Optimization control of hydrometallurgical leaching process based on IDE-MPC

This study was aimed to increase granite's silica content using the leaching process with HCl concentration variation. The granite used in this study came from Lematang, South Lampung. This study aims to determine the effect of variations in HCl concentration, particle size, and rotational speed on the crystalline phase and chemical elements formed in the silica product produced from granite. The HCl concentration variations were 6.0 M, 7.2 M, 8.4 M, and 9.6 M, the variation in particle size used was 270 and 400 mesh. Variations in rotational speed during leaching were 500 and 750 rpm. Granite powder was calcined at 1000 ºC for 2 hours. Characterization was performed using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP- OES). The results showed that the silica content increased with increasing HCl concentration, the finer the particle size, and the higher the rotational speed. XRF analysis showed that the silica with the highest purity was leached with 9.6 HCl with a particle size of 400 mesh and a rotational speed of of 750 rpm, which was 73.49%. Based on the results above, by leaching using HCl, the Si content can increase from before. The XRD diffractogram showed that the granite powder formed the Quartz phase.

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Efficiency Optimization Control of an IPMSM Drive System for Electric Vehicles (EVs)

International Journal of Control Automation and Systems ◽

10.1007/s12555-019-0723-z ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Qin-Mu Wu ◽

Yu Zhan ◽

Mei Zhang ◽

Xiang-Ping Chen ◽

Wen-Ping Cao

Keyword(s):

Electric Vehicles ◽

Drive System ◽

Efficiency Optimization ◽

Optimization Control

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Coordinated optimization control of shield machine based on dynamic fuzzy neural network direct inverse control

Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control ◽

10.1177/0142331220980274 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 014233122098027

Author(s):

Xuanyu Liu ◽

Wentao Wang ◽

Yudong Wang ◽

Cheng Shao ◽

Qiumei Cong

Keyword(s):

Fuzzy Neural Network ◽

Control Method ◽

Earth Pressure ◽

Screw Conveyor ◽

Inverse Control ◽

The Earth ◽

Coordinated Optimization ◽

Optimization Control ◽

Fuzzy Neural ◽

Shield Machine

During shield machine tunneling, the earth pressure in the sealed cabin must be kept balanced to ensure construction safety. As there is a strong nonlinear coupling relationship among the tunneling parameters, it is difficult to control the balance between the amount of soil entered and the amount discharged in the sealed cabin. So, the control effect of excavation face stability is poor. For this purpose, a coordinated optimization control method of shield machine based on dynamic fuzzy neural network (D-FNN) direct inverse control is proposed. The cutter head torque, advance speed, thrust, screw conveyor speed and earth pressure difference in the sealed cabin are selected as inputs, and the D-FNN control model of the control parameters is established, whose output are screw conveyor speed and advance speed at the next moment. The error reduction rate method is introduced to trim and identify the network structure to optimize the control model. On this basis, an optimal control system for earth pressure balance (EPB) of shield machine is established based on the direct inverse control method. The simulation results show that the method can optimize the control parameters coordinately according to the changes of the construction environment, effectively reduce the earth pressure fluctuations during shield tunneling, and can better control the stability of the excavation surface.

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Study on Ultrasonically-Enhanced Sulfuric Acid Leaching of Nickel from Nickel-Containing Residue

Crystals ◽

10.3390/cryst11070810 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 810

Author(s):

Zhanyong Guo ◽

Ping Guo ◽

Guang Su ◽

Fachuang Li

Keyword(s):

Sulfuric Acid ◽

Acid Leaching ◽

Ultrasonic Waves ◽

Sulfuric Acid Leaching ◽

Solid Product ◽

Leaching Process ◽

Diffusion Controlled ◽

Extraction Degree ◽

Ultrasonic Conditions ◽

Complex Nickel

In this paper, nickel-containing residue, a typical solid waste produced in the battery production process, was used to study the cavitation characteristics of ultrasonic waves in a liquid–solid reaction. The ultrasonically-enhanced leaching technology for multicomponent and complex nickel-containing residue was studied through systematic ultrasonic-conventional comparative experiments. An ultrasonic leaching kinetics model was established which provided reliable technological guidance and basic theory for the comprehensive utilization of nickel-containing residue. In the study, it was found that ultrasonically-enhanced leaching for 40 min obtained the same result as conventional leaching for 80 min, and the Ni extraction degree reached more than 95%. According to the kinetic fitting of the leaching process, it was found that the sulfuric acid leaching process belonged to the diffusion-controlled model of solid product layers under conventional and ultrasonic conditions, and the activation energy of the reaction was Ea1 = 17.74 kJ/mol and Ea2 = 5.04 kJ/mol, respectively.

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