New and emerging treatments for schizophrenia: a narrative review of their pharmacology, efficacy and side effect profile relative to established antipsychotics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria C. Lobo ◽  
Thomas S. Whitehurst ◽  
Stephen J. Kaar ◽  
Oliver D. Howes
Keyword(s):  
Side Effect ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Side Effect Profile ◽  
Emerging Treatments

Valproic Acid:

1999 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayonara Beatriz Ranciaro Fagundes
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Valproic Acid ◽  
Antiepileptic Drug ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Side Effect Profile ◽  
Care Givers

Clinical pharmacologists, neurologists, and all health care givers must consider the efficacy, safety, and side effect profile of a given antiepileptic drug when determining which drug is best for a given patient.The purpose of this study was to investigate valproic acid with a detailed analysis of the different reports.

Long-term efficacy and safety of imiquimod 5% and fluorouracil 1% creams in medical monotherapy of complex eyelid basal cell carcinomas

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110356
Author(s):  
Manpreet Singh ◽  
Aditi Mehta Grewal ◽  
Himanshi Singh ◽  
Manjula Sharma ◽  
Manpreet Kaur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basal Cell ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Side Effect Profile ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Term Efficacy ◽  
Basal Cell Carcinomas ◽  
Double Blinded

Purpose: To study the long-term efficacy and safety of local application of imiquimod 5% and fluorouracil 1% creams in complex eyelid basal cell carcinomas (BCCs). Methods: A retrospective, non-comparative study in biopsy-proven, complex (involving canthi or >50% of eyelid length) eyelid BCC patients who were medically unfit for surgical procedures. All patients were medically treated with either of the creams using fixed-dose regimens for a minimum of 3 months. All received oral vitamin C 500 mg QID for 3 months as an adjunct for collagen healing. A minimum of “post-treatment” follow-up of 12 months was observed. Results: Of total 30 patients, imiquimod 5% and fluorouracil 1% were used in 16 and 14 patients, respectively. The mean age of our patients was 70.5 years. The co-morbidities included – severe coronary artery disease using blood-thinners ( n = 19), poorly controlled diabetes ( n = 12), poorly controlled hypertension ( n = 6), on nebulization ( n = 3), and tuberculosis with pulmonary fibrosis ( n = 2). Complete clinical tumor resolution was noted in 10 and 8 patients over 12 and 16.5 weeks, respectively, in imiquimod and fluorouracil groups. Periocular skin erythema, chemical conjunctivitis, and skin depigmentation were seen in all the patients of imiquimod group. On the other hand, the local side-effect profile in fluorouracil patients was limited. Conclusion: The medical treatment of complex eyelid BCC is a useful alternative to surgery in the elderly with significant co-morbidities. It provides a promising long-term relief with a tolerable side-effect profile. A prospective, randomized, double-blinded trial would provide stronger evidence for the efficacy of these drugs.

Design of Novel Photosensitizers and Controlled Singlet Oxygen Generation for Photodynamic Therapy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esra Tanrıverdi Eçik ◽  
Onur BULUT ◽  
Hasan Hüseyin Kazan ◽  
Elif Şenkuytu ◽  
Bunyemin Cosut
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Singlet Oxygen ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Side Effect Profile ◽  
High Ability ◽  
Lower Side ◽  
Oxygen Generation ◽  
Singlet Oxygen Generation ◽  
Promising Strategy

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising strategy in cancer treatment with its relatively lower side effect profile. Undoubtedly, the key component of PDT is the photosensitizers with a high ability...

scholarly journals Efficacy and Side Effect Profile of Different Formulations of Metformin: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane L. Tarry-Adkins ◽  
Imogen D. Grant ◽  
Susan E. Ozanne ◽  
Rebecca M. Reynolds ◽  
Catherine E. Aiken
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Side Effect Profile

scholarly journals Simultaneous targeting of multiple opioid receptors: a strategy to improve side-effect profile

2009 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Dietis ◽  
R. Guerrini ◽  
G. Calo ◽  
S. Salvadori ◽  
D.J. Rowbotham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Opioid Receptors ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Side Effect Profile

MEL-N16: A Series of Novel Endomorphin Analogs with Good Analgesic Activity and a Favorable Side Effect Profile

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 2180-2193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Liu ◽  
Long Zhao ◽  
Yuan Wang ◽  
Jingjing Zhou ◽  
Dan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Side Effect Profile ◽  
Favorable Side Effect Profile

scholarly journals Suvorexant: A boon for Sleepless Nights

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-45
Author(s):  
Anjan Khadka ◽  
Dick Brashier ◽  
Amol Vijay Khanpure ◽  
Pem Chuki
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Side Effect Profile ◽  
New Class ◽  
Sleep Maintenance ◽  
Nonrestorative Sleep ◽  
Arousal System ◽  
Falling Asleep

Insomnia is characterized by difficulty in falling asleep, difficulty maintaining sleep, or experiencing nonrestorative sleep. Insomnia is the most common medical complaint in general practice.  Low efficacy and various side effects limit the use of existing treatment option. Suvorexant is an orexin receptor antagonist (ORA), first in a new class of drugs in development for the treatment of insomnia. It inhibits the wakefulness-promoting orexin neurons of the arousal system thereby promoting the natural transition from wakefulness. It also improves sleep onset and sleep maintenance and has a favorable tolerability and limited side-effect profile.

scholarly journals Combining antidepressants: a review of evidence

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Palaniyappan ◽  
Lisa Insole ◽  
Nicol Ferrier
Keyword(s):  
Side Effect ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Side Effect Profile ◽  
Combined Treatments ◽  
Limited Evidence ◽  
Additional Advantage ◽  
Treatment Approaches ◽  
The Uk

SummarySequenced (stepped) treatment approaches are widely endorsed in the management of depression. Combining antidepressants is a recognised step for those failing to respond to monotherapy. Despite the limited evidence base, this strategy is widely used by clinicians in practice. Not every combination used clinically has a sound neuropharmacological rationale and the use of such combinations may increase the side-effect burden without any additional advantage to the patient. Efficacy of various antidepressant combinations along with the data on side-effect profile and toxicity of such combined treatments are reviewed here. The different combinations are considered by each class of antidepressant available in the UK.

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