and surface interaction features, making it easy to reuse, extend, adapt and/or replicate previous results (https://go.uniwue.de/hci-otss).

scholarly journals The Obverse/Reverse Pavilion: An Example of a Form-Finding Design of Temporary, Low-Cost, and Eco-Friendly Structure

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 226
Author(s):  
Jerzy F. Łątka ◽  
Michał Święciak
Keyword(s):  
Isogeometric Analysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Structural Systems ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Design Tools ◽  
Structural System ◽  
Form Finding ◽  
Parametrical Design ◽  
Formal Solutions ◽  
Unusual Appearance

Temporary pavilions play an important role as experimental fields for architects, designers, and engineers, in addition to providing exhibition spaces. Novel structural and formal solutions applied in pavilions also can give them an unusual appearance that attracts the eyesight of spectators. In this article, the authors explore the possibility of combining structural novelty, visual attractiveness, and low cost in the design and construction of a temporary pavilion. For that purpose, an innovative structural system and design approach was applied, i.e., a membrane structure was designed in Rhino and Grasshopper environments with the use of the Kiwi!3D IsoGeometric analysis tool. The designed pavilion, named Obverse/Reverse, was built in Opole, Poland, for the occasion of World Architecture Day in July 2019. The design and the construction were performed by the authors in cooperation with students belonging to the Humanization of Urban Environment organization from the Faculty of Architecture Wroclaw University of Science and Technology. The resultant pavilion proved the potential of obtaining a low-budget but visually attractive architectural solution with the adaption of parametrical design tools and some scientific background with innovative structural systems.

scholarly journals The Obverse/Reverse Pavilion: An Example of Form-Finding With Isogeometric Analysis in the Design of Temporary, Low-Cost and Eco-Friendly Structure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy F. Łątka ◽  
Michał Święciak
Keyword(s):  
Isogeometric Analysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Structural Systems ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Structural System ◽  
Form Finding ◽  
Parametrical Design ◽  
Formal Solutions ◽  
Unusual Appearance ◽  
Design And Construction

Temporary pavilions play an important role as experimental fields for architects, designers and engineers, apart from providing exhibition spaces. Novel structural and formal solutions applied in pavilions also can give them unusual appearance that attracts eyesight of spectators. In this article authors explore the possibility of combination of structural novelty, visual attractiveness and low-cost by a design and construction of a temporary pavilion. For that purpose, an innovative structural system and design approach was applied, i.e. membrane structure designed in Rhino and Grasshopper environments with the use of Kiwi!3D IsoGeometric analysis tool. The designed pavilion, named Obverse/Reverse, was built in Opole, Poland, for the occasion of World Architecture Day in July 2019. Design and construction was performed by the authors in cooperation with students’ organisation Humanisation of Urban Environment from the Faculty of Architecture Wroclaw University of Science and Technology. The Rresultant pavilion proved the possibility of obtaining a low-budgets but visually attractive architectural solution with the adaption of parametrical design tools and some scientific background with innovative structural systems.

scholarly journals MODEL PELAKSANAAN DISEMINASI INFORMASI PENGINDERAAN JAUH BERBASIS TEKNOLOGI TERBUKA

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
. Sarno
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Observation System ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Earth Observation System ◽  
User Space ◽  
Reference Implementation ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
General Architecture

National Earth Observation System at the Remote Sensing Application Center organize the functions of remote sensing information dissemination to the user. Space Law Number 21 of 2013 Article 22, Paragraph 1, mandates that the use of data and dissemination of remote sensing information shall be based on the guidelines set by the Institution. This research aims to analyze reference implementation of remote sensing information dissemination. The method used in this study is prototyping with an open technology. Stages of research include the identification of technology components and evaluation of the general architecture to simplify the development, design models and implementation of the system by reforming, repeatedly testing and integration of open source software. The results showed that the model or reference implementation has been successfully implemented and tested through prototypes. Application of the prototype into a fully operational system can be developed at low cost and user friendly interface. Abstrak Sistem Pemantauan Bumi Nasional di Pusat Pemanfaatan Penginderaan Jauh menyelenggarakan fungsi diseminasi informasi penginderaan jauh untuk pengguna. Undang-undang Keantariksaan Nomor 21 Tahun 2013 Pasal 22 Ayat 1, mengamanatkan bahwa pemanfaatan data dan diseminasi informasi penginderaan jauh wajib dilakukan berdasarkan pedoman yang ditetapkan oleh Lembaga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis model pelaksanaan diseminasi informasi penginderaan jauh. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah purwarupa dengan teknologi terbuka. Tahapan penelitian meliputi identifikasi komponen teknologi dan evaluasi arsitektur umum untuk mempermudah dalam pengembangan, perancangan model dan implementasi sistem dengan melakukan pembaruan, pengujian secara berulang dan pengintegrasian perangkat lunak sumber terbuka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model telah berhasil diimplementasikan dan dilakukan pengujian melalui purwarupa. Penerapan purwarupa menjadi sistem yang beroperasi secara penuh dapat dikembangkan dengan biaya murah dan antarmuka yang ramah.

Decomposition of the metastable beta titanium alloy Ti-15-3

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 264-265
Author(s):  
Y. L. Chen ◽  
S. Fujlshiro
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Alpha Phase ◽  
Thick Sheet ◽  
Omega Phase ◽  
Beta Titanium Alloy ◽  
Beta Titanium ◽  
Beta Matrix ◽  
Metastable Beta ◽  
Very High

Metastable beta titanium alloys have been known to have numerous advantages such as cold formability, high strength, good fracture resistance, deep hardenability, and cost effectiveness. Very high strength is obtainable by precipitation of the hexagonal alpha phase in a bcc beta matrix in these alloys. Precipitation hardening in the metastable beta alloys may also result from the formation of transition phases such as omega phase. Ti-15-3 (Ti-15V- 3Cr-3Al-3Sn) has been developed recently by TIMET and USAF for low cost sheet metal applications. The purpose of the present study was to examine the aging characteristics in this alloy.The composition of the as-received material is: 14.7 V, 3.14 Cr, 3.05 Al, 2.26 Sn, and 0.145 Fe. The beta transus temperature as determined by optical metallographic method was about 770°C. Specimen coupons were prepared from a mill-annealed 1.2 mm thick sheet, and solution treated at 827°C for 2 hr in argon, then water quenched. Aging was also done in argon at temperatures ranging from 316 to 616°C for various times.

Chromic Acid Etching of Polyethylene

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 72-73
Author(s):  
J. D. Muzzy ◽  
R. D. Hester ◽  
J. L. Hubbard
Keyword(s):  
Chromic Acid ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Acid Etching ◽  
Crystalline Morphology ◽  
Bulk Specimen ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Perfect Form ◽  
Molecular Length ◽  
Lamellar Texture ◽  
Cost Studies

Polyethylene is one of the most important plastics produced today because of its good physical properties, ease of fabrication and low cost. Studies to improve the properties of polyethylene are leading to an understanding of its crystalline morphology. Polyethylene crystallized by evaporation from dilute solutions consists of thin crystals called lamellae. The polyethylene molecules are parallel to the thickness of the lamellae and are folded since the thickness of the lamellae is much less than the molecular length. This lamellar texture persists in less perfect form in polyethylene crystallized from the melt.Morphological studies of melt crystallized polyethylene have been limited due to the difficulty of isolating the microstructure from the bulk specimen without destroying or deforming it.

Glass Knife Geometry as Seen by the SEM

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 454-455
Author(s):  
J. Temple Black
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Amorphous Material ◽  
Stress Concentrations ◽  
Basic Tool ◽  
Tool Materials ◽  
Optical Inspection ◽  
Surface Flaws ◽  
Slip Planes ◽  
Glass Knife ◽  
Diamond Knife

In ultramicrotomy, the two basic tool materials are glass and diamond. Glass because of its low cost and ease of manufacture of the knife itself is still widely used despite the superiority of diamond knives in many applications. Both kinds of knives produce plastic deformation in the microtomed section due to the nature of the cutting process and microscopic chips in the edge of the knife. Because glass has no well defined slip planes in its structure (it's an amorphous material), it is very strong and essentially never fails in compression. However, surface flaws produce stress concentrations which reduce the strength of glass to 10,000 to 20,000 psi from its theoretical or flaw free values of 1 to 2 million psi. While the microchips in the edge of the glass or diamond knife are generally too small to be observed in the SEM, the second common type of defect can be identified. This is the striations (also termed the check marks or feathers) which are always present over the entire edge of a glass knife regardless of whether or not they are visable under optical inspection. These steps in the cutting edge can be observed in the SEM by proper preparation of carefully broken knives and orientation of the knife, with respect to the scanning beam.

Spectraplot: A PC-based spectrum translation and display program

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 918-919
Author(s):  
H. O. Colijn
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
File Transfer ◽  
Transfer Data ◽  
Error Checking ◽  
Data Files ◽  
The University

Many labs today wish to transfer data between their EDS systems and their existing PCs and minicomputers. Our lab has implemented SpectraPlot, a low- cost PC-based system to allow offline examination and plotting of spectra. We adopted this system in order to make more efficient use of our microscopes and EDS consoles, to provide hardcopy output for an older EDS system, and to allow students to access their data after leaving the university.As shown in Fig. 1, we have three EDS systems (one of which is located in another building) which can store data on 8 inch RT-11 floppy disks. We transfer data from these systems to a DEC MINC computer using “SneakerNet”, which consists of putting on a pair of sneakers and running down the hall. We then use the Hermit file transfer program to download the data files with error checking from the MINC to the PC.

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