One Pot Ultrasonic Assisted {[Ni(tptz)Cl(H2O)2][Ni(tptz)(H2O)3]}-3Cl.5H2O Complex Formation Using Triazine Ligand, XRD/HSA-Interactions, and Spectral and Thermal Investigation

Under room temperature ultrasonic conditions, mixing the neutral 2,4,6-tri(pyridin-2-yl)-1,3,5-triazine (tptz) ligand with Ni(II) salt resulted in the preparation of a unique {[Ni(tptz)Cl(H2O)2]-[Ni(tptz)(H2O)3]}3Cl.5H2O complex with two different nickel(II) centers in a high yield. The crystal structure of {[Ni(tptz)Cl(H2O)2][Ni(tptz)(H2O)3]}3Cl.5H2O revealed the existence of distorted octahedral around both Ni(II) centers. The complex structure was further supported by FT-IR, UV-Vis., CHN-EA, TGA and EDX. The computed HSA was also performed to support the XRD interaction types. The existence of the H2O molecules in the crystal lattice was examined by FT-IR and TG/DTG measurements that proved the presence of coordinated and uncoordinated water molecules. Moreover, the thermal stability of the desired complex was evaluated at open atmosphere via TG/DTG and showed stability up to ~400 °C and multistep thermal decomposition.

Green natural dye from Buddleja officinalis and its ultrasonic dyeing on cotton fabric

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore a new eco-friendly green textile dyeing. Natural plant Buddleja officinalis is traditionally used as yellow pigment addition in rice. It is worth developing its application and dyeing performance in cotton fabric. Design/methodology/approach Buddleja officinalis dried flower was extracted with ethanol aqueous. The extraction conditions including ethanol concentration, material to liquor ratio, extract time and temperature were optimized. Then cotton fabrics were dyed with Buddleja officinalis extraction under conventional and ultrasonic conditions. The effects of dyeing time, bath ratio, pH value of dyeing bath, dyeing temperature and mordants on K/S values were studied and the resulting color strength obtained by conventional and ultrasonic dyeing were compared. The ultraviolet (UV) transmittance of Buddleja officinalis dyed cotton fabric was also evaluated. Findings The color strength of the fabric dyed with Buddleja officinalis under ultrasonic conditions was higher than that under conventional conditions. Alum, Fe and Cu as simultaneous mordants improved the K/S value of the dyed cotton fabrics. Both washing fastness and rubbing fastness were fairly good in all Buddleja officinalis dyed cotton fabrics, washing fastness = 3–4 and rubbing fastness = 4. What’s more, the dyed cotton fabrics showed lower transmittance values as compared to undyed cotton fabrics and indicated potential UV protection capability. Practical implications Buddleja officinalis can be a new natural dye source for the ultrasonic dyeing of cotton fabric. Originality/value It is for the first time that Buddleja officinalis is used as a natural dye in cotton fabric dyeing with less water and the dyeing using ultrasound has been found to have an obvious improvement in the color strength and color-fastness.

Study on Ultrasonically-Enhanced Sulfuric Acid Leaching of Nickel from Nickel-Containing Residue

In this paper, nickel-containing residue, a typical solid waste produced in the battery production process, was used to study the cavitation characteristics of ultrasonic waves in a liquid–solid reaction. The ultrasonically-enhanced leaching technology for multicomponent and complex nickel-containing residue was studied through systematic ultrasonic-conventional comparative experiments. An ultrasonic leaching kinetics model was established which provided reliable technological guidance and basic theory for the comprehensive utilization of nickel-containing residue. In the study, it was found that ultrasonically-enhanced leaching for 40 min obtained the same result as conventional leaching for 80 min, and the Ni extraction degree reached more than 95%. According to the kinetic fitting of the leaching process, it was found that the sulfuric acid leaching process belonged to the diffusion-controlled model of solid product layers under conventional and ultrasonic conditions, and the activation energy of the reaction was Ea1 = 17.74 kJ/mol and Ea2 = 5.04 kJ/mol, respectively.

Two routes for sonochemical synthesis of platinum nanoparticles with narrow size distribution

The ultrasonic conditions of different sonochemical reactors can be tuned to obtain Pt-nanoparticles of similar sizes. At low ultrasonic frequencies (20 kHz) Ti/V/Al-contaminants were produced due to the probe erosion leading to improved kinetics.

Ultrasonic-enhanced replacement of lead in lead hydrometallurgy process from lead leaching solution

In this paper, ultrasonic-enhanced replacement of lead by zinc in lead leaching solution was studied. The effects of reaction time, rotational speed, temperature, concentration of leaching solution and the ratio of the surface area of the zinc plate immersed in the leaching solution to the volume of leaching solution (S : V) were studied under both conventional and ultrasonic conditions. The optimum ultrasonic-assisted replacement conditions were as follows: the S : V of 0.04 (4 cm 2 100 ml −1 ), reaction temperature of 30°C, replacement time of 30 min and the concentration of leaching solution is 5 g l −1 , leading to a lead replacement rate of 94.84%. Compared with the conventional replacement process, the reaction time of ultrasonic-enhanced substitution could be reduced to one half, and the demand of reaction temperature, leaching solution concentration and other conditions were decreased accordingly. Introducing ultrasonic into the replacement reaction is promising to reduce the energy consumption in the hydrometallurgical industry also caters to the demands of environment protection.