Evaluation of various phenotypic methods for differentiation of Candida dubliniensis from Candida albicans

Candida albicans is the causative agent of fatal systemic candidiasis. Due to limitations of antifungals, new drugs are needed. The anti-virulence effect of plant essential oils (EOs) was evaluated against clinical C. albicans isolates including cinnamon, clove, jasmine and rosemary oils. Biofilm, phospholipase and hemolysin were assessed phenotypically. EOs were evaluated for their anti-virulence activity using phenotypic methods as well as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Among the C. albicans isolates, biofilm, phospholipase and hemolysins were detected in 40.4, 86.5 and 78.8% of isolates, respectively. Jasmine oil showed the highest anti-biofilm activity followed by cinnamon, clove and rosemary oils. SEM and AFM analysis showed reduced adherence and roughness in the presence of EOs. For phospholipase, rosemary oil was the most inhibitory, followed by jasmine, cinnamon and clove oils, and for hemolysins, cinnamon had the highest inhibition followed by jasmine, rosemary and clove oils. A molecular docking study revealed major EO constituents as promising inhibitors of the Als3 adhesive protein, with the highest binding for eugenol, followed by 1,8-cineole, 2-phenylthiolane and cinnamaldehyde. In conclusion, EOs have a promising inhibitory impact on Candida biofilm, phospholipase and hemolysin production, hence EOs could be used as potential antifungals that impact virulence factors.

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The importance of strain variation in virulence of Candida dubliniensis and Candida albicans: results of a blinded histopathological study of invasive candidiasis

Clinical Microbiology and Infection ◽

10.1111/j.1469-0691.2009.02840.x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 15 (6) ◽

pp. 576-585 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

L.R. Ásmundsdóttir ◽

H. Erlendsdóttir ◽

B.A. Agnarsson ◽

M. Gottfredsson

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Invasive Candidiasis ◽

Candida Dubliniensis ◽

Histopathological Study ◽

Strain Variation

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Genotyping of Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis by 25S rDNA analysis shows association with virulence attributes in oral candidiasis

Archives of Oral Biology ◽

10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.10.006 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 97 ◽

pp. 18-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Pornpen Tantivitayakul ◽

Naruemon Panpradit ◽

Thaniya Maudcheingka ◽

Arthit Klaophimai ◽

Jinthana Lapirattanakul

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Oral Candidiasis ◽

Candida Dubliniensis ◽

25S Rdna ◽

Rdna Analysis

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Molecular characterization of Candida dubliniensis and Candida albicans in the oral cavity of drug abusers using duplex polymerase chain reaction

Current Medical Mycology ◽

10.18502/cmm.4.1.29 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Parastoo Hassani Abharian ◽

Parvin Dehghan ◽

Peyman Hassani Abharian ◽

Sepideh Tolouei

Keyword(s):

Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Candida Species ◽

Species Complex ◽

Candida Dubliniensis ◽

Drug Abusers ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Duplex Polymerase Chain Reaction

Background and Purpose: Candida dubliniensis is closely related to the most pathogenic and prevalent yeast, namely C. albicans. Candida species can opportunistically overgrow in vulnerable individuals and cause a variety of diseases. The current study aimed to identify and isolate C. dubliniensis species present in the Candida albicans species complex identified in the oral cavity of drug abusers. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 53 strains of C. albicans species complex, isolated from the oral mucosa of drug abusers in Isfahan, Iran. DNA extraction was accomplished through boiling procedure. Duplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to amplify ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region using four specific primers. Fungal species were identified based on the difference in the size of the bands created in the Agarose gel. Results: Out of the 53 isolates under study, 30 (56.6%) and 14 (26.4%) samples were identified as C. albicans and C. dubliniensis, respectively. In the remaining 9 samples (17%), both types of Candida species were confirmed. Conclusion: The findings of the present study revealed the presence of a noticeable amount of C. dubliniensis in the oral cavity of drug abusers. Therefore, the probable presence of this fungus should be considered during the examination of oral infection among this group. To date, no research has directly investigated this issue in Iran.

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