Effect of sex and race on body mass index and percent body fat in young adults

Background: Body composition is important for health screening, but appropriate methods for unilateral lower extremity amputees have not been validated. Objectives: To compare body mass index adjusted using Amputee Coalition equations (body mass index–Amputee Coalition) to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in unilateral lower limb amputees. Study design: Cross-sectional, experimental. Methods: Thirty-eight men and women with lower limb amputations (transfemoral, transtibial, hip disarticulation, Symes) participated. Body mass index (mass/height2) was compared to body mass index corrected for limb loss (body mass index–Amputee Coalition). Accuracy of classification and extrapolation of percent body fat with body mass index was compared to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results: Body mass index–Amputee Coalition increased body mass index (by ~ 1.1 kg/m2) but underestimated and mis-classified 60% of obese and overestimated 100% of lean individuals according to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Estimated mean percent body fat (95% confidence interval) from body mass index–Amputee Coalition (28.3% (24.9%, 31.7%)) was similar to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry percent body fat (29.5% (25.2%, 33.7%)) but both were significantly higher ( p < 0.05) than percent body fat estimated from uncorrected body mass index (23.6% (20.4%, 26.8%)). However, total errors for body mass index and body mass index–Amputee Coalition converted to percent body fat were unacceptably large (standard error of the estimate = 6.8%, 6.2% body fat) and the discrepancy between both methods and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was inversely related ( r = −0.59 and r = −0.66, p < 0.05) to the individual’s level of body fatness. Conclusions: Body mass index (despite correction) underestimates health risk for obese patients and overestimates lean, muscular individuals with lower limb amputation. Clinical relevance Clinical recommendations for an ideal body mass based on body mass index–Amputee Coalition should not be relied upon in lower extremity amputees. This is of particular concern for obese lower extremity amputees whose health risk might be significantly underestimated based on body mass index despite a “correction” formula for limb loss.

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Body mass index and percent body fat: a meta analysis among different ethnic groups

International Journal of Obesity ◽

10.1038/sj.ijo.0800741 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 22 (12) ◽

pp. 1164-1171 ◽

Cited By ~ 683

Author(s):

P Deurenberg ◽

M Yap ◽

WA van Staveren

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Ethnic Groups ◽

Body Mass ◽

Body Fat ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Percent Body Fat

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A comparison of body mass index and percent body fat as predictors of cardiovascular risk factors

Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome Clinical Research & Reviews ◽

10.1016/j.dsx.2018.11.012 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 570-575 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hosein Sheibani ◽

Habibollah Esmaeili ◽

Maryam Tayefi ◽

Maryam Saberi-Karimian ◽

Susan Darroudi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Body Mass ◽

Body Fat ◽

Percent Body Fat

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Classification of Preadolescent Boys Based on Their Body Mass Index and Percent Body Fat Produces Different Groups

Journal of the American Dietetic Association ◽

10.1016/j.jada.2005.05.068 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 105 (8) ◽

pp. 22

Author(s):

L.S. Brann

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Body Fat ◽

Percent Body Fat

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Body Fat Percentage, Waist Circumference and Body Mass Index are Correlated with Nitric Oxide Levels in Young Adults with Central Obesity

Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences ◽

10.21705/mcbs.v5i1.165 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Feriyandi Nauli ◽

Nurhasanah Nurhasanah ◽

Endang Mahati ◽

Udin Bahrudin

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Young Adults ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Body Mass ◽

Body Fat ◽

Central Obesity ◽

Subcutaneous Fat ◽

Body Fat Percentage ◽

Fat Percentage

Background: Central obesity stands for the corner-stone of cardio-metabolic health, while nitric oxide (NO) is a major regulator of cardiovascular function. To day, the correlation between serum NO metabolites nitrate/nitrite and the obesity components in young adults remains elusive. Thus, this current study was conducted to know the correlation between serum NO metabolites levels and body fat percentage, waist circumference (WC) as well as body mass index (BMI) in young adults with central obesity.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Riau, Indonesia, involving 79 young adults aged 18-25 years, composing of 39 and 40 subjects with and without central obesity, respectively. Anthropometric measurements were performed to assess WC and BMI. Body fat percentage was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis and serum NO metabolites levels were assessed using Griess methods.Results: Levels of serum NO metabolites were significant higher in the subjects with central obesity (168.41±12.64 μmol/L) than that of normal subjects (70.57±44.99 μmol/L, p<0.001), but the levels were no significant different between male and female subjects. Serum NO metabolites levels were strongly correlated with total body fat (r=0.618, p<0.001), visceral fat (r=0.733, p<0.001), subcutaneous fat (r=0.547, p<0.001), WC (r=0.717, p<0.001) and BMI (r=0.788, p<0.001).Conclusions: For young adults in Riau, Indonesia, levels of serum NO metabolites are higher in the central obesity group than that of the normal. In this population, body fat percentage, waist circumference and body mass index are correlated with serum nitric oxide metabolites levels.Keywords: nitric oxide, body fat percentage, young adults, central obesity

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