Altered structural and functional connectivity contribute to rapid ejaculation: insights from a multimodal neuroimaging study

Neuroscience ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songzhan Gao ◽  
Jianhuai Chen ◽  
Yan Xu ◽  
Shaowei Liu ◽  
Chao Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Multimodal Neuroimaging ◽  
Neuroimaging Study

scholarly journals In vivo glucose metabolism and glutamate levels in mGluR5 knockout mice: a multimodal neuroimaging study using [18F]FDG microPET and MRS

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yo-Han Joo ◽  
Yun-Kwan Kim ◽  
In-Gyu Choi ◽  
Hyeon-Jin Kim ◽  
Young-Don Son ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nmda Receptor ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Cerebral Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Functional Coupling ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Acute Administration ◽  
Multimodal Neuroimaging ◽  
Mk 801 ◽  
Genetic Ablation ◽  
Neuroimaging Study

Abstract Background Perturbed functional coupling between the metabotropic glutamate receptor-5 (mGluR5) and N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated excitatory glutamatergic neurotransmission may contribute to the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. We aimed to establish the functional interaction between mGluR5 and NMDA receptors in brain of mice with genetic ablation of the mGluR5. Methods We first measured the brain glutamate levels with magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in mGluR5 knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice. Then, we assessed brain glucose metabolism with [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) positron emission tomography before and after the acute administration of an NMDA antagonist, MK-801 (0.5 mg/kg), in the same mGluR5 KO and WT mice. Results Between-group comparisons showed no significant differences in [18F]FDG standardized uptake values (SUVs) in brain of mGluR5 KO and WT mice at baseline, but widespread reductions in mGluR5 KO mice compared to WT mice after MK-801 administration (p < 0.05). The baseline glutamate levels did not differ significantly between the two groups. However, there were significant negative correlations between baseline prefrontal glutamate levels and regional [18F]FDG SUVs in mGluR5 KO mice (p < 0.05), but no such correlations in WT mice. Fisher’s Z-transformation analysis revealed significant between-group differences in these correlations (p < 0.05). Conclusions This is the first multimodal neuroimaging study in mGluR5 KO mice and the first report on the association between cerebral glucose metabolism and glutamate levels in living rodents. The results indicate that mGluR5 KO mice respond to NMDA antagonism with reduced cerebral glucose metabolism, suggesting that mGluR5 transmission normally moderates the net effects of NMDA receptor antagonism on neuronal activity. The negative correlation between glutamate levels and glucose metabolism in mGluR5 KO mice at baseline may suggest an unmasking of an inhibitory component of the glutamatergic regulation of neuronal energy metabolism.

Visuospatial processing in early Alzheimer’s disease: A multimodal neuroimaging study

Cortex ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 394-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi I.L. Jacobs ◽  
Ed H.B.M. Gronenschild ◽  
Elisabeth A.T. Evers ◽  
Inez H.G.B. Ramakers ◽  
Paul A.M. Hofman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Multimodal Neuroimaging ◽  
Visuospatial Processing ◽  
Neuroimaging Study ◽  
Early Alzheimer’S Disease

scholarly journals Understanding the neural basis of episodic amnesia in logopenic progressive aphasia: A multimodal neuroimaging study

Cortex ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 272-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddharth Ramanan ◽  
Lars Marstaller ◽  
John R. Hodges ◽  
Olivier Piguet ◽  
Muireann Irish
Keyword(s):  
Neural Basis ◽  
Multimodal Neuroimaging ◽  
Progressive Aphasia ◽  
Neuroimaging Study

scholarly journals Network coherence in autism spectrum disorder : a multimodal neuroimaging study of functional connectivity and spectroscopy MRI

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
John P. II Hegarty
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Feedback Loops ◽  
Cognitive Outcome ◽  
Beta Adrenergic ◽  
Adrenergic Antagonists ◽  
Potential Clinical Utility ◽  
Neuroimaging Study ◽  
Improved Performance

The underlying neuropathology and effects on neuronal activity in individuals with ASD are still being elucidated; as well as their impact on intervention and treatment outcomes. Frontal, temporal, parietal and cerebellar pathways exhibit disrupted structural and functional connectivity in individuals with ASD and we sought to investigate the potential clinical utility of altered network coherence. Beta-adrenergic antagonism improved information processing in a subset of individuals with ASD and improved performance was related to pharmacologicallymediated alterations in functional connectivity in the fronto-parietal control network. These findings support the potential utility of beta-adrenergic antagonists for some patients with ASD and the clinical significance of alterations in network coherence. There are also additional considerations for functional connectivity investigations in ASD. The cerebellum is interconnected via feedback loops to the neocortex and thus has some modulatory influences on cortical and subcortical neuronal circuits. The cerebellum is consistently implicated in the neuropathology of ASD but has been largely ignored in investigations of functional network coherence. Functional connectivity between the cerebellum and neocortex was anticorrelated in a subset of individuals with ASD. These individuals exhibited reduced glutamate levels in the cerebellum and diminished interpretive linguistic abilities, suggesting a potential mechanism underlying altered cerebrocerebellar connectivity in some individuals with ASD as well a cognitive outcome of alterations in cerebrocerebellar network coherence.

scholarly journals Resting-state functional connectivity and psychopathology in Klinefelter syndrome (47, XXY)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan T. Whitman ◽  
Siyuan Liu ◽  
Erin Torres ◽  
Allysa Warling ◽  
Kathleen Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Klinefelter Syndrome ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Brain Anatomy ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
Neuroimaging Study

Klinefelter syndrome (47, XXY; Henceforth: XXY syndrome) is a high impact but poorly understood genetic risk factor for neuropsychiatric impairment. Here, we provide the first neuroimaging study to map resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) changes in XXY syndrome and ask how these might relate to brain anatomy and psychopathology. We collected resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 75 individuals with XXY and 84 healthy XY males. We implemented a brain-wide screen to identify regions with altered global rsFC in XXY vs. XY males, and then used seed-based analysis to decompose these alterations. We further compared rsFC changes with regional changes in brain volume from voxel-based morphometry and tested for correlations between rsFC and symptom variation within XXY syndrome. We found that XXY syndrome was characterized by increased global rsFC in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), associated with overconnectivity with diverse rsFC networks. Regional rsFC changes were partly coupled to regional volumetric changes in XXY syndrome. Within the precuneus, variation in DLPFC rsFC within XXY syndrome was correlated with the severity of psychopathology in XXY individuals. Our findings provide the first view of altered functional brain connectivity in XXY syndrome and delineate links between these alterations and those relating to both brain anatomy and psychopathology. Taken together, these insights advance biological understanding of XXY syndrome as a disorder in its own right, and as a model of genetic risk for psychopathology more broadly.

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