scholarly journals Mitochondrial recovery from shotgun metagenome sequencing enabling phylogenetic analysis of the common thresher shark (Alopias vulpinus)

Meta Gene ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Doane ◽  
Dovi Kacev ◽  
Sean Harrington ◽  
Kyle Levi ◽  
Dnyanada Pande ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Thresher Shark ◽  
The Common ◽  
Metagenome Sequencing ◽  
Alopias Vulpinus

scholarly journals Seasonal distribution and habitat use of the common thresher shark (Alopias vulpinus) in the western North Atlantic Ocean inferred from fishery-dependent data

2020 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-4`1
Author(s):  
Jeff Kneebone ◽  
Heather Bowlby ◽  
Joseph J. Mello ◽  
Camilla T. McCandless ◽  
Lisa J. Natanson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Habitat Use ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
North Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Seasonal Distribution ◽  
Dependent Data ◽  
Thresher Shark ◽  
The Common ◽  
Alopias Vulpinus

Mechanisms of maternal transfer of organochlorine contaminants and mercury in the common thresher shark (Alopias vulpinus)

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 1667-1672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kady Lyons ◽  
Christopher G. Lowe
Keyword(s):  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Maternal Transfer ◽  
Organochlorine Contaminants ◽  
Thresher Shark ◽  
The Common ◽  
Near Term ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Putative Mechanism ◽  
Alopias Vulpinus

A putative mechanism for maternal transfer of organic contaminants and total mercury was empirically demonstrated in a near-term pregnant female common thresher shark (Alopias vulpinus). Contaminants were measured in the liver and muscle tissue of the mother and her four embryos, as well as the embryos’ stomach contents. Concentrations of organic contaminants and mercury were found to be lower in the embryos’ livers than in the mother’s and were clearly measurable in the embryo stomach contents, which consisted of consumed ovulated eggs. Presence of high concentrations of organic contaminants and mercury in embryos, prior to any exogenous exposure, provides clear evidence of maternal offloading in this species. In addition, the detection of these chemicals in the yolky stomach contents provides a mechanism by which oophagous elasmobranch females offload contaminants onto their young.

scholarly journals The skin microbiome of the common thresher shark (Alopias vulpinus) has low taxonomic and gene function β-diversity

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Doane ◽  
John Matthew Haggerty ◽  
Dovi Kacev ◽  
Bhavya Papudeshi ◽  
Elizabeth A. Dinsdale
Keyword(s):  
Gene Function ◽  
Skin Microbiome ◽  
Β Diversity ◽  
Thresher Shark ◽  
The Common ◽  
Alopias Vulpinus

Diel movement patterns and habitat preferences of the common thresher shark (Alopias vulpinus) in the Southern California Bight

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 596 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Cartamil ◽  
N. C. Wegner ◽  
S. Aalbers ◽  
C. A. Sepulveda ◽  
A. Baquero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern California ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Southern California Bight ◽  
Depth Sensing ◽  
Vertical Movements ◽  
Thresher Shark ◽  
The Common ◽  
Diel Movement ◽  
Alopias Vulpinus

The common thresher shark, Alopias vulpinus, is the basis of the largest commercial shark fishery in California waters. We used acoustic telemetry to determine the diel movement patterns and habitat preferences of this species in the Southern California Bight (SCB), where commercial fishing for the common thresher shark is concentrated. Eight common threshers (fork length: 122–203 cm) were tagged with temperature and depth-sensing acoustic transmitters and tracked for periods ranging from 22 to 49 h. Tracked sharks preferentially utilized deep offshore waters, and avoided shallower waters over the continental shelf. Mean rate of movement (ROM ± s.d.) was 2.15 ± 0.46 km h−1. ROM and angular concentration (r, a measure of relative linearity) both showed a strong daytime pattern, with highest values at dawn that decreased throughout the day, whereas nocturnal ROM and r were less variable. Daytime vertical movements consisted of either vertical excursions below the thermocline or relatively level swimming within the upper portion of the thermocline. Nocturnally, all sharks remained within the mixed layer. These findings suggest that the common thresher shark is primarily a daytime predator, and have relevance for estimating how the alteration of the set depth of fishing-gear could affect catch rates of this species in the SCB.

scholarly journals Subtype Characterization and Zoonotic Potential of Cryptosporidium felis in Cats in Guangdong and Shanghai, China

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Jiayu Li ◽  
Fuxian Yang ◽  
Ruobing Liang ◽  
Sheng Guo ◽  
Yaqiong Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Zoonotic Potential ◽  
Common Occurrence ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gp60 Gene ◽  
The Common ◽  
Subtyping Tool

Cryptosporidiumfelis is an important cause of feline and human cryptosporidiosis. However, the transmission of this pathogen between humans and cats remains controversial, partially due to a lack of genetic characterization of isolates from cats. The present study was conducted to examine the genetic diversity of C. felis in cats in China and to assess their potential zoonotic transmission. A newly developed subtyping tool based on a sequence analysis of the 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) gene was employed to identify the subtypes of 30 cat-derived C. felis isolates from Guangdong and Shanghai. Altogether, 20 C. felis isolates were successfully subtyped. The results of the sequence alignment showed a high genetic diversity, with 13 novel subtypes and 2 known subtypes of the XIXa subtype family being identified. The known subtypes were previously detected in humans, while some of the subtypes formed well-supported subclusters with human-derived subtypes from other countries in a phylogenetic analysis of the gp60 sequences. The results of this study confirmed the high genetic diversity of the XIXa subtype family of C. felis. The common occurrence of this subtype family in both humans and cats suggests that there could be cross-species transmission of C. felis.

scholarly journals Flexibility of Heterocercal Tails: What Can the Functional Morphology of Shark Tails Tell Us about Ichthyosaur Swimming?

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S B Crofts ◽  
R Shehata ◽  
B E Flammang
Keyword(s):  
Functional Morphology ◽  
Flexural Stiffness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Text Book ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
Thresher Shark ◽  
Cross Sectional Profile ◽  
The Common ◽  
Sectional Profile ◽  
Tail Function

Synopsis The similarities between ichthyosaurs and sharks are a text-book example of convergence, and similarities in tail morphology have led many to theorize that they had similar swimming styles. The variation of ichthyosaur tail shapes is encompassed within the diversity of shark families. In particular early ichthyosaurs have asymmetrical tails like the heterocercal tails of carcharhinid sharks, while later occurring ichthyosaurs have lunate tails similar to those of lamnid sharks. Because it is not possible to measure ichthyosaur tail function, the goal of this study is to measure and compare the flexibility and stiffness of lunate and heterocercal shark tails, and to measure skeletal and connective tissue features that may affect tail flexibility. We measured flexibility in 10 species and focused on five species in particular, for dissection: one pelagic and one bottom-associated individual from each order, plus the common thresher shark (Alopias vulpinus), a tail-slapping specialist. As expected, lunate tails were overall less flexible than heterocercal tails and had greater flexural stiffness. Our results suggest that the cross-sectional profile of the skeletally supported dorsal lobe dictates flexural stiffness, but that changing tissue composition dictates flexural stiffness in the ventral lobe. We also found structural differences that may enable the tail slapping behavior of the common thresher shark. Finally, we discuss how our morphological measurements compare to ichthyosaur measurements from the literature; noting that similarities in functional morphology suggest sharks may be a good analog for understanding ichthyosaur swimming biomechanics.

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