A novel approach for reduction roasting of iron ore slime using cow dung

Recently, biomass application as a renewable energy source is increasing worldwide. However, its availability differs in dependence on the location and climate, therefore, agricultural residues as cow dung (CD) are being considered to supply heat and/or power installation. This paper aims at a wide evaluation of CD fuel properties and its prospect to apply in the form of pellets to direct combustion installations. Therefore, the proximate, ultimate composition and calorific value were analyzed, then pelletization and combustion tests were performed, and the ash characteristics were tested. It was found that CD is a promising source of bioenergy in terms of LHV (16.34 MJ·kg−1), carbon (44.24%), and fixed carbon (18.33%) content. During pelletization, CD showed high compaction properties and at a moisture content of 18%,and the received pellets’ bulk density reached ca. 470 kg·m−3 with kinetic durability of 98.7%. While combustion, in a fixed grate 25 kW boiler, high emissions of CO, SO2, NO, and HCl were observed. The future energy sector might be based on biomass and this work shows a novel approach of CD pellets as a potential source of renewable energy available wherever cattle production is located.

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Effect of Coated Cow Dung on Fluidization Reduction of Fine Iron Ore particles

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr9071175 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 1175

Author(s):

Qiyan Xu ◽

Zhanghan Gu ◽

Ziwei Wan ◽

Mingzhu Huangfu ◽

Qingmin Meng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Iron Ore ◽

Linear Velocity ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Inhibition Mechanism ◽

Cow Dung ◽

Reduction Temperature ◽

Reduction Time ◽

Reducing Gas ◽

Fine Iron ◽

Ironmaking Process

The effects of reduction temperature, gas linear velocity, reduction pressure, reduction time, and reducing gas on the fluidized ironmaking process were studied for the fine iron Newman ore particles (0.154–0.178 mm) and the optimal experimental operating conditions were obtained. Under the optimal conditions, the effects of the coated cow dung on the reduction of fine iron ore particles were studied, and the inhibition mechanism of cow dung on particle adhesion in the fluidized ironmaking process was elucidated. The experimental results show that the optimal operating parameters are linear velocity of 0.6 m/s, reduction pressure of 0.2 MPa, reduction temperature of 1023 K, H2 as the reducing gas, and reduction time of 60 min. Cow dung can react with oxide in the ore powder to form a high melting point substance that can form a certain isolation layer, inhibit the growth of iron whiskers, and improve the fluidization.

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Effect of reduction roasting by using bio-char derived from empty fruit bunch on the magnetic properties of Malaysian iron ore

International Journal of Minerals Metallurgy and Materials ◽

10.1007/s12613-014-0912-y ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

pp. 326-330 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Nurul A. Yunus ◽

Mohd H. Ani ◽

Hamzah M. Salleh ◽

Rusila Z. A. Rashid ◽

Tomohiro Akiyama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Properties ◽

Iron Ore ◽

Empty Fruit Bunch ◽

Reduction Roasting

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Fuzzy Win-Win: A Novel Approach to Quantify Win-Win Using Fuzzy Logic

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1172790/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ahmad B. Hassanat ◽

Ghada A. Altarawneh ◽

Ahmad S. Tarawneh

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Fuzzy Logic ◽

Iron Ore ◽

Real Life ◽

The Other ◽

Uranium Enrichment ◽

Single Product ◽

Novel Approach

Abstract The classic win-win has a key flaw in that it cannot offer the parties with right amounts of winning because each party believes they are winners. In reality, one party may win more than the other. This strategy is not limited to a single product or negotiation; it may be applied to a variety of situations in life. We present a novel way to measure the win-win situation in this paper. The proposed method employs the Fuzzy logic to create a mathematical model that aids negotiators in quantifying their winning percentages. The model is put to the test on real-life negotiation scenarios such as the Iranian uranium enrichment negotiations, the Iraqi-Jordanian oil deal, and the iron ore negotiation (2005-2009). The presented model has shown to be a useful tool in practice and can be easily generalized to be utilized in other domains as well.

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Effect of Temperature on Reduction Roasting of Lowgrade Iron Ore After Granulating with Coal

Drying, Roasting, and Calcining of Minerals ◽

10.1002/9781119093329.ch23 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 185-192

Author(s):

Zhucheng Huang ◽

Ronghai Zhong ◽

Jun Zou ◽

Tao Jiang

Keyword(s):

Iron Ore ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Reduction Roasting

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Availability and utilisation pattern of agricultural waste at household level in selected areas of Bangladesh

Waste Management & Research ◽

10.1177/0734242x211064416 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 0734242X2110644

Author(s):

MA Monayem Miah ◽

Md Enamul Haque ◽

Richard W Bell ◽

Md Wakilur Rahman ◽

Sohela Akhter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Animal Feed ◽

Agricultural Waste ◽

Soil Health ◽

Farming Systems ◽

Household Waste ◽

Cow Dung ◽

Organic Fertiliser ◽

Household Level ◽

Intensive Farming ◽

Novel Approach

The use of organic fertilisers and soil amendments are almost universally recommended for improving the organic matter levels and maintaining soil health, but few studies documenting the actual availability and quality of such materials on smallholder farms are available. We selected a case study of 300 households from northern and southern Bangladesh to assess the types of waste materials available for recycling and their usage patterns at household level and we applied a novel approach to empirically identify household waste as input inefficiency in a production context. Northern districts have highly intensive farming systems whereas southern districts have low intensity farming. The total amount of agricultural waste produced at household level was estimated at 822 kg per month. Cow dung contributed about 65% of the total waste followed by animal feed refusal waste (11%), garbage (7%) and kitchen waste (6%). Most of the farmers utilised cow dung and wastes as organic fertiliser and lesser amounts as cooking fuel. Econometric analysis shows that the number of cattle and small ruminant per holding, total area of cultivated land and family size were significant factors that influence the amount of waste production at household level. Each household can reduce the chemical fertiliser cost by Tk. 1463 (US$ 17.84) per month by using compost prepared from household waste. There were ample opportunities for compost/vermicomposting and potential markets. The Department of Agricultural Extension from the public sector and private sector agents might motivate farmers to harvest the potential benefits of agricultural waste through effective management and utilisation.

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The Characteristics of Iron Ore Slimes and Their Influence on The Flotation Process

Minerals ◽

10.3390/min10080675 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 675

Author(s):

Neymayer Pereira Lima ◽

Klaydison Silva ◽

Thiago Souza ◽

Lev Filippov

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Iron Ore ◽

Corn Starch ◽

Reverse Flotation ◽

Flotation Process ◽

Froth Stability ◽

Iron Ore Slime ◽

Iron Ore Slimes ◽

Main Effects

The flotation has been successfully applied to process the iron ore for the particle size (Ps) from 10 µm up to 150 µm. The presence of the slimes (Ps < 10 µm) is harmful on the reverse flotation of quartz, so they are usually prior removed by hydrocyclones. The main effects of the presence of slimes on the flotation are related to the increase on reagents consumption, the froth stability, and decrease on the selectivity. The lower floatability of coarse quartz particles (+74 µm) combined with the presence of slimes, even in small quantities, drastically affect the flotation response. This paper shows a study of characterization of a typical iron ore slime, aiming to create a better understanding of its role on the concentration by flotation. The main characteristics of typical slimes from the Iron Ore Quadrangle in Brazil are the presence of almost 70% of hematite, 25% of quartz, and 5% of kaolinite, as the main silicates gangue minerals. Furthermore, the particle size distribution revealed that 80% of the hematite and the kaolinite are below 20 µm. The affinity between the ultrafine kaolinite of the slimes with the corn starch is harmful to the reverse flotation of quartz, as the starch has an important depressing action over the hematite. The presence of 20% of hematite −20 µm decreased the recovery to the froth of quartz + 74 µm from 97% to 62%, where the slimes coating seems to be the main responsible.

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