scholarly journals Sensitivity of functional connectivity to periaqueductal gray localization, with implications for identifying disease-related changes in chronic visceral pain: A MAPP Research Network neuroimaging study

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 102443
Author(s):  
Sonja J. Fenske ◽  
Douglas Bierer ◽  
Gisela Chelimsky ◽  
Lisa Conant ◽  
Candida Ustine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Visceral Pain ◽  
Periaqueductal Gray ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Neuroimaging Study

The periaqueductal gray and descending pain modulation: why should we study them and what role do they play in chronic pain?

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (4) ◽  
pp. 2080-2083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasey S. Hemington ◽  
Marie-Andrée Coulombe
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Chronic Back Pain ◽  
Periaqueductal Gray ◽  
Pain Modulation ◽  
Pain Research ◽  
Descending Pain Modulation ◽  
Pain Patients

In this Neuro Forum we discuss the significance of a recent study by Yu et al. ( Neuroimage Clin 6: 100–108, 2014). The authors examined functional connectivity of a key node of the descending pain modulation pathway, the periaqueductal gray (PAG), in chronic back pain patients. Altered PAG connectivity to pain-related regions was found; we place results within the context of recent literature and emphasize the importance of understanding the descending component of pain in pain research.

scholarly journals Cue-elicited functional connectivity of the periaqueductal gray and tonic cocaine craving

2020 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
pp. 108240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Zhang ◽  
Simon Zhornitsky ◽  
Wuyi Wang ◽  
Isha Dhingra ◽  
Thang M. Le ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Periaqueductal Gray ◽  
Cocaine Craving

scholarly journals Disrupted functional connectivity of periaqueductal gray subregions in episodic migraine

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiye Chen ◽  
Xiaoyan Chen ◽  
Mengqi Liu ◽  
Shuangfeng Liu ◽  
Lin Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Episodic Migraine ◽  
Periaqueductal Gray

scholarly journals Different modulation effects of 1 Hz and 20 Hz transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on the functional connectivity of the periaqueductal gray in patients with migraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Cao ◽  
Yue Zhang ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Zhaoxian Yan ◽  
Xian Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Vagus Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Periaqueductal Gray ◽  
Pain Modulation ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Descending Pain Modulation

Abstract Background A growing body of evidence suggests that transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) may relieve symptoms of migraineurs. Frequency is one of the key stimulation parameters. The aim of this study is to investigate the modulation effect of taVNS frequency on the descending pain modulation system (DPMS) in patients with migraine. Methods Twenty-four episodic migraineurs without aura (21 females) were recruited for the single-blind, crossover, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study. Each participant attended two separate fMRI scan sessions, one for 1 Hz and another for 20 Hz taVNS, in a random order. Seed-based functional connectivity analysis was applied using the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (PAG) as the region of interest. Results Compared with the pre-taVNS resting state, continuous 1 Hz taVNS (during) produced a significant increase in functional connectivity between the PAG and the bilateral middle cingulate cortex (MCC), right precuneus, left middle frontal gyrus (MFG), and left cuneus. Compared with 20 Hz taVNS, 1 Hz taVNS produced greater PAG connectivity increases with the MCC, right precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex, left insula, and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). A significant negative correlation was observed between the number of migraine attacks in the previous 4 weeks and the PAG-MCC functional connectivity in the pre-taVNS resting-state before 1 Hz taVNS. Conclusions Our findings suggest that taVNS with different frequencies may produce different modulation effects on the descending pain modulation system, demonstrating the important role of stimulation frequency in taVNS treatment.

scholarly journals Network coherence in autism spectrum disorder : a multimodal neuroimaging study of functional connectivity and spectroscopy MRI

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
John P. II Hegarty
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Feedback Loops ◽  
Cognitive Outcome ◽  
Beta Adrenergic ◽  
Adrenergic Antagonists ◽  
Potential Clinical Utility ◽  
Neuroimaging Study ◽  
Improved Performance

The underlying neuropathology and effects on neuronal activity in individuals with ASD are still being elucidated; as well as their impact on intervention and treatment outcomes. Frontal, temporal, parietal and cerebellar pathways exhibit disrupted structural and functional connectivity in individuals with ASD and we sought to investigate the potential clinical utility of altered network coherence. Beta-adrenergic antagonism improved information processing in a subset of individuals with ASD and improved performance was related to pharmacologicallymediated alterations in functional connectivity in the fronto-parietal control network. These findings support the potential utility of beta-adrenergic antagonists for some patients with ASD and the clinical significance of alterations in network coherence. There are also additional considerations for functional connectivity investigations in ASD. The cerebellum is interconnected via feedback loops to the neocortex and thus has some modulatory influences on cortical and subcortical neuronal circuits. The cerebellum is consistently implicated in the neuropathology of ASD but has been largely ignored in investigations of functional network coherence. Functional connectivity between the cerebellum and neocortex was anticorrelated in a subset of individuals with ASD. These individuals exhibited reduced glutamate levels in the cerebellum and diminished interpretive linguistic abilities, suggesting a potential mechanism underlying altered cerebrocerebellar connectivity in some individuals with ASD as well a cognitive outcome of alterations in cerebrocerebellar network coherence.

scholarly journals Resting-state functional connectivity and psychopathology in Klinefelter syndrome (47, XXY)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan T. Whitman ◽  
Siyuan Liu ◽  
Erin Torres ◽  
Allysa Warling ◽  
Kathleen Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Klinefelter Syndrome ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Brain Anatomy ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
Neuroimaging Study

Klinefelter syndrome (47, XXY; Henceforth: XXY syndrome) is a high impact but poorly understood genetic risk factor for neuropsychiatric impairment. Here, we provide the first neuroimaging study to map resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) changes in XXY syndrome and ask how these might relate to brain anatomy and psychopathology. We collected resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 75 individuals with XXY and 84 healthy XY males. We implemented a brain-wide screen to identify regions with altered global rsFC in XXY vs. XY males, and then used seed-based analysis to decompose these alterations. We further compared rsFC changes with regional changes in brain volume from voxel-based morphometry and tested for correlations between rsFC and symptom variation within XXY syndrome. We found that XXY syndrome was characterized by increased global rsFC in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), associated with overconnectivity with diverse rsFC networks. Regional rsFC changes were partly coupled to regional volumetric changes in XXY syndrome. Within the precuneus, variation in DLPFC rsFC within XXY syndrome was correlated with the severity of psychopathology in XXY individuals. Our findings provide the first view of altered functional brain connectivity in XXY syndrome and delineate links between these alterations and those relating to both brain anatomy and psychopathology. Taken together, these insights advance biological understanding of XXY syndrome as a disorder in its own right, and as a model of genetic risk for psychopathology more broadly.

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