Improved creep strength of nickel-base superalloys by optimized γ/γ′ partitioning behavior of solid solution strengthening elements

2016 ◽  
Vol 676 ◽  
pp. 411-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pröbstle ◽  
S. Neumeier ◽  
P. Feldner ◽  
R. Rettig ◽  
H.E. Helmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Creep Strength ◽  
Solid Solution Strengthening ◽  
Solution Strengthening ◽  
Nickel Base Superalloys ◽  
Nickel Base ◽  
Partitioning Behavior

scholarly journals The Importance of Diffusivity and Partitioning Behavior of Solid Solution Strengthening Elements for the High Temperature Creep Strength of Ni-Base Superalloys

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 6195-6206 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Giese ◽  
A. Bezold ◽  
M. Pröbstle ◽  
A. Heckl ◽  
S. Neumeier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Creep Resistance ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Solid Solution Hardening ◽  
Stress Regime ◽  
Solid Solution Strengthening ◽  
Solution Strengthening ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Partitioning Behavior

AbstractThe creep resistance of single-crystalline Ni-base superalloys at elevated temperatures depends among others on solid solution strengthening of the γ-matrix. To study the influence of various solid solution strengtheners on the mechanical properties, a series of Ni-base superalloys with the same content of different alloying elements (Ir, Mo, Re, Rh, Ru, W) or element combinations (MoW, ReMo, ReW) was investigated. Nanoindentation measurements were performed to correlate the partitioning behavior of the solid solution strengtheners with the hardness of the individual phases. The lowest γ′/γ-hardness ratio was observed for the Re-containing alloy with the strongest partitioning of Re to the γ-matrix. As a result of the creep experiments in the high-temperature/low-stress regime (1373 K (1100 °C)/140 MPa), it can be concluded that solid solution hardening in the γ-phase plays an essential role. The stronger the partitioning to the γ-phase and the lower the interdiffusion coefficient of the alloying element, the better the creep resistance. Therefore, the best creep behavior is found for alloys containing high contents of slow-diffusing elements that partition preferably to the γ-phase, particularly Re followed by W and Mo.

Modelling of the Influence of Laves Phase on the Creep Properties in 9% Cr Steels

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Magnusson ◽  
Rolf Sandstro¨m
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Creep Strength ◽  
Solute Drag ◽  
Laves Phase ◽  
Solid Solution Hardening ◽  
Moving Frame ◽  
Creep Properties ◽  
Solid Solution Strengthening ◽  
Solution Strengthening ◽  
Multi Component System

Nucleation and growth of Laves phase are calculated for a multi-component system. Coarsening of MX, M23C6 and Laves are also determined. The influence on creep strength is discussed by analysing particle hardening and solid solution strengthening. A model for particle size distribution is presented in order to determine the amount of dislocations that can climb across particles or generate Orowan loops. The model for solid solution hardening is based on a solution of Fick’s second law with a moving frame of reference for the concentration profiles around a climbing dislocation. This is done in order to determine the slowdown in dislocations velocity due to solute drag. The results show a loss in creep strength as the Laves phase grows.

Direct Observation of a New Coherent Precipitate in Commercial Nickel-Base Alloys

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 198-199
Author(s):  
J. E. Doherty ◽  
D. E. Fornwalt ◽  
B. H. Kear
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Nickel Base Superalloy ◽  
Solid Solution Strengthening ◽  
Carbide Phases ◽  
Coherent Precipitate ◽  
Boundary Properties ◽  
Solution Strengthening ◽  
Nickel Base ◽  
Base Superalloy

A nickel-base superalloy consists essentially of a Ni/Cr solid solution γ matrix strengthened by the precipitation of the γ' phase, Ni3 (Al,Ti). In commercial alloys, transition metal additions are made for solid solution strengthening and C, B and Zr are added to improve grain boundary properties. The carbon reacts to form a variety of carbide phases. (MC, M23C6, M6C and M7C3) depending on composition and heat treatment whereas the B normally reacts to form M3B2-type diborides. In what follows it is shown that in addition to these basic reactions, C and B together can combine with Ti and Nb to form a borocarbide phase. Evidence has also been found for the precipitation of γ within the interdendritic massive γ'.

scholarly journals Quantification of Solid Solution Strengthening and Internal Stresses through Creep Testing of Ni-Containing Single Crystals at 980 °C

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1130
Author(s):  
Uwe Glatzel ◽  
Felix Schleifer ◽  
Christian Gadelmeier ◽  
Fabian Krieg ◽  
Moritz Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Creep Strength ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Configurational Entropy ◽  
Strengthening Mechanisms ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Solid Solution Strengthening ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Solution Strengthening

Various alloy compositions were cast as single crystals in a Bridgman vacuum induction furnace and creep tested at 980 °C: pure Ni, the equiatomic alloys CoCrNi and CrMnFeCoNi (Cantor alloy), single-phase fcc (Ni) solid solution alloys (with the composition of the matrix-phase of CMSX-3 and CMSX4), and two-phase Ni-based superalloys CMSX-3 and CMSX-4. Due to the single-crystal state, grain size effects, grain boundary sliding, and grain boundary diffusion can be excluded. The results identify two major strengthening mechanisms: solid solution strengthening and other mechanisms summarized as precipitation hardening. Configurational entropy does not increase creep strength: The Cantor alloy, with the highest configurational entropy of all alloys tested, shows a weak and similar creep strength at 980 °C in comparison to pure Ni with zero configurational entropy. The element Re is a very effective strengthener, both in single-phase fcc (Ni) solid solution alloys as well as in two-phase superalloys. Quantitative estimations of different strengthening mechanisms: internal back stress, misfit stresses, Orowan bowing, and γ’-phase cutting (in the case of two-phase superalloys) are presented. Finite element simulations allow estimating the influence of solid solution strengthening of the matrix on the creep behavior of the two-phase superalloys.

PYROMET 680

Alloy Digest ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Nickel Base Alloy ◽  
Solid Solution Strengthening ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Technology Corporation ◽  
Solution Strengthening ◽  
Carpenter Technology Corporation ◽  
Nickel Base

Abstract PYROMET 680 is a nonmagnetic nickel-base alloy that derives its exceptional properties up to 2200 F (1200 C) from solid solution strengthening. Among its applications are gas turbine components and furnace hardware. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness and creep. It also includes information on low and high temperature performance, and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Ni-187. Producer or source: Carpenter Technology Corporation. Originally published March 1973, revised March 1978.

Superalloy Development for Aircraft Gas Turbines

1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Quigg ◽  
H. E. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Statistical Regression ◽  
Strengthening Mechanisms ◽  
Solid Solution Strengthening ◽  
Gamma Prime ◽  
The Past ◽  
Solution Strengthening ◽  
Nickel Base ◽  
Carbide Strengthening

The creep resistance of nickel-base superalloys has progressed consistently over the past two decades. These improvements have been accomplished through the use of three principal strengthening mechanisms, solid solution strengthening, intermetallic (gamma prime) strengthening, and carbide strengthening. Most recently statistical regression analysis has been employed to predict the influence of alloying ingredients in nickel, and an alloy (TRW-NASA VI A) has been designed through this procedure. Superalloys, along with appropriate cooling mechanisms, appear to be entrenched as the materials of construction for the hotter portions of aircraft gas turbines for at least the next ten years.

OLIN ALLOY C5218

Alloy Digest ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Bend Strength ◽  
Bronze Alloy ◽  
Solid Solution Strengthening ◽  
Solution Strengthening

Abstract Olin Alloy C5218 is a phosphor bronze alloy given both dispersion- and solid-solution strengthening for applications in the automotive connector market. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, tensile properties, and bend strength. Filing Code: CU-715. Producer or source: Olin Brass.

MAR-M Alloy 246

Alloy Digest ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Precipitation Hardening ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Rupture Strength ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Solid Solution Strengthening ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Solution Strengthening ◽  
Nickel Base ◽  
Operating Temperature Range

Abstract MAR-M alloy 246 is a vacuum-cast nickel-base alloy combining precipitation hardening and solid solution strengthening. It has high rupture strength and adequate ductility in the recommended operating temperature range of 1200-1900 F. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness and creep. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as casting, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Ni-134. Producer or source: Martin Metals Division.

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